feat: IVC bench (AztecProtocol#4515)

Adds benchmark suite for the PG-Goblin client IVC scheme. The only real
caveat is that we only consider function circuits of size 2^17 since our
PG code doesn't support folding unequal sizes.

Results at present:
```
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark                       Time             CPU   Iterations
-----------------------------------------------------------------
IvcBench/Full/6             66891 ms        63569 ms            1
```

---------

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/benchmark/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
+add_subdirectory(basics_bench)
 add_subdirectory(decrypt_bench)
+add_subdirectory(goblin_bench)
 add_subdirectory(ipa_bench)
+add_subdirectory(ivc_bench)
 add_subdirectory(pippenger_bench)
 add_subdirectory(plonk_bench)
-add_subdirectory(ultra_bench)
-add_subdirectory(goblin_bench)
-add_subdirectory(basics_bench)
+add_subdirectory(protogalaxy_bench)
 add_subdirectory(relations_bench)
-add_subdirectory(widgets_bench)
-add_subdirectory(protogalaxy_bench)
+add_subdirectory(ultra_bench)
+add_subdirectory(widgets_bench)

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/benchmark/goblin_bench/goblin.bench.cpp

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class GoblinBench : public benchmark::Fixture {
             // Construct and accumulate the mock kernel circuit
             // Note: in first round, kernel_accum is empty since there is no previous kernel to recursively verify
             GoblinUltraCircuitBuilder circuit_builder{ goblin.op_queue };
-            GoblinMockCircuits::construct_mock_kernel_circuit(circuit_builder, function_accum, kernel_accum);
+            GoblinMockCircuits::construct_mock_recursion_kernel_circuit(circuit_builder, function_accum, kernel_accum);
             kernel_accum = goblin.accumulate(circuit_builder);
         }
     }

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/benchmark/ivc_bench/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+barretenberg_module(ivc_bench client_ivc stdlib_recursion stdlib_sha256 stdlib_merkle_tree stdlib_primitives)

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/benchmark/ivc_bench/ivc.bench.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+
+#include <benchmark/benchmark.h>
+
+#include "barretenberg/benchmark/ultra_bench/mock_proofs.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/client_ivc/client_ivc.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/common/op_count_google_bench.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/goblin/goblin.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/goblin/mock_circuits.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/proof_system/circuit_builder/ultra_circuit_builder.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/ultra_honk/ultra_composer.hpp"
+
+using namespace benchmark;
+using namespace bb;
+
+namespace {
+
+/**
+ * @brief Benchmark suite for the aztec client PG-Goblin IVC scheme
+ *
+ */
+class IvcBench : public benchmark::Fixture {
+  public:
+    using Builder = GoblinUltraCircuitBuilder;
+
+    // Number of function circuits to accumulate(based on Zacs target numbers)
+    static constexpr size_t NUM_ITERATIONS_MEDIUM_COMPLEXITY = 6;
+
+    void SetUp([[maybe_unused]] const ::benchmark::State& state) override
+    {
+        bb::srs::init_crs_factory("../srs_db/ignition");
+        bb::srs::init_grumpkin_crs_factory("../srs_db/grumpkin");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Perform a specified number of function circuit accumulation rounds
+     * @details Each round "accumulates" a mock function circuit and a mock kernel circuit. Each round thus consists of
+     * the generation of two circuits, two folding proofs and two Merge proofs. To match the sizes called out in the
+     * spec
+     * (https://github.com/AztecProtocol/aztec-packages/blob/master/yellow-paper/docs/cryptography/performance-targets.md)
+     * we set the size of the function circuit to be 2^17. The first one should be 2^19 but we can't currently support
+     * folding circuits of unequal size.
+     *
+     */
+    static void perform_ivc_accumulation_rounds(State& state, ClientIVC& ivc)
+    {
+        // Initialize IVC with function circuit
+        Builder function_circuit{ ivc.goblin.op_queue };
+        GoblinMockCircuits::construct_mock_function_circuit(function_circuit);
+        ivc.initialize(function_circuit);
+
+        // Accumulate kernel circuit (first kernel mocked as simple circuit since no folding proofs yet)
+        Builder kernel_circuit{ ivc.goblin.op_queue };
+        GoblinMockCircuits::construct_mock_function_circuit(kernel_circuit);
+        auto kernel_fold_proof = ivc.accumulate(kernel_circuit);
+
+        auto NUM_CIRCUITS = static_cast<size_t>(state.range(0));
+        NUM_CIRCUITS -= 1; // Subtract one to account for the "initialization" round above
+        for (size_t circuit_idx = 0; circuit_idx < NUM_CIRCUITS; ++circuit_idx) {
+
+            // Accumulate function circuit
+            Builder function_circuit{ ivc.goblin.op_queue };
+            GoblinMockCircuits::construct_mock_function_circuit(function_circuit);
+            auto function_fold_proof = ivc.accumulate(function_circuit);
+
+            // Accumulate kernel circuit
+            Builder kernel_circuit{ ivc.goblin.op_queue };
+            GoblinMockCircuits::construct_mock_folding_kernel(kernel_circuit, function_fold_proof, kernel_fold_proof);
+            auto kernel_fold_proof = ivc.accumulate(kernel_circuit);
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+/**
+ * @brief Benchmark the prover work for the full PG-Goblin IVC protocol
+ *
+ */
+BENCHMARK_DEFINE_F(IvcBench, Full)(benchmark::State& state)
+{
+    ClientIVC ivc;
+
+    for (auto _ : state) {
+        BB_REPORT_OP_COUNT_IN_BENCH(state);
+        // Perform a specified number of iterations of function/kernel accumulation
+        perform_ivc_accumulation_rounds(state, ivc);
+
+        // Construct IVC scheme proof (fold, decider, merge, eccvm, translator)
+        ivc.prove();
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Benchmark only the accumulation rounds
+ *
+ */
+BENCHMARK_DEFINE_F(IvcBench, Accumulate)(benchmark::State& state)
+{
+    ClientIVC ivc;
+
+    // Perform a specified number of iterations of function/kernel accumulation
+    for (auto _ : state) {
+        perform_ivc_accumulation_rounds(state, ivc);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Benchmark only the Decider component
+ *
+ */
+BENCHMARK_DEFINE_F(IvcBench, Decide)(benchmark::State& state)
+{
+    ClientIVC ivc;
+
+    BB_REPORT_OP_COUNT_IN_BENCH(state);
+    // Perform a specified number of iterations of function/kernel accumulation
+    perform_ivc_accumulation_rounds(state, ivc);
+
+    // Construct eccvm proof, measure only translator proof construction
+    for (auto _ : state) {
+        ivc.decider_prove();
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Benchmark only the ECCVM component
+ *
+ */
+BENCHMARK_DEFINE_F(IvcBench, ECCVM)(benchmark::State& state)
+{
+    ClientIVC ivc;
+
+    BB_REPORT_OP_COUNT_IN_BENCH(state);
+    // Perform a specified number of iterations of function/kernel accumulation
+    perform_ivc_accumulation_rounds(state, ivc);
+
+    // Construct and measure eccvm only
+    for (auto _ : state) {
+        ivc.goblin.prove_eccvm();
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Benchmark only the Translator component
+ *
+ */
+BENCHMARK_DEFINE_F(IvcBench, Translator)(benchmark::State& state)
+{
+    ClientIVC ivc;
+
+    BB_REPORT_OP_COUNT_IN_BENCH(state);
+    // Perform a specified number of iterations of function/kernel accumulation
+    perform_ivc_accumulation_rounds(state, ivc);
+
+    // Construct eccvm proof, measure only translator proof construction
+    ivc.goblin.prove_eccvm();
+    for (auto _ : state) {
+        ivc.goblin.prove_translator();
+    }
+}
+
+#define ARGS                                                                                                           \
+    Arg(IvcBench::NUM_ITERATIONS_MEDIUM_COMPLEXITY)                                                                    \
+        ->Arg(1 << 0)                                                                                                  \
+        ->Arg(1 << 1)                                                                                                  \
+        ->Arg(1 << 2)                                                                                                  \
+        ->Arg(1 << 3)                                                                                                  \
+        ->Arg(1 << 4)                                                                                                  \
+        ->Arg(1 << 5)                                                                                                  \
+        ->Arg(1 << 6)
+
+BENCHMARK_REGISTER_F(IvcBench, Full)->Unit(benchmark::kMillisecond)->ARGS;
+BENCHMARK_REGISTER_F(IvcBench, Accumulate)->Unit(benchmark::kMillisecond)->ARGS;
+BENCHMARK_REGISTER_F(IvcBench, Decide)->Unit(benchmark::kMillisecond)->ARGS;
+BENCHMARK_REGISTER_F(IvcBench, ECCVM)->Unit(benchmark::kMillisecond)->ARGS;
+BENCHMARK_REGISTER_F(IvcBench, Translator)->Unit(benchmark::kMillisecond)->ARGS;
+
+} // namespace
+
+BENCHMARK_MAIN();

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/client_ivc/client_ivc.cpp

@@ -46,14 +46,7 @@ ClientIVC::FoldProof ClientIVC::accumulate(ClientCircuit& circuit)
  */
 ClientIVC::Proof ClientIVC::prove()
 {
-    // Construct Goblin proof (merge, eccvm, translator)
-    auto goblin_proof = goblin.prove();
-
-    // Construct decider proof for the final accumulator
-    Composer composer;
-    auto decider_prover = composer.create_decider_prover(fold_output.accumulator);
-    auto decider_proof = decider_prover.construct_proof();
-    return { goblin_proof, fold_output.folding_data, decider_proof };
+    return { fold_output.folding_data, decider_prove(), goblin.prove() };
 }
 
 /**
@@ -76,4 +69,17 @@ bool ClientIVC::verify(Proof& proof)
     bool decision = decider_verifier.verify_proof(proof.decider_proof);
     return goblin_verified && folding_verified && decision;
 }
+
+/**
+ * @brief Internal method for constructing a decider proof
+ *
+ * @return HonkProof
+ */
+HonkProof ClientIVC::decider_prove() const
+{
+    Composer composer;
+    auto decider_prover = composer.create_decider_prover(fold_output.accumulator);
+    return decider_prover.construct_proof();
+}
+
 } // namespace bb

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/client_ivc/client_ivc.hpp

@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ class ClientIVC {
 
     // A full proof for the IVC scheme
     struct Proof {
-        Goblin::Proof goblin_proof;
         FoldProof fold_proof; // final fold proof
         HonkProof decider_proof;
+        Goblin::Proof goblin_proof;
     };
 
   private:
@@ -46,5 +46,7 @@ class ClientIVC {
     Proof prove();
 
     bool verify(Proof& proof);
+
+    HonkProof decider_prove() const;
 };
 } // namespace bb

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/client_ivc/mock_kernel_pinning.test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#include "barretenberg/client_ivc/client_ivc.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/goblin/mock_circuits.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/proof_system/circuit_builder/goblin_ultra_circuit_builder.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/ultra_honk/ultra_composer.hpp"
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+using namespace bb;
+
+/**
+ * @brief For benchmarking, we want to be sure that our mocking functions create circuits of a known size. We control
+ * this, to the degree that matters for proof construction time, using these "pinning tests" that fix values.
+ *
+ */
+class MockKernelTest : public ::testing::Test {
+  protected:
+    static void SetUpTestSuite() { srs::init_crs_factory("../srs_db/ignition"); }
+};
+
+TEST_F(MockKernelTest, PinFoldingKernelSizes)
+{
+    ClientIVC ivc;
+
+    // Accumulate three circuits to generate two folding proofs for input to folding kernel
+    GoblinUltraCircuitBuilder circuit_1{ ivc.goblin.op_queue };
+    GoblinMockCircuits::construct_mock_function_circuit(circuit_1);
+    ivc.initialize(circuit_1);
+
+    GoblinUltraCircuitBuilder circuit_2{ ivc.goblin.op_queue };
+    GoblinMockCircuits::construct_mock_function_circuit(circuit_2);
+    auto fold_proof_1 = ivc.accumulate(circuit_2);
+
+    GoblinUltraCircuitBuilder circuit_3{ ivc.goblin.op_queue };
+    GoblinMockCircuits::construct_mock_function_circuit(circuit_3);
+    auto fold_proof_2 = ivc.accumulate(circuit_3);
+
+    // Construct kernel circuit
+    GoblinUltraCircuitBuilder kernel_circuit{ ivc.goblin.op_queue };
+    GoblinMockCircuits::construct_mock_folding_kernel(kernel_circuit, fold_proof_1, fold_proof_2);
+    GoblinUltraComposer composer;
+    auto instance = composer.create_instance(kernel_circuit);
+    EXPECT_EQ(instance->proving_key->log_circuit_size, 17);
+}

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/goblin/mock_circuits.hpp

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "barretenberg/stdlib/merkle_tree/merkle_tree.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/stdlib/primitives/curves/secp256k1.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/stdlib/primitives/packed_byte_array/packed_byte_array.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/stdlib/recursion/honk/verifier/protogalaxy_recursive_verifier.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/stdlib/recursion/honk/verifier/ultra_recursive_verifier.hpp"
 
 namespace bb {
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ class GoblinMockCircuits {
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Construct a size 2^17 mock kernel circuit for benchmarking
+     * @brief Construct a size 2^17 mock kernel circuit based on vanilla recursion for benchmarking
      * @details This circuit contains (1) some arbitrary operations representing general kernel logic, (2) recursive
      * verification of a function circuit proof, and optionally (3) recursive verification of a previous kernel circuit
      * proof. The arbitrary kernel logic is structured to bring the final dyadic circuit size of the kernel to 2^17.
@@ -174,9 +175,9 @@ class GoblinMockCircuits {
      * @param function_accum {proof, vkey} for function circuit to be recursively verified
      * @param prev_kernel_accum {proof, vkey} for previous kernel circuit to be recursively verified
      */
-    static void construct_mock_kernel_circuit(GoblinUltraBuilder& builder,
-                                              const KernelInput& function_accum,
-                                              const KernelInput& prev_kernel_accum)
+    static void construct_mock_recursion_kernel_circuit(GoblinUltraBuilder& builder,
+                                                        const KernelInput& function_accum,
+                                                        const KernelInput& prev_kernel_accum)
     {
         // Add operations representing general kernel logic e.g. state updates. Note: these are structured to make the
         // kernel "full" within the dyadic size 2^17 (130914 gates)
@@ -198,6 +199,42 @@ class GoblinMockCircuits {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Construct a mock kernel circuit based on folding
+     * @details This circuit contains (1) some arbitrary operations representing general kernel logic, (2) recursive
+     * folding verification of a function circuit folding proof, and (3) recursive folding verification of a previous
+     * kernel circuit folding proof. The arbitrary kernel logic is structured to bring the final dyadic circuit size of
+     * the kernel to 2^17.
+     *
+     * @param builder
+     * @param function_fold_proof
+     * @param kernel_fold_proof
+     */
+    static void construct_mock_folding_kernel(GoblinUltraBuilder& builder,
+                                              const std::vector<FF>& function_fold_proof,
+                                              const std::vector<FF>& kernel_fold_proof)
+    {
+        using GURecursiveFlavor = GoblinUltraRecursiveFlavor_<GoblinUltraBuilder>;
+        using RecursiveVerifierInstances = ::bb::VerifierInstances_<GURecursiveFlavor, 2>;
+        using FoldingRecursiveVerifier =
+            bb::stdlib::recursion::honk::ProtoGalaxyRecursiveVerifier_<RecursiveVerifierInstances>;
+
+        // Add operations representing general kernel logic e.g. state updates. Note: these are structured to make the
+        // kernel "full" within the dyadic size 2^17 (130914 gates)
+        const size_t NUM_MERKLE_CHECKS = 20;
+        const size_t NUM_ECDSA_VERIFICATIONS = 1;
+        const size_t NUM_SHA_HASHES = 1;
+        stdlib::generate_merkle_membership_test_circuit(builder, NUM_MERKLE_CHECKS);
+        stdlib::generate_ecdsa_verification_test_circuit(builder, NUM_ECDSA_VERIFICATIONS);
+        stdlib::generate_sha256_test_circuit(builder, NUM_SHA_HASHES);
+
+        FoldingRecursiveVerifier verifier_1{ &builder };
+        verifier_1.verify_folding_proof(function_fold_proof);
+
+        FoldingRecursiveVerifier verifier_2{ &builder };
+        verifier_2.verify_folding_proof(kernel_fold_proof);
+    }
+
     /**
      * @brief A minimal version of the mock kernel (recursive verifiers only) for faster testing
      *

barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/goblin/mock_circuits_pinning.test.cpp

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ TEST_F(MockCircuits, PinFunctionSizes)
     run_test(false);
 }
 
-TEST_F(MockCircuits, PinKernelSizes)
+TEST_F(MockCircuits, PinRecursionKernelSizes)
 {
     const auto run_test = [](bool large) {
         {
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ TEST_F(MockCircuits, PinKernelSizes)
             GoblinMockCircuits::construct_mock_function_circuit(app_circuit, large);
             auto function_accum = goblin.accumulate(app_circuit);
             GoblinUltraCircuitBuilder kernel_circuit{ goblin.op_queue };
-            GoblinMockCircuits::construct_mock_kernel_circuit(kernel_circuit, function_accum, kernel_accum);
+            GoblinMockCircuits::construct_mock_recursion_kernel_circuit(kernel_circuit, function_accum, kernel_accum);
             GoblinUltraComposer composer;
             auto instance = composer.create_instance(kernel_circuit);
             if (large) {