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PIP-0042.md

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  PIP: PIP-0042
  Title: Update OP_RECOVER to initial sense described on original WhitePaper and allow ASK FOR PASA feature
  Type: Protocol
  Impact: Hard-Fork
  Author: Albert Molina   
  Copyright: Albert Molina, 2021 (All Rights Reserved)
  Comments-URI: https://discord.gg/gamPX9E4RF (Discord channel #pip-42)
  Status: Proposed
  Created: 2021-09-23

Summary

Update current OP_RECOVER operation in order to have a similar sense as described on Original PascalCoin WhitePaper published on July 2016 few weeks before Genesis Block.

Motivation

OP_RECOVER feature was defined on original PascalCoin Whitepaper published on July 2016 as a way to allow recover coins that has lost private key.

PascalCoin WhitePaper:

PascalCoin proposes an alternative to the basic operation of Bitcoin, through which change
several aspects for working on the new virtual currency:
...
  - PascalCoin provides a method set by protocol to retrieve coins that are not used
    instead (lost key). This method only applies if after a certain time the owner does not
    make any operation with the account private key.
...
(Page 2/8)

Basically was a way to mantain a constant and predectible inflation and available coin because burning coins are not possible.

Current problem is that WhitePaper definition is ambiguous and certain time was not specified, initial source code proposal was to set a time value = 4 years (420480 blocks in PascalCoin)

Another problem is that WhitePaper didn't specified who can retrieve coins that are not used, neither what to do with Pascal Accounts (aka PASA) not used.

Proposal

This PIP specifies a more accurated OP_RECOVER feature that will mantain initial sense and will allow a fair PASA and coins distribution.

Update current OP_RECOVER to work as this:

  1. The way to know if an Account is not used will be counting how many blocks since last private key signed this Account as an Active mode as defined on PIP-0037.

  2. Accounts without coins (amount = 0) can be reused to community usage in a ASK FOR PASA (OP_RECOVER special case) after 4 years if Account has not been used as specified on 1.

  3. Coins stored in Accounts (where amount > 0) can be retrieved to MINER that generates a block as a fee in the OP_RECOVER operation after 10 years if Account has not been used as specified on 1.

  4. ASK FOR PASA will be an OP_RECOVER special case operation signed by an Authority Account, Authority Account will be the Account stored in the type value of Account number 1 ( Account(1).type == Authority Account ).

  5. Accounts 0 to 9 (inclusive) are exempt for OP_RECOVER operation.

Specification

The following changes are required to implement this in PascalCoin.

New OP_RECOVER fields

A new field sign will be added to OP_RECOVER that will be used in Proposal number 2. Value MUST be empty in other cases.

  TOpRecoverFoundsData = Record
    account: Cardinal;
    n_operation : Cardinal;
    fee: UInt64;
    new_publicKey: TAccountKey;
	// New field for PIP-0042
    sign: TECDSA_SIG;
  End;

Update OP_RECOVER code

Changes on check

Check proposals 2 to 5:

  let A = target PASA 
  let L4Years = 420480  ((24 hours * 60 minutes) DIV 5 minutes) * 365 days * 4 years)  
  let L10Years = 1051200  ((24 hours * 60 minutes) DIV 5 minutes) * 365 days * 10 years)  
  let LCurrentBlock = Current Blockchain new block number
  
  // Proposal 5 protection
  if (A.account<=9) then
     Error 'Accounts 0..9 are protected';
  
  // Proposal 2 protection
  if (A.updated_on_block_active_mode + L4Years >= LCurrentBlock) then
     Error 'Account is still active (less than 4 years without private key usage)';  
  
  // Proposal 3 protection
  if (A.updated_on_block_active_mode + L10Years >= LCurrentBlock) AND (A.Balance > 0) then
     Error 'Account has balance>0 and still active (less than 10 years without private key usage)';
	 
  let B = Account(1)
  let C = Account( B.type ) // Authority account
  let DATA = OP_RECOVER fields

  // Proposal 4 ASK FOR PASA signed by Authority account
  if ((DATA.new_publicKey) not null) AND (NOT IsValidSignature(DATA.sign, C.accountInfo.publicKey)) then
     Error 'Ask for Pasa feature must be signed by Authority account';

Changes on Execute

Execution is done only after checks are passed

  // Assume same fields than check code
   
  // Ask for Pasa
  if ((DATA.new_publicKey) not null) then 
    set A.accountInfo.publicKey = DATA.new_publicKey
	
  set FEE = A.balance
  set A.balance = 0; // Sets Account balance to 0, balance will be a fee for the miner
  
  SaveAccount( A );
  
  // Only the miner will obtain coins as a Fee of the block, none other can retrieve coins
  IncrementNewBlockFee( FEE );

Conclusion

Only miner can retrieve coins, this will help and add a miners and pools race

Current holders will have a reasonable time period (10 years) to hold coins

Ask for Pasa feature will be available since activation thanks to 4 years rule

Affected PIP's

This PIP deactivates PIP-0012 and PIP-0019

Backwards Compatibility

This change is not backwards compatible and requires a hard-fork activation.

Links

  1. Original PascalCoin WhitePaper published on July 2016. Accessed 2021-09.
  2. PIP-0037