feat: move exceptions back to common package (#295)

### Summary of Changes

Move exceptions back to common top-level package. This undoes the change
from #177 and prepares for #262 and other errors that don't belong to a
specific package of Safe-DS. It also makes it easier for developer to
find a fitting error.

---------

Co-authored-by: megalinter-bot <129584137+megalinter-bot@users.noreply.github.com>

src/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_column.py

@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@
 
 from safeds.data.image.containers import Image
 from safeds.data.image.typing import ImageFormat
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import (
+from safeds.data.tabular.typing import ColumnType
+from safeds.exceptions import (
     ColumnLengthMismatchError,
     ColumnSizeError,
     IndexOutOfBoundsError,
     NonNumericColumnError,
 )
-from safeds.data.tabular.typing import ColumnType
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from collections.abc import Callable, Iterator

src/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_row.py

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 
 import pandas as pd
 
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import UnknownColumnNameError
 from safeds.data.tabular.typing import ColumnType, Schema
+from safeds.exceptions import UnknownColumnNameError
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from collections.abc import Iterator

src/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_table.py

@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@
 
 from safeds.data.image.containers import Image
 from safeds.data.image.typing import ImageFormat
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import (
+from safeds.data.tabular.typing import ColumnType, Schema
+from safeds.exceptions import (
     ColumnLengthMismatchError,
     ColumnSizeError,
     DuplicateColumnNameError,
@@ -24,7 +25,6 @@
     SchemaMismatchError,
     UnknownColumnNameError,
 )
-from safeds.data.tabular.typing import ColumnType, Schema
 
 from ._column import Column
 from ._row import Row

src/safeds/data/tabular/transformation/_imputer.py

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 from sklearn.impute import SimpleImputer as sk_SimpleImputer
 
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Table
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import TransformerNotFittedError, UnknownColumnNameError
 from safeds.data.tabular.transformation._table_transformer import TableTransformer
 from safeds.data.tabular.typing import ImputerStrategy
+from safeds.exceptions import TransformerNotFittedError, UnknownColumnNameError
 
 
 class Imputer(TableTransformer):

src/safeds/data/tabular/transformation/_label_encoder.py

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 from sklearn.preprocessing import OrdinalEncoder as sk_OrdinalEncoder
 
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Table
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import TransformerNotFittedError, UnknownColumnNameError
 from safeds.data.tabular.transformation._table_transformer import (
     InvertibleTableTransformer,
 )
+from safeds.exceptions import TransformerNotFittedError, UnknownColumnNameError
 
 
 # noinspection PyProtectedMember

src/safeds/data/tabular/transformation/_one_hot_encoder.py

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@
 from sklearn.preprocessing import OneHotEncoder as sk_OneHotEncoder
 
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Table
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import TransformerNotFittedError, UnknownColumnNameError
 from safeds.data.tabular.transformation._table_transformer import (
     InvertibleTableTransformer,
 )
+from safeds.exceptions import TransformerNotFittedError, UnknownColumnNameError
 
 
 class OneHotEncoder(InvertibleTableTransformer):

src/safeds/data/tabular/typing/_schema.py

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import UnknownColumnNameError
 from safeds.data.tabular.typing._column_type import ColumnType
+from safeds.exceptions import UnknownColumnNameError
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     import pandas as pd

src/safeds/exceptions/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+"""Custom exceptions that can be raised by Safe-DS."""
+
+from safeds.exceptions._data import (
+    ColumnLengthMismatchError,
+    ColumnSizeError,
+    DuplicateColumnNameError,
+    IndexOutOfBoundsError,
+    NonNumericColumnError,
+    SchemaMismatchError,
+    TransformerNotFittedError,
+    UnknownColumnNameError,
+)
+from safeds.exceptions._ml import (
+    DatasetContainsTargetError,
+    DatasetMissesFeaturesError,
+    LearningError,
+    ModelNotFittedError,
+    PredictionError,
+    UntaggedTableError,
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    # Data exceptions
+    "ColumnLengthMismatchError",
+    "ColumnSizeError",
+    "DuplicateColumnNameError",
+    "IndexOutOfBoundsError",
+    "NonNumericColumnError",
+    "SchemaMismatchError",
+    "TransformerNotFittedError",
+    "UnknownColumnNameError",
+    # ML exceptions
+    "DatasetContainsTargetError",
+    "DatasetMissesFeaturesError",
+    "LearningError",
+    "ModelNotFittedError",
+    "PredictionError",
+    "UntaggedTableError",
+]

src/safeds/ml/classical/_util_sklearn.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 from typing import Any
 
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Table, TaggedTable
-from safeds.ml.exceptions import (
+from safeds.exceptions import (
     DatasetContainsTargetError,
     DatasetMissesFeaturesError,
     LearningError,

src/safeds/ml/classical/classification/_classifier.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score as sk_accuracy_score
 
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Table, TaggedTable
-from safeds.ml.exceptions import UntaggedTableError
+from safeds.exceptions import UntaggedTableError
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from typing import Any

src/safeds/ml/classical/regression/_regressor.py

@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@
 from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error as sk_mean_squared_error
 
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column, Table, TaggedTable
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import ColumnLengthMismatchError
-from safeds.ml.exceptions import UntaggedTableError
+from safeds.exceptions import ColumnLengthMismatchError, UntaggedTableError
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from sklearn.base import RegressorMixin

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_column/test_correlation_with.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import ColumnLengthMismatchError, NonNumericColumnError
+from safeds.exceptions import ColumnLengthMismatchError, NonNumericColumnError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_column/test_get_value.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import IndexOutOfBoundsError
+from safeds.exceptions import IndexOutOfBoundsError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_column/test_getitem.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import IndexOutOfBoundsError
+from safeds.exceptions import IndexOutOfBoundsError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_column/test_idness.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import ColumnSizeError
+from safeds.exceptions import ColumnSizeError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_column/test_maximum.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
+from safeds.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_column/test_mean.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
+from safeds.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_column/test_median.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
+from safeds.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_column/test_minimum.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
+from safeds.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_column/test_missing_value_ratio.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import ColumnSizeError
+from safeds.exceptions import ColumnSizeError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_column/test_plot_boxplot.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.image.containers import Image
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Table
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
+from safeds.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
 
 from tests.helpers import resolve_resource_path
 

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_column/test_stability.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import ColumnSizeError
+from safeds.exceptions import ColumnSizeError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_column/test_standard_deviation.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
+from safeds.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_column/test_sum.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
+from safeds.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_column/test_variance.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
+from safeds.exceptions import NonNumericColumnError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_table/test_add_column.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column, Table
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import ColumnSizeError, DuplicateColumnNameError
+from safeds.exceptions import ColumnSizeError, DuplicateColumnNameError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_table/test_add_columns.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column, Table
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import ColumnSizeError, DuplicateColumnNameError
+from safeds.exceptions import ColumnSizeError, DuplicateColumnNameError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_table/test_add_row.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import pytest
 from _pytest.python_api import raises
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Row, Table
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import SchemaMismatchError
+from safeds.exceptions import SchemaMismatchError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_table/test_add_rows.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Row, Table
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import SchemaMismatchError
+from safeds.exceptions import SchemaMismatchError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_table/test_from_columns.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column, Table
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import ColumnLengthMismatchError
+from safeds.exceptions import ColumnLengthMismatchError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_table/test_from_dict.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Table
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import ColumnLengthMismatchError
+from safeds.exceptions import ColumnLengthMismatchError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_table/test_from_rows.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Row, Table
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import SchemaMismatchError
+from safeds.exceptions import SchemaMismatchError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_table/test_get_column.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Column, Table
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import UnknownColumnNameError
+from safeds.exceptions import UnknownColumnNameError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(

tests/safeds/data/tabular/containers/_table/test_get_row.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 from safeds.data.tabular.containers import Row, Table
-from safeds.data.tabular.exceptions import IndexOutOfBoundsError
+from safeds.exceptions import IndexOutOfBoundsError
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(