[Frontend] Add support for the new PL arithmetic operators

[maliasadi]

Context:
PennyLane is in the process of replacing Hamiltonian and Tensor observables with a set of general arithmetic operators. These consist of Prod, Sum and SProd. By default, using dunder methods (eg. +, -, @, *) to combine operators with scalars or other operators will create Hamiltonian’s and Tensor’s. However, these two classes will be replaced in coming releases of PennyLane. To enable the new arithmetic operators path, one can use those three classes directly or call enable_new_opmath.

This PR adds support for Prod, Sum and SProd in Catalyst by implementing converter methods that serialize these classes to Runtime known observable classes at tracing.

Benefits:

• Support for qml.ops.op_math: Prod, Sum, Sprod.

[sc-41351]

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #250 (8ce5458) into main (f4c1719) will increase coverage by 0.06%.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #250      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   99.26%   99.32%   +0.06%     
==========================================
  Files          38       38              
  Lines        6923     6972      +49     
  Branches      343      355      +12     
==========================================
+ Hits         6872     6925      +53     
+ Misses         28       26       -2     
+ Partials       23       21       -2     

Files Changed	Coverage Δ
frontend/catalyst/jax_tape.py	99.05% <100.00%> (+2.14%)	⬆️
frontend/catalyst/jax_tracer.py	95.47% <100.00%> (+1.54%)	⬆️

[dime10]

Nice, good start 💯

[dime10]

Thanks for the new op math support 🥳

[dime10]

🥳