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wiringPi.c
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wiringPi.c
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/*
* wiringPi:
* Arduino look-a-like Wiring library for the Raspberry Pi
* Copyright (c) 2012-2024 Gordon Henderson and contributors
* Additional code for pwmSetClock by Chris Hall <chris@kchall.plus.com>
*
* Thanks to code samples from Gert Jan van Loo and the
* BCM2835 ARM Peripherals manual, however it's missing
* the clock section /grr/mutter/
***********************************************************************
* This file is part of wiringPi:
* https://github.com/WiringPi/WiringPi
*
* wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
* published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
* License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with wiringPi.
* If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
***********************************************************************
*/
// Revisions:
// 19 Jul 2012:
// Moved to the LGPL
// Added an abstraction layer to the main routines to save a tiny
// bit of run-time and make the clode a little cleaner (if a little
// larger)
// Added waitForInterrupt code
// Added piHiPri code
//
// 9 Jul 2012:
// Added in support to use the /sys/class/gpio interface.
// 2 Jul 2012:
// Fixed a few more bugs to do with range-checking when in GPIO mode.
// 11 Jun 2012:
// Fixed some typos.
// Added c++ support for the .h file
// Added a new function to allow for using my "pin" numbers, or native
// GPIO pin numbers.
// Removed my busy-loop delay and replaced it with a call to delayMicroseconds
//
// 02 May 2012:
// Added in the 2 UART pins
// Change maxPins to numPins to more accurately reflect purpose
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <asm/ioctl.h>
#include "softPwm.h"
#include "softTone.h"
#include "wiringPi.h"
#include "../version.h"
// Environment Variables
#define ENV_DEBUG "WIRINGPI_DEBUG"
#define ENV_CODES "WIRINGPI_CODES"
#define ENV_GPIOMEM "WIRINGPI_GPIOMEM"
// Extend wiringPi with other pin-based devices and keep track of
// them in this structure
struct wiringPiNodeStruct *wiringPiNodes = NULL ;
// BCM Magic
#define BCM_PASSWORD 0x5A000000
// The BCM2835 has 54 GPIO pins.
// BCM2835 data sheet, Page 90 onwards.
// There are 6 control registers, each control the functions of a block
// of 10 pins.
// Each control register has 10 sets of 3 bits per GPIO pin - the ALT values
//
// 000 = GPIO Pin X is an input
// 001 = GPIO Pin X is an output
// 100 = GPIO Pin X takes alternate function 0
// 101 = GPIO Pin X takes alternate function 1
// 110 = GPIO Pin X takes alternate function 2
// 111 = GPIO Pin X takes alternate function 3
// 011 = GPIO Pin X takes alternate function 4
// 010 = GPIO Pin X takes alternate function 5
//
// So the 3 bits for port X are:
// X / 10 + ((X % 10) * 3)
// Port function select bits
#define FSEL_INPT 0b000
#define FSEL_OUTP 0b001
#define FSEL_ALT0 0b100
#define FSEL_ALT1 0b101
#define FSEL_ALT2 0b110
#define FSEL_ALT3 0b111
#define FSEL_ALT4 0b011
#define FSEL_ALT5 0b010
//RP1 chip (@Pi5) - 3.1.1. Function select
#define RP1_FSEL_ALT0 0x00
#define RP1_FSEL_GPIO 0x05 //SYS_RIO
#define RP1_FSEL_NONE 0x09
#define RP1_FSEL_NONE_HW 0x1f //default, mask
//RP1 chip (@Pi5) RIO address
const unsigned int RP1_RIO_OUT = 0x0000;
const unsigned int RP1_RIO_OE = (0x0004/4);
const unsigned int RP1_RIO_IN = (0x0008/4);
//RP1 chip (@Pi5) RIO offset for set/clear value
const unsigned int RP1_SET_OFFSET = (0x2000/4);
const unsigned int RP1_CLR_OFFSET = (0x3000/4);
//RP1 chip (@Pi5) PDE/PDU pull-up/-down enable
const unsigned int RP1_PUD_UP = (1<<3);
const unsigned int RP1_PUD_DOWN = (1<<2);
const unsigned int RP1_INV_PUD_MASK = ~(RP1_PUD_UP | RP1_PUD_DOWN); //~0x0C
//RP1 chip (@Pi5) pin level, status register
const unsigned int RP1_STATUS_LEVEL_LOW = 0x00400000;
const unsigned int RP1_STATUS_LEVEL_HIGH = 0x00800000;
const unsigned int RP1_STATUS_LEVEL_MASK = 0x00C00000;
const unsigned int RP1_DEBOUNCE_DEFAULT_VALUE = 4;
const unsigned int RP1_DEBOUNCE_MASK = 0x7f;
const unsigned int RP1_DEBOUNCE_DEFAULT = (RP1_DEBOUNCE_DEFAULT_VALUE << 5);
const unsigned int RP1_PAD_DEFAULT_0TO8 = (0x0B | 0x70); //Slewfast, Schmitt, PullUp, | 12mA, Input enable
const unsigned int RP1_PAD_DEFAULT_FROM9 = (0x07 | 0x70); //Slewfast, Schmitt, PullDown, | 12mA, Input enable
const unsigned int RP1_PAD_DRIVE_MASK = 0x00000030;
const unsigned int RP1_INV_PAD_DRIVE_MASK = ~(RP1_PAD_DRIVE_MASK);
//RP1 chip (@Pi5) address
const unsigned long long RP1_64_BASE_Addr = 0x1f000d0000;
const unsigned int RP1_BASE_Addr = 0x40000000;
const unsigned int RP1_PWM0_Addr = 0x40098000; // Adress is not mapped to gpiomem device!
const unsigned int RP1_IO0_Addr = 0x400d0000;
const unsigned int RP1_SYS_RIO0_Addr = 0x400e0000;
const unsigned int RP1_PADS0_Addr = 0x400f0000;
// Access from ARM Running Linux
// Taken from Gert/Doms code. Some of this is not in the manual
// that I can find )-:
//
// Updates in September 2015 - all now static variables (and apologies for the caps)
// due to the Pi v2, v3, etc. and the new /dev/gpiomem interface
const char* gpiomem_global = "/dev/mem";
const char* gpiomem_BCM = "/dev/gpiomem";
const char* gpiomem_RP1 = "/dev/gpiomem0";
const int gpiomem_RP1_Size = 0x00030000;
// PCIe Memory access, static define - maybe needed to detect in future
//dmesg: rp1 0000:01:00.0: bar1 len 0x400000, start 0x1f00000000, end 0x1f003fffff, flags, 0x40200
const char* pciemem_RP1_path = "/sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0";
const char* pciemem_RP1 = "/sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/resource1";
const int pciemem_RP1_Size = 0x00400000;
const unsigned short pciemem_RP1_Ventor= 0x1de4;
const unsigned short pciemem_RP1_Device= 0x0001;
static volatile unsigned int GPIO_PADS ;
static volatile unsigned int GPIO_CLOCK_BASE ;
static volatile unsigned int GPIO_BASE ;
static volatile unsigned int GPIO_TIMER ;
static volatile unsigned int GPIO_PWM ;
static volatile unsigned int GPIO_RIO ;
#define PAGE_SIZE (4*1024)
#define BLOCK_SIZE (4*1024)
static unsigned int usingGpioMem = FALSE ;
static int wiringPiSetuped = FALSE ;
// PWM
// Word offsets into the PWM control region
#define PWM_CONTROL 0
#define PWM_STATUS 1
#define PWM0_RANGE 4
#define PWM0_DATA 5
#define PWM1_RANGE 8
#define PWM1_DATA 9
// Clock regsiter offsets
#define PWMCLK_CNTL 40
#define PWMCLK_DIV 41
#define PWM0_MS_MODE 0x0080 // Run in MS mode
#define PWM0_USEFIFO 0x0020 // Data from FIFO
#define PWM0_REVPOLAR 0x0010 // Reverse polarity
#define PWM0_OFFSTATE 0x0008 // Ouput Off state
#define PWM0_REPEATFF 0x0004 // Repeat last value if FIFO empty
#define PWM0_SERIAL 0x0002 // Run in serial mode
#define PWM0_ENABLE 0x0001 // Channel Enable
#define PWM1_MS_MODE 0x8000 // Run in MS mode
#define PWM1_USEFIFO 0x2000 // Data from FIFO
#define PWM1_REVPOLAR 0x1000 // Reverse polarity
#define PWM1_OFFSTATE 0x0800 // Ouput Off state
#define PWM1_REPEATFF 0x0400 // Repeat last value if FIFO empty
#define PWM1_SERIAL 0x0200 // Run in serial mode
#define PWM1_ENABLE 0x0100 // Channel Enable
// Timer
// Word offsets
#define TIMER_LOAD (0x400 >> 2)
#define TIMER_VALUE (0x404 >> 2)
#define TIMER_CONTROL (0x408 >> 2)
#define TIMER_IRQ_CLR (0x40C >> 2)
#define TIMER_IRQ_RAW (0x410 >> 2)
#define TIMER_IRQ_MASK (0x414 >> 2)
#define TIMER_RELOAD (0x418 >> 2)
#define TIMER_PRE_DIV (0x41C >> 2)
#define TIMER_COUNTER (0x420 >> 2)
// Locals to hold pointers to the hardware
static volatile unsigned int *base ;
static volatile unsigned int *gpio ;
static volatile unsigned int *pwm ;
static volatile unsigned int *clk ;
static volatile unsigned int *pads ;
static volatile unsigned int *timer ;
static volatile unsigned int *timerIrqRaw ;
static volatile unsigned int *rio ;
// Export variables for the hardware pointers
volatile unsigned int *_wiringPiBase ;
volatile unsigned int *_wiringPiGpio ;
volatile unsigned int *_wiringPiPwm ;
volatile unsigned int *_wiringPiClk ;
volatile unsigned int *_wiringPiPads ;
volatile unsigned int *_wiringPiTimer ;
volatile unsigned int *_wiringPiTimerIrqRaw ;
volatile unsigned int *_wiringPiRio ;
// Data for use with the boardId functions.
// The order of entries here to correspond with the PI_MODEL_X
// and PI_VERSION_X defines in wiringPi.h
// Only intended for the gpio command - use at your own risk!
// piGpioBase:
// The base address of the GPIO memory mapped hardware IO
#define GPIO_PERI_BASE_OLD 0x20000000
#define GPIO_PERI_BASE_2835 0x3F000000
#define GPIO_PERI_BASE_2711 0xFE000000
#define GPIO_PERI_BASE_2712 0x00 //unknown - 32-bit mapped global mem access not supported for now
static volatile unsigned int piGpioBase = 0 ;
const char *piModelNames [24] =
{
"Model A", // 0
"Model B", // 1
"Model A+", // 2
"Model B+", // 3
"Pi 2", // 4
"Alpha", // 5
"CM", // 6
"Unknown07", // 07
"Pi 3", // 08
"Pi Zero", // 09
"CM3", // 10
"Unknown11", // 11
"Pi Zero-W", // 12
"Pi 3B+", // 13
"Pi 3A+", // 14
"Unknown15", // 15
"CM3+", // 16
"Pi 4B", // 17
"Pi Zero2-W", // 18
"Pi 400", // 19
"CM4", // 20
"CM4S", // 21
"Unknown22", // 22
"Pi 5", // 23
} ;
const char *piProcessor [5] =
{
"BCM2835",
"BCM2836",
"BCM2837",
"BCM2711",
"BCM2712",
} ;
const char *piRevisionNames [16] =
{
"00",
"01",
"02",
"03",
"04",
"05",
"06",
"07",
"08",
"09",
"10",
"11",
"12",
"13",
"14",
"15",
} ;
const char *piMakerNames [16] =
{
"Sony", // 0
"Egoman", // 1
"Embest", // 2
"Unknown",// 3
"Embest", // 4
"Stadium",// 5
"Unknown06", // 6
"Unknown07", // 7
"Unknown08", // 8
"Unknown09", // 9
"Unknown10", // 10
"Unknown11", // 11
"Unknown12", // 12
"Unknown13", // 13
"Unknown14", // 14
"Unknown15", // 15
} ;
const int piMemorySize [8] =
{
256, // 0
512, // 1
1024, // 2
2048, // 3
4096, // 4
8192, // 5
0, // 6
0, // 7
} ;
// Time for easy calculations
static uint64_t epochMilli, epochMicro ;
// Misc
static int wiringPiMode = WPI_MODE_UNINITIALISED ;
static volatile int pinPass = -1 ;
static pthread_mutex_t pinMutex ;
static int RaspberryPiModel = -1;
// Debugging & Return codes
int wiringPiDebug = FALSE ;
int wiringPiReturnCodes = FALSE ;
// Use /dev/gpiomem ?
int wiringPiTryGpioMem = FALSE ;
// sysFds:
// Map a file descriptor from the /sys/class/gpio/gpioX/value
static int sysFds [64] =
{
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
} ;
// ISR Data
static void (*isrFunctions [64])(void) ;
// Doing it the Arduino way with lookup tables...
// Yes, it's probably more innefficient than all the bit-twidling, but it
// does tend to make it all a bit clearer. At least to me!
// pinToGpio:
// Take a Wiring pin (0 through X) and re-map it to the BCM_GPIO pin
// Cope for 3 different board revisions here.
static int *pinToGpio ;
// Revision 1, 1.1:
static int pinToGpioR1 [64] =
{
17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 4, // From the Original Wiki - GPIO 0 through 7: wpi 0 - 7
0, 1, // I2C - SDA1, SCL1 wpi 8 - 9
8, 7, // SPI - CE1, CE0 wpi 10 - 11
10, 9, 11, // SPI - MOSI, MISO, SCLK wpi 12 - 14
14, 15, // UART - Tx, Rx wpi 15 - 16
// Padding:
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // ... 31
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // ... 47
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // ... 63
} ;
// Revision 2:
static int pinToGpioR2 [64] =
{
17, 18, 27, 22, 23, 24, 25, 4, // From the Original Wiki - GPIO 0 through 7: wpi 0 - 7
2, 3, // I2C - SDA0, SCL0 wpi 8 - 9
8, 7, // SPI - CE1, CE0 wpi 10 - 11
10, 9, 11, // SPI - MOSI, MISO, SCLK wpi 12 - 14
14, 15, // UART - Tx, Rx wpi 15 - 16
28, 29, 30, 31, // Rev 2: New GPIOs 8 though 11 wpi 17 - 20
5, 6, 13, 19, 26, // B+ wpi 21, 22, 23, 24, 25
12, 16, 20, 21, // B+ wpi 26, 27, 28, 29
0, 1, // B+ wpi 30, 31
// Padding:
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // ... 47
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // ... 63
} ;
// physToGpio:
// Take a physical pin (1 through 26) and re-map it to the BCM_GPIO pin
// Cope for 2 different board revisions here.
// Also add in the P5 connector, so the P5 pins are 3,4,5,6, so 53,54,55,56
static int *physToGpio ;
static int physToGpioR1 [64] =
{
-1, // 0
-1, -1, // 1, 2
0, -1,
1, -1,
4, 14,
-1, 15,
17, 18,
21, -1,
22, 23,
-1, 24,
10, -1,
9, 25,
11, 8,
-1, 7, // 25, 26
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // ... 31
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // ... 47
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // ... 63
} ;
static int physToGpioR2 [64] =
{
-1, // 0
-1, -1, // 1, 2
2, -1,
3, -1,
4, 14,
-1, 15,
17, 18,
27, -1,
22, 23,
-1, 24,
10, -1,
9, 25,
11, 8,
-1, 7, // 25, 26
// B+
0, 1,
5, -1,
6, 12,
13, -1,
19, 16,
26, 20,
-1, 21,
// the P5 connector on the Rev 2 boards:
-1, -1,
-1, -1,
-1, -1,
-1, -1,
-1, -1,
28, 29,
30, 31,
-1, -1,
-1, -1,
-1, -1,
-1, -1,
} ;
const int _5v=-1;
const int _0v=-1;
const int _3v=-1;
static int physToSysGPIOPi5 [41] =
{
-1, // 0
_3v, _5v, // 1, 2
401, _5v,
402, _0v,
403, 413,
_0v, 414,
416, 417,
426, _0v,
421, 422,
_3v, 423,
409, _0v,
408, 424,
410, 407,
_0v, 406,
399, 400,
404, _0v,
405, 411,
412, _0v,
418, 415,
425, 419,
_0v, 420, //39, 40
} ;
int GPIOToSysFS(const int pin) {
int sysfspin = pin;
if (RaspberryPiModel<0) { //need to detect pi model
int model, rev, mem, maker, overVolted ;
piBoardId (&model, &rev, &mem, &maker, &overVolted) ;
}
if (PI_MODEL_5 == RaspberryPiModel) {
sysfspin = pin + 399;
if (sysfspin<399 || sysfspin>426) { // only 399-426 supported, 40-pin GPIO header
sysfspin = -1;
}
}
if (wiringPiDebug)
printf ("GPIOToSysFS: translate bcm gpio %d to sysfs gpio %d\n", pin, sysfspin) ;
return sysfspin;
}
int GetMaxPin() {
return PI_MODEL_5 == RaspberryPiModel ? 27 : 63;
}
#define RETURN_ON_MODEL5 if (PI_MODEL_5 == RaspberryPiModel) { if (wiringPiDebug) printf("Function not supported on Pi5\n"); return; }
int FailOnModel5() {
if (PI_MODEL_5 == RaspberryPiModel) {
return wiringPiFailure (WPI_ALMOST, "Function not supported on Raspberry Pi 5.\n"
" Unable to continue. Keep an eye of new versions at https://github.com/wiringpi/wiringpi\n") ;
}
return 0;
}
// gpioToGPFSEL:
// Map a BCM_GPIO pin to it's Function Selection
// control port. (GPFSEL 0-5)
// Groups of 10 - 3 bits per Function - 30 bits per port
static uint8_t gpioToGPFSEL [] =
{
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,
3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,
4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,
5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,
} ;
// gpioToShift
// Define the shift up for the 3 bits per pin in each GPFSEL port
static uint8_t gpioToShift [] =
{
0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,
0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,
0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,
0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,
0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,
0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,
} ;
// gpioToGPSET:
// (Word) offset to the GPIO Set registers for each GPIO pin
static uint8_t gpioToGPSET [] =
{
7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7,
8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8,
} ;
// gpioToGPCLR:
// (Word) offset to the GPIO Clear registers for each GPIO pin
static uint8_t gpioToGPCLR [] =
{
10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,
11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,
} ;
// gpioToGPLEV:
// (Word) offset to the GPIO Input level registers for each GPIO pin
static uint8_t gpioToGPLEV [] =
{
13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,
14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,
} ;
#ifdef notYetReady
// gpioToEDS
// (Word) offset to the Event Detect Status
static uint8_t gpioToEDS [] =
{
16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,16,
17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,
} ;
// gpioToREN
// (Word) offset to the Rising edge ENable register
static uint8_t gpioToREN [] =
{
19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,
20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,
} ;
// gpioToFEN
// (Word) offset to the Falling edgde ENable register
static uint8_t gpioToFEN [] =
{
22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,22,
23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,23,
} ;
#endif
// GPPUD:
// GPIO Pin pull up/down register
#define GPPUD 37
/* 2711 has a different mechanism for pin pull-up/down/enable */
#define GPPUPPDN0 57 /* Pin pull-up/down for pins 15:0 */
#define GPPUPPDN1 58 /* Pin pull-up/down for pins 31:16 */
#define GPPUPPDN2 59 /* Pin pull-up/down for pins 47:32 */
#define GPPUPPDN3 60 /* Pin pull-up/down for pins 57:48 */
static volatile unsigned int piGpioPupOffset = 0 ;
// gpioToPUDCLK
// (Word) offset to the Pull Up Down Clock regsiter
static uint8_t gpioToPUDCLK [] =
{
38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,
39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,
} ;
// gpioToPwmALT
// the ALT value to put a GPIO pin into PWM mode
static uint8_t gpioToPwmALT [] =
{
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 0 -> 7
0, 0, 0, 0, FSEL_ALT0, FSEL_ALT0, 0, 0, // 8 -> 15
0, 0, FSEL_ALT5, FSEL_ALT5, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 16 -> 23
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 24 -> 31
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 32 -> 39
FSEL_ALT0, FSEL_ALT0, 0, 0, 0, FSEL_ALT0, 0, 0, // 40 -> 47
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 48 -> 55
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 56 -> 63
} ;
// gpioToPwmPort
// The port value to put a GPIO pin into PWM mode
static uint8_t gpioToPwmPort [] =
{
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 0 -> 7
0, 0, 0, 0, PWM0_DATA, PWM1_DATA, 0, 0, // 8 -> 15
0, 0, PWM0_DATA, PWM1_DATA, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 16 -> 23
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 24 -> 31
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 32 -> 39
PWM0_DATA, PWM1_DATA, 0, 0, 0, PWM1_DATA, 0, 0, // 40 -> 47
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 48 -> 55
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 56 -> 63
} ;
// gpioToGpClkALT:
// ALT value to put a GPIO pin into GP Clock mode.
// On the Pi we can really only use BCM_GPIO_4 and BCM_GPIO_21
// for clocks 0 and 1 respectively, however I'll include the full
// list for completeness - maybe one day...
#define GPIO_CLOCK_SOURCE 1
// gpioToGpClkALT0:
static uint8_t gpioToGpClkALT0 [] =
{
0, 0, 0, 0, FSEL_ALT0, FSEL_ALT0, FSEL_ALT0, 0, // 0 -> 7
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 8 -> 15
0, 0, 0, 0, FSEL_ALT5, FSEL_ALT5, 0, 0, // 16 -> 23
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 24 -> 31
FSEL_ALT0, 0, FSEL_ALT0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 32 -> 39
0, 0, FSEL_ALT0, FSEL_ALT0, FSEL_ALT0, 0, 0, 0, // 40 -> 47
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 48 -> 55
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 56 -> 63
} ;
// gpioToClk:
// (word) Offsets to the clock Control and Divisor register
static uint8_t gpioToClkCon [] =
{
-1, -1, -1, -1, 28, 30, 32, -1, // 0 -> 7
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // 8 -> 15
-1, -1, -1, -1, 28, 30, -1, -1, // 16 -> 23
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // 24 -> 31
28, -1, 28, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // 32 -> 39
-1, -1, 28, 30, 28, -1, -1, -1, // 40 -> 47
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // 48 -> 55
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // 56 -> 63
} ;
static uint8_t gpioToClkDiv [] =
{
-1, -1, -1, -1, 29, 31, 33, -1, // 0 -> 7
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // 8 -> 15
-1, -1, -1, -1, 29, 31, -1, -1, // 16 -> 23
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // 24 -> 31
29, -1, 29, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // 32 -> 39
-1, -1, 29, 31, 29, -1, -1, -1, // 40 -> 47
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // 48 -> 55
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, // 56 -> 63
} ;
/*
* Functions
*********************************************************************************
*/
/*
* wiringPiFailure:
* Fail. Or not.
*********************************************************************************
*/
int wiringPiFailure (int fatal, const char *message, ...)
{
va_list argp ;
char buffer [1024] ;
if (!fatal && wiringPiReturnCodes)
return -1 ;
va_start (argp, message) ;
vsnprintf (buffer, 1023, message, argp) ;
va_end (argp) ;
fprintf (stderr, "%s", buffer) ;
exit (EXIT_FAILURE) ;
return 0 ;
}
/*
* setupCheck
* Another sanity check because some users forget to call the setup
* function. Mosty because they need feeding C drip by drip )-:
*********************************************************************************
*/
static void setupCheck (const char *fName)
{
if (!wiringPiSetuped)
{
fprintf (stderr, "%s: You have not called one of the wiringPiSetup\n"
" functions, so I'm aborting your program before it crashes anyway.\n", fName) ;
exit (EXIT_FAILURE) ;
}
}
/*
* gpioMemCheck:
* See if we're using the /dev/gpiomem interface, if-so then some operations
* can't be done and will crash the Pi.
*********************************************************************************
*/
static void usingGpioMemCheck (const char *what)
{
if (usingGpioMem)
{
fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to do this when using /dev/gpiomem. Try sudo?\n", what) ;
exit (EXIT_FAILURE) ;
}
}
/*
* piGpioLayout:
* Return a number representing the hardware revision of the board.
* This is not strictly the board revision but is used to check the
* layout of the GPIO connector - and there are 2 types that we are
* really interested in here. The very earliest Pi's and the
* ones that came after that which switched some pins ....
*
* Revision 1 really means the early Model A and B's.
* Revision 2 is everything else - it covers the B, B+ and CM.
* ... and the Pi 2 - which is a B+ ++ ...
* ... and the Pi 0 - which is an A+ ...
*
* The main difference between the revision 1 and 2 system that I use here
* is the mapping of the GPIO pins. From revision 2, the Pi Foundation changed
* 3 GPIO pins on the (original) 26-way header - BCM_GPIO 22 was dropped and
* replaced with 27, and 0 + 1 - I2C bus 0 was changed to 2 + 3; I2C bus 1.
*
* Additionally, here we set the piModel2 flag too. This is again, nothing to
* do with the actual model, but the major version numbers - the GPIO base
* hardware address changed at model 2 and above (not the Zero though)
*
*********************************************************************************
*/
static void piGpioLayoutOops (const char *why)
{
fprintf (stderr, "Oops: Unable to determine board revision from /proc/cpuinfo\n") ;
fprintf (stderr, " -> %s\n", why) ;
fprintf (stderr, " -> You'd best google the error to find out why.\n") ;
//fprintf (stderr, " -> http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?p=184410#p184410\n") ;
exit (EXIT_FAILURE) ;
}
int piGpioLayout (void)
{
FILE *cpuFd ;
char line [120] ;
char *c ;
static int gpioLayout = -1 ;
if (gpioLayout != -1) // No point checking twice
return gpioLayout ;
if ((cpuFd = fopen ("/proc/cpuinfo", "r")) == NULL)
piGpioLayoutOops ("Unable to open /proc/cpuinfo") ;
#ifdef DONT_CARE_ANYMORE
// Start by looking for the Architecture to make sure we're really running
// on a Pi. I'm getting fed-up with people whinging at me because
// they can't get it to work on weirdFruitPi boards...
while (fgets (line, 120, cpuFd) != NULL)
if (strncmp (line, "Hardware", 8) == 0)
break ;
if (strncmp (line, "Hardware", 8) != 0)
piGpioLayoutOops ("No \"Hardware\" line") ;
if (wiringPiDebug)
printf ("piGpioLayout: Hardware: %s\n", line) ;
// See if it's BCM2708 or BCM2709 or the new BCM2835.
// OK. As of Kernel 4.8, we have BCM2835 only, regardless of model.
// However I still want to check because it will trap the cheapskates and rip-
// off merchants who want to use wiringPi on non-Raspberry Pi platforms - which
// I do not support so don't email me your bleating whinges about anything
// other than a genuine Raspberry Pi.
if (! (strstr (line, "BCM2708") || strstr (line, "BCM2709") || strstr (line, "BCM2835")))
{
fprintf (stderr, "Unable to determine hardware version. I see: %s,\n", line) ;
fprintf (stderr, " - expecting BCM2708, BCM2709 or BCM2835.\n") ;
fprintf (stderr, "If this is a genuine Raspberry Pi then please report this\n") ;
fprintf (stderr, "at GitHub.com/wiringPi/wiringPi. If this is not a Raspberry Pi then you\n") ;
fprintf (stderr, "are on your own as wiringPi is designed to support the\n") ;
fprintf (stderr, "Raspberry Pi ONLY.\n") ;
exit (EXIT_FAILURE) ;
}
// Actually... That has caused me more than 10,000 emails so-far. Mosty by
// people who think they know better by creating a statically linked
// version that will not run with a new 4.9 kernel. I utterly hate and
// despise those people.
//
// I also get bleats from people running other than Raspbian with another
// distros compiled kernel rather than a foundation compiled kernel, so
// this might actually help them. It might not - I only have the capacity
// to support Raspbian.
//
// However, I've decided to leave this check out and rely purely on the
// Revision: line for now. It will not work on a non-pi hardware or weird
// kernels that don't give you a suitable revision line.
// So - we're Probably on a Raspberry Pi. Check the revision field for the real
// hardware type
// In-future, I ought to use the device tree as there are now Pi entries in
// /proc/device-tree/ ...
// but I'll leave that for the next revision. Or the next.
#endif
// Isolate the Revision line
rewind (cpuFd) ;
while (fgets (line, 120, cpuFd) != NULL)
if (strncmp (line, "Revision", 8) == 0)
break ;
fclose (cpuFd) ;
if (strncmp (line, "Revision", 8) != 0)
piGpioLayoutOops ("No \"Revision\" line") ;
// Chomp trailing CR/NL
for (c = &line [strlen (line) - 1] ; (*c == '\n') || (*c == '\r') ; --c)
*c = 0 ;
if (wiringPiDebug)
printf ("piGpioLayout: Revision string: %s\n", line) ;
// Scan to the first character of the revision number
for (c = line ; *c ; ++c)
if (*c == ':')
break ;
if (*c != ':')
piGpioLayoutOops ("Bogus \"Revision\" line (no colon)") ;
// Chomp spaces
++c ;
while (isspace (*c))
++c ;
if (!isxdigit (*c))
piGpioLayoutOops ("Bogus \"Revision\" line (no hex digit at start of revision)") ;
// Make sure its long enough
if (strlen (c) < 4)
piGpioLayoutOops ("Bogus revision line (too small)") ;
// Isolate last 4 characters: (in-case of overvolting or new encoding scheme)
c = c + strlen (c) - 4 ;
if (wiringPiDebug)