Prevent Loop in Shared/File::realpath

[oleibman]

Fix #3807. Function attempts to rationalize .. in filenames in a way that normally works just fine. Reporter notes that at least one of the filenames that will be analyzed when a spreadsheet is read can be maliciously altered in a manner which does not harm Excel when reading the file, but which puts PhpSpreadsheet into a loop. This PR fixes the problem.

This is:

• a bugfix
• a new feature
• refactoring
• additional unit tests

Checklist:

• Changes are covered by unit tests
  • Changes are covered by existing unit tests
  • New unit tests have been added
• Code style is respected
• Commit message explains why the change is made (see https://github.com/erlang/otp/wiki/Writing-good-commit-messages)
• CHANGELOG.md contains a short summary of the change and a link to the pull request if applicable
• Documentation is updated as necessary

Why this change is needed?

Provide an explanation of why this change is needed, with links to any Issues (if appropriate).
If this is a bugfix or a new feature, and there are no existing Issues, then please also create an issue that will make it easier to track progress with this PR.