[All] Split up manta_primitives lib.rs & [Manta&Calamari] Port parity's fast-runtime cargo feature

[Garandor]

Description

Closes #357
Port of paritytech/polkadot#4332

Allows building Manta/Calamari runtimes with session and democracy times set to much shorter 2 or 5 minutes instead of their production values and for customizable timings using environment variables.
Env variables are ignored unless the RT is built with --features=fast-runtime in which case they overwrite the (shortened) defaults.

Build fast RTs with
cargo build --release --features=fast-runtime

or customize, to e.g. 1 minute period interval with env variable
MANTA_PERIOD=5 cargo build --release --features=fast-runtime

Variables are named as capitalized versions of their name in the parameter_types! macro prefixed with MANTA_ or CALAMARI_ respectively

---

Before we can merge this PR, please make sure that all the following items have been
checked off. If any of the checklist items are not applicable, please leave them but
write a little note why.

• Targeted PR against correct branch (manta or dolphin) with right title (start with [Manta] or [Dolphin]),
• Linked to Github issue with discussion and accepted design OR have an explanation in the PR that describes this work.
• Wrote unit tests. N/A, buildtime changes only
• Updated relevant documentation in the code. N/A, buildtime changes only
• Re-reviewed Files changed in the Github PR explorer.
• If runtime changes, need to update the version numbers properly N/A, buildtime changes only
• If needed, notify the committer this is a draft-release and a tag is needed after merging the PR. N/A, is feature PR
• Verify benchmarks & weights have been updated for any modified runtime logics N/A, buildtime changes only
• If needed, bump version for every crate. N/A, buildtime changes only
• If import a new pallet, choose a proper module index for it, and allow it in BaseFilter. Ensure every extrinsic works from front-end. If there's corresponding tool, ensure both work for each other. N/A, buildtime changes only
• If needed, update our Javascript/Typescript APIs. These APIs are offcially used by exchanges or community developers. N/A, buildtime changes only
• If we're going to issue a new release, freeze the code one week early(it depends, but usually it's one week), ensure we have enough time for related testing. N/A, Is feature PR

[Garandor]

@ghzlatarev Please have a look whether the Calamari Democracy pallet fast defaults make sense

[Garandor]

Have to mark as draft - calamari-local isn't producing blocks when built with fast-runtime, both in local testing and CI

Nevermind, CI passed. However i still can't get the parachain to start collating using polkadot-launch. Not sure yet if it's due to my config.

[Garandor]

@Dengjianping check out this revision, it's a larger PR but I think having the types module makes the code cleaner

[Garandor]

Managed to test a fast-runtime locally using polkadot-launch

All good according to me

[ghzlatarev]

@Garandor merge conflicts after the 0.9.16 pr.

[Garandor]

Conflicts resolved, ready to merge

[stechu]

Thanks for this cleaning up PR. Please merge conflicts.

[stechu]

The XCM test code needs to adapt to this new change as well. See the failed unit test.

[Garandor]

@stechu the PR finished CI and is ready to merge

[Garandor]

@stechu Ready to merge again

[stechu]

@Garandor Thanks for the PR!