PSAT active task #289

julientherier · 2015-06-09T14:55:34Z

This pull-request adds a new active task: PSAT (Paced Serial Addition Test).
It is a test that supports both auditory (PASAT) and visual (PVSAT) versions.

Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) is a neuropsychological test used to assess capacity and rate of information processing and sustained and divided attention. Wikipedia

This task is well documented in the scientific literature [Fos et al., 2000, Nagels et al., 2005], and is mainly used to mesure the MSFC score in Multiple Sclerosis.

Practically speaking, this task generates a series of single digits (e.g. 60), at the specific frequency (e.g. 1 new digit every 2 or 3 seconds). The user must add the newly presented digit to the one prior to it.

You can test this new task directly with the ORKCatalog application.

Please feel free to comment code and scientific aspect of this PSAT task.

Task in action:

brucehappy · 2015-06-10T18:16:01Z

ResearchKit/Localized/en.lproj/Localizable.strings

@@ -216,6 +216,16 @@
 "REACTION_TIME_TASK_ATTEMPTS_FORMAT" = "Attempt %D of %D";
 "REACTION_TIME_TASK_ACTIVE_STEP_TITLE" = "Quickly shake the device when the blue circle appears";

+/* PVSAT active task. */
+"PVSAT_TITLE" = "PVSAT";
+"PVSAT_INTRO_TEXT" = "The Paced Visual Serial Addition Test mesures your visual information processing speed and calculation ability.";


"mesures" is misspelled

YuanZhu-apple · 2015-06-12T23:06:35Z

ResearchKit/ActiveTasks/ORKPVSATContentView.m

+        _answerCaptionLabel.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
+        _answerCaptionLabel.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
+        _digitLabel = [ORKTapCountLabel new];
+        _digitLabel.textColor= [self tintColor];


Add a space before =.

YuanZhu-apple · 2015-06-14T08:20:37Z

@julientherier Are you developing this for an app for MS, or just a new task that’s being added outside the context of an app?

YuanZhu-apple · 2015-06-14T08:28:11Z

samples/ORKCatalog/ORKCatalog/Images.xcassets/AppIcon.appiconset/Contents.json

+      "size" : "76x76",
+      "idiom" : "ipad",
+      "filename" : "Icon-76@2x.png",
+      "scale" : "2x"
    }


Can you make a separate PR to add these app icons? They are not quite relevant to PVSAT task.

See ResearchKit#293

julientherier · 2015-06-14T15:00:09Z

@YuanZhu-apple yes, the goal is to build an app for MS based on several new tasks.
But the PVSAT/PASAT task can be useful in many clinical studies, far beyond the MS disease only.

YuanZhu-apple · 2015-06-15T23:45:08Z

Below is my questions:

As mentioned in the paper, the number has size 7cm * 5 cm with 48cm reading distance.
Let's assume the reading distance for iPhone is 24cm, accordingly, the number on screen should be 3.5cm * 2.5cm approximately.
In my understanding, PVSAT simply uses visual to presentation number instead of auditory, the participant still speaks the addition result out.
Would the use of button tapping instead of speaking increase the difficulty of this test? Explore other approach to reduce the difficulty?
Would it be helpful to analog the face to face test, by prompting a voice instruction after user has a few consecutive “no response” ?
For example, “Jump back in with the next two numbers you see.”
In the paper, each number displays exact 450 msec. Would it be helpful to expose a display duration parameter in the API interface to allow customization?

julientherier · 2015-06-16T13:35:06Z

Thank you for taking time to review this PR.

I think the number on screen is at the right size. Indeed, PSAT task should use experimental controls rather than normative data to make interpretation. So the most important will be to compare data between groups in ResearchKit-based apps using the PSAT task. And if we want to compare data, interface as to be comparable on every device - else a user would have better results on an iPad Air than iPhone4S probably. The smallest height we get is 320pt (iPhone4/5 in landscape mode - see below) and it is the baseline I used to determine addition step label, number label and keyboard view sizes.
It could be great to use speech recognition API, but unfortunately no one is available natively yet. BTW, probably an iPad/iPhone user is able to use keyboard, or otherwise can be assist by someone to answer additions verbally. Usually, "interference effects associated with the verbal response masking the aural presentation may be contributing to the PASAT's sensitivity to neurological impairments", whereas both PVSAT and PASAT assess speed of information processing (cognitive functioning). Asking the user to tap on the keyboard invert this interference which can now be assessed using the PVSAT, not the PASAT.
I don't think so cause it could lead some participants to employ the “alternate answer” strategy of adding two numbers, skipping one, adding two numbers, skipping one, etc. But it makes me believe the task result should track the Dyads (represent consecutive correct answers) to assess this chunking strategy. I will implement this in the next commit.
You're totally right. I've read some papers where the stimulus duration was 1 seconds, so it is definitely a variable. I will implement this in the next commit.

julientherier · 2015-06-18T08:27:23Z

We can now choose stimulus duration as well as track dyad to overcome the “alternate answer” strategy.

YuanZhu-apple · 2015-06-18T21:40:19Z

Thanks for your quick turnaround.

Some UI feedback:
Progress bar has been used in other active tasks to inform user current progress.
How about use it to replace the "addition 5/60" text line?
I feel it would be less distracting comparing to text.

Also I feel the color of the number ought to be black instead of app's tint color.
User may think it is a system borderless button.

julientherier · 2015-06-19T12:09:54Z

I fixed these 2 problems.
Perhaps it would be great to have some kind of ResearchKit HIG?
I read the Coding Guidelines, but a HIG documentation would also bring value for developing active tasks.

YuanZhu-apple · 2015-06-19T19:17:54Z

Maybe a guide How to build a new active task guide could cover HIG and task building topics?

YuanZhu-apple · 2015-06-19T19:21:30Z

Updated UI looks good.
Except a minor issue I found:

the number label should holds its space when the number is not showing.

YuanZhu-apple · 2015-06-19T19:30:28Z

ResearchKit/Common/ORKDefines.h

+
+    /// The PAVSAT (Paced Auditory and Visual Series Addition Test).
+    ORKPSATVersionPAVSAT
+} ORK_ENUM_AVAILABLE;


Can we make a bitmask instead? It seems basic versions can overlap.

ORKPSATVersionAudio = (1 << 1), ORKPSATVersionVisual = (1 << 2),

version = ORKPSATVersionAudio | ORKPSATVersionVisual;

And bitmasks should use the NS_OPTIONS macro.

Name Version could be confusing as incremental test versions.
Consider to naming it ORKPSATOption or ORKPSATStimuliOption?

julientherier · 2015-06-24T12:26:58Z

@YuanZhu-apple I'll be able to improve it on Friday, sorry for the delay.

YuanZhu-apple · 2015-06-26T18:07:39Z

ResearchKit/ActiveTasks/ORKPSATKeyboardView.m

+        NSString *answerButtonTitle = nil;
+        for (NSUInteger i = ORKPSATMinimumAnswer; i <= ORKPSATMaximumAnswer; i++) {
+            answerButtonTitle = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"PSAT_BUTTON_TITLE_%li", i];
+            answerButton = [self answerButtonWithTitle:ORKLocalizedString(answerButtonTitle, nil)];


This method may save some effort in localization:

[NSNumberFormatter localizedStringFromNumber:[NSNumber numberWithInt:number] numberStyle:NSNumberFormatterNoStyle];

You're right, I'll use the same method for the digit series too.
Thanks a lot for this clue.

julientherier · 2015-06-26T20:32:57Z

@YuanZhu-apple I tried with an iPhone using an Arabic language and I think it's OK. Please could you confirm that?
The phonepsat.pngassets are not localized: do you think it could be a problem?

YuanZhu-apple · 2015-06-29T22:55:15Z

@julientherier I confirm that the localized number works. phonepsat.png is fine.
Some internal discussion around this task is going on. Stay tuned.

julientherier · 2015-07-30T08:10:54Z

@YuanZhu-apple any news about this PR for the past month?

YuanZhu-apple · 2015-08-13T04:16:05Z

~~@julientherier Did you get a chance to send an email to researchkit@apple.com ?~~
Never mind. I saw your email.

YuanZhu-apple · 2015-08-18T23:31:09Z

@julientherier Can you update this PR? I am about to merge it.
Thanks!

YuanZhu-apple · 2015-08-19T04:24:09Z

Merged in 445d8af

julientherier · 2015-08-20T16:45:10Z

@YuanZhu-apple sorry I'm out of office for some days. Do you need more work for this PR?

YuanZhu-apple · 2015-08-20T22:24:11Z

@julientherier That's OK. If find anything wrong from my merge, let me know.

julientherier added 8 commits June 9, 2015 14:52

Add PVSAT active task

402fee9

Fix some typos

322dd86

Add AppIcon for ORKCatalog app

105ed0d

Comply with coding guidelines

50d89a2

Refactor some code

bb10a11

Add parameters for step duration and serve length

6978295

Support for pause/resume

ef7a26e

Minor fixes

a1df4e5

brucehappy reviewed Jun 10, 2015
View reviewed changes

julientherier added 2 commits June 11, 2015 09:52

Improvements based on comments

287aec8

Remove answer 2 and 18 (no longer relevant)

4b3b2a6

YuanZhu-apple reviewed Jun 12, 2015
View reviewed changes

Comply with coding guidelines

8ebd710

YuanZhu-apple self-assigned this Jun 14, 2015

YuanZhu-apple reviewed Jun 14, 2015
View reviewed changes

julientherier mentioned this pull request Jun 14, 2015

Add AppIcon for ORKCatalog app #293

Merged

Move App Icon to its own PR

ab8542a

See ResearchKit#293

julientherier changed the title ~~PVSAT active task~~ PSAT active task Jun 15, 2015

julientherier added 2 commits June 15, 2015 16:30

Support auditory version of the PSAT

b139100

Rename images

1edc2b3

julientherier added 2 commits June 17, 2015 10:39

DRYer code

6d21598

Add ISI and Stimulus Duration support

463797c

Comply with HIG

1902efd

Clean unused strings.

3bba1f6

YuanZhu-apple reviewed Jun 19, 2015
View reviewed changes

julientherier added 3 commits June 26, 2015 13:53

Change PSATVersion to PSATPresentationMode (NS_OPTIONS)

0c65933

Fix keyboard buttons array capacity

8e22a0c

Make keyboard buttons lacalizable

f25a536

YuanZhu-apple reviewed Jun 26, 2015
View reviewed changes

Localize digits

21cca17

Localize ISI value

9e6dee5

julientherier mentioned this pull request Aug 13, 2015

Hole Peg Test task #373

Merged

YuanZhu-apple closed this Aug 19, 2015

vtourraine deleted the pvsat-active-task branch January 7, 2016 13:25

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PSAT active task #289

PSAT active task #289

julientherier commented Jun 9, 2015

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PSAT active task #289

PSAT active task #289

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