Auto merge of rust-lang#23026 - nikomatsakis:issue-20220-supertrait, …

…r=nikomatsakis

The main gist of this PR is commit 1077efb which removes the list of supertraits from the `TraitDef` and pulls them into a separate table, which is accessed via `lookup_super_predicates`. This is analogous to `lookup_predicates`, which gets the complete where clause. This allows us to create the `TraitDef`, which contains the list generics and so forth, without fully knowing the list of supertraits. This in turn allows the *supertrait listing* to contain references to associated types like `<Self as Foo>::Item`, which were previously impossible because conversion required having the `TraitDef` for `Foo`.

We do not yet support `Self::Item` in a supertrait listing. This doesn't work because to convert that, it attempts to expand out the full set of supertraits, which are in the process of being created. This could potentially be worked out by having the expansion of supertraits proceed in a lazy fashion, but we'd have to define shadowing rules for associated types which we don't currently have.

Along the way (in 9de9ec5) I also removed the restriction against duplicate bounds and generalized the code so that it can handle having the same supertrait multiple times with different arguments, e.g. `Foo : Bar<i32> + Bar<u32>`. This restriction was serving no particular purpose, since the same trait could be extended multiple times indirectly, and in the era of multidispatch it is actively harmful.

This is technically a [breaking-change] because it affects the definition of a super-trait. Anything in a where clause that looks like `where Self : Foo` is now considered a supertrait. Because cycles are disallowed in supertraits, that could lead to some errors. This has not been observed in any existing code.

r? @nrc

src/librustc/metadata/common.rs

@@ -84,7 +84,6 @@ pub const tag_mod_impl: uint = 0x38;
 pub const tag_item_trait_item: uint = 0x39;
 
 pub const tag_item_trait_ref: uint = 0x3a;
-pub const tag_item_super_trait_ref: uint = 0x3b;
 
 // discriminator value for variants
 pub const tag_disr_val: uint = 0x3c;
@@ -221,8 +220,6 @@ pub const tag_struct_field_id: uint = 0x8b;
 
 pub const tag_attribute_is_sugared_doc: uint = 0x8c;
 
-pub const tag_trait_def_bounds: uint = 0x8d;
-
 pub const tag_items_data_region: uint = 0x8e;
 
 pub const tag_region_param_def: uint = 0x8f;
@@ -255,3 +252,5 @@ pub const tag_paren_sugar: uint = 0xa0;
 
 pub const tag_codemap: uint = 0xa1;
 pub const tag_codemap_filemap: uint = 0xa2;
+
+pub const tag_item_super_predicates: uint = 0xa3;

src/librustc/metadata/csearch.rs

@@ -175,14 +175,6 @@ pub fn get_provided_trait_methods<'tcx>(tcx: &ty::ctxt<'tcx>,
     decoder::get_provided_trait_methods(cstore.intr.clone(), &*cdata, def.node, tcx)
 }
 
-pub fn get_supertraits<'tcx>(tcx: &ty::ctxt<'tcx>,
-                             def: ast::DefId)
-                             -> Vec<Rc<ty::TraitRef<'tcx>>> {
-    let cstore = &tcx.sess.cstore;
-    let cdata = cstore.get_crate_data(def.krate);
-    decoder::get_supertraits(&*cdata, def.node, tcx)
-}
-
 pub fn get_type_name_if_impl(cstore: &cstore::CStore, def: ast::DefId)
                           -> Option<ast::Name> {
     let cdata = cstore.get_crate_data(def.krate);
@@ -238,6 +230,14 @@ pub fn get_predicates<'tcx>(tcx: &ty::ctxt<'tcx>, def: ast::DefId)
     decoder::get_predicates(&*cdata, def.node, tcx)
 }
 
+pub fn get_super_predicates<'tcx>(tcx: &ty::ctxt<'tcx>, def: ast::DefId)
+                                  -> ty::GenericPredicates<'tcx>
+{
+    let cstore = &tcx.sess.cstore;
+    let cdata = cstore.get_crate_data(def.krate);
+    decoder::get_super_predicates(&*cdata, def.node, tcx)
+}
+
 pub fn get_field_type<'tcx>(tcx: &ty::ctxt<'tcx>, class_id: ast::DefId,
                             def: ast::DefId) -> ty::TypeScheme<'tcx> {
     let cstore = &tcx.sess.cstore;

src/librustc/metadata/decoder.rs

@@ -22,9 +22,8 @@ use metadata::csearch::MethodInfo;
 use metadata::csearch;
 use metadata::cstore;
 use metadata::tydecode::{parse_ty_data, parse_region_data, parse_def_id,
-                         parse_type_param_def_data, parse_bounds_data,
-                         parse_bare_fn_ty_data, parse_trait_ref_data,
-                         parse_predicate_data};
+                         parse_type_param_def_data, parse_bare_fn_ty_data,
+                         parse_trait_ref_data, parse_predicate_data};
 use middle::def;
 use middle::lang_items;
 use middle::subst;
@@ -260,18 +259,6 @@ fn item_trait_ref<'tcx>(doc: rbml::Doc, tcx: &ty::ctxt<'tcx>, cdata: Cmd)
     doc_trait_ref(tp, tcx, cdata)
 }
 
-fn doc_bounds<'tcx>(doc: rbml::Doc, tcx: &ty::ctxt<'tcx>, cdata: Cmd)
-                    -> ty::ParamBounds<'tcx> {
-    parse_bounds_data(doc.data, cdata.cnum, doc.start, tcx,
-                      |_, did| translate_def_id(cdata, did))
-}
-
-fn trait_def_bounds<'tcx>(doc: rbml::Doc, tcx: &ty::ctxt<'tcx>, cdata: Cmd)
-                          -> ty::ParamBounds<'tcx> {
-    let d = reader::get_doc(doc, tag_trait_def_bounds);
-    doc_bounds(d, tcx, cdata)
-}
-
 fn enum_variant_ids(item: rbml::Doc, cdata: Cmd) -> Vec<ast::DefId> {
     let mut ids: Vec<ast::DefId> = Vec::new();
     let v = tag_items_data_item_variant;
@@ -406,7 +393,6 @@ pub fn get_trait_def<'tcx>(cdata: Cmd,
 {
     let item_doc = lookup_item(item_id, cdata.data());
     let generics = doc_generics(item_doc, tcx, cdata, tag_item_generics);
-    let bounds = trait_def_bounds(item_doc, tcx, cdata);
     let unsafety = parse_unsafety(item_doc);
     let associated_type_names = parse_associated_type_names(item_doc);
     let paren_sugar = parse_paren_sugar(item_doc);
@@ -415,7 +401,6 @@ pub fn get_trait_def<'tcx>(cdata: Cmd,
         paren_sugar: paren_sugar,
         unsafety: unsafety,
         generics: generics,
-        bounds: bounds,
         trait_ref: item_trait_ref(item_doc, tcx, cdata),
         associated_type_names: associated_type_names,
     }
@@ -430,6 +415,15 @@ pub fn get_predicates<'tcx>(cdata: Cmd,
     doc_predicates(item_doc, tcx, cdata, tag_item_generics)
 }
 
+pub fn get_super_predicates<'tcx>(cdata: Cmd,
+                                  item_id: ast::NodeId,
+                                  tcx: &ty::ctxt<'tcx>)
+                                  -> ty::GenericPredicates<'tcx>
+{
+    let item_doc = lookup_item(item_id, cdata.data());
+    doc_predicates(item_doc, tcx, cdata, tag_item_super_predicates)
+}
+
 pub fn get_type<'tcx>(cdata: Cmd, id: ast::NodeId, tcx: &ty::ctxt<'tcx>)
                       -> ty::TypeScheme<'tcx>
 {
@@ -971,24 +965,6 @@ pub fn get_provided_trait_methods<'tcx>(intr: Rc<IdentInterner>,
     return result;
 }
 
-/// Returns the supertraits of the given trait.
-pub fn get_supertraits<'tcx>(cdata: Cmd, id: ast::NodeId, tcx: &ty::ctxt<'tcx>)
-                             -> Vec<Rc<ty::TraitRef<'tcx>>> {
-    let mut results = Vec::new();
-    let item_doc = lookup_item(id, cdata.data());
-    reader::tagged_docs(item_doc, tag_item_super_trait_ref, |trait_doc| {
-        // NB. Only reads the ones that *aren't* builtin-bounds. See also
-        // get_trait_def() for collecting the builtin bounds.
-        // FIXME(#8559): The builtin bounds shouldn't be encoded in the first place.
-        let trait_ref = doc_trait_ref(trait_doc, tcx, cdata);
-        if tcx.lang_items.to_builtin_kind(trait_ref.def_id).is_none() {
-            results.push(trait_ref);
-        }
-        true
-    });
-    return results;
-}
-
 pub fn get_type_name_if_impl(cdata: Cmd,
                              node_id: ast::NodeId) -> Option<ast::Name> {
     let item = lookup_item(node_id, cdata.data());

src/librustc/metadata/encoder.rs

@@ -206,21 +206,6 @@ pub fn write_region(ecx: &EncodeContext,
     tyencode::enc_region(rbml_w, ty_str_ctxt, r);
 }
 
-fn encode_bounds<'a, 'tcx>(rbml_w: &mut Encoder,
-                           ecx: &EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx>,
-                           bounds: &ty::ParamBounds<'tcx>,
-                           tag: uint) {
-    rbml_w.start_tag(tag);
-
-    let ty_str_ctxt = &tyencode::ctxt { diag: ecx.diag,
-                                        ds: def_to_string,
-                                        tcx: ecx.tcx,
-                                        abbrevs: &ecx.type_abbrevs };
-    tyencode::enc_bounds(rbml_w, ty_str_ctxt, bounds);
-
-    rbml_w.end_tag();
-}
-
 fn encode_type<'a, 'tcx>(ecx: &EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx>,
                          rbml_w: &mut Encoder,
                          typ: Ty<'tcx>) {
@@ -728,6 +713,7 @@ fn encode_generics<'a, 'tcx>(rbml_w: &mut Encoder,
         tcx: ecx.tcx,
         abbrevs: &ecx.type_abbrevs
     };
+
     for param in generics.types.iter() {
         rbml_w.start_tag(tag_type_param_def);
         tyencode::enc_type_param_def(rbml_w, ty_str_ctxt, param);
@@ -758,6 +744,22 @@ fn encode_generics<'a, 'tcx>(rbml_w: &mut Encoder,
         rbml_w.end_tag();
     }
 
+    encode_predicates_in_current_doc(rbml_w, ecx, predicates);
+
+    rbml_w.end_tag();
+}
+
+fn encode_predicates_in_current_doc<'a,'tcx>(rbml_w: &mut Encoder,
+                                             ecx: &EncodeContext<'a,'tcx>,
+                                             predicates: &ty::GenericPredicates<'tcx>)
+{
+    let ty_str_ctxt = &tyencode::ctxt {
+        diag: ecx.diag,
+        ds: def_to_string,
+        tcx: ecx.tcx,
+        abbrevs: &ecx.type_abbrevs
+    };
+
     for (space, _, predicate) in predicates.predicates.iter_enumerated() {
         rbml_w.start_tag(tag_predicate);
 
@@ -769,7 +771,15 @@ fn encode_generics<'a, 'tcx>(rbml_w: &mut Encoder,
 
         rbml_w.end_tag();
     }
+}
 
+fn encode_predicates<'a,'tcx>(rbml_w: &mut Encoder,
+                              ecx: &EncodeContext<'a,'tcx>,
+                              predicates: &ty::GenericPredicates<'tcx>,
+                              tag: uint)
+{
+    rbml_w.start_tag(tag);
+    encode_predicates_in_current_doc(rbml_w, ecx, predicates);
     rbml_w.end_tag();
 }
 
@@ -1280,6 +1290,8 @@ fn encode_info_for_item(ecx: &EncodeContext,
         encode_paren_sugar(rbml_w, trait_def.paren_sugar);
         encode_associated_type_names(rbml_w, &trait_def.associated_type_names);
         encode_generics(rbml_w, ecx, &trait_def.generics, &trait_predicates, tag_item_generics);
+        encode_predicates(rbml_w, ecx, &ty::lookup_super_predicates(tcx, def_id),
+                          tag_item_super_predicates);
         encode_trait_ref(rbml_w, ecx, &*trait_def.trait_ref, tag_item_trait_ref);
         encode_name(rbml_w, item.ident.name);
         encode_attributes(rbml_w, &item.attrs);
@@ -1304,8 +1316,6 @@ fn encode_info_for_item(ecx: &EncodeContext,
         }
         encode_path(rbml_w, path.clone());
 
-        encode_bounds(rbml_w, ecx, &trait_def.bounds, tag_trait_def_bounds);
-
         // Encode the implementations of this trait.
         encode_extension_implementations(ecx, rbml_w, def_id);
 

src/librustc/middle/traits/mod.rs

@@ -280,7 +280,11 @@ pub struct VtableBuiltinData<N> {
 /// for the object type `Foo`.
 #[derive(PartialEq,Eq,Clone)]
 pub struct VtableObjectData<'tcx> {
+    /// the object type `Foo`.
     pub object_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
+
+    /// `Foo` upcast to the obligation trait. This will be some supertrait of `Foo`.
+    pub upcast_trait_ref: ty::PolyTraitRef<'tcx>,
 }
 
 /// Creates predicate obligations from the generic bounds.

src/librustc/middle/traits/object_safety.rs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use super::elaborate_predicates;
 
 use middle::subst::{self, SelfSpace, TypeSpace};
 use middle::traits;
-use middle::ty::{self, Ty};
+use middle::ty::{self, ToPolyTraitRef, Ty};
 use std::rc::Rc;
 use syntax::ast;
 use util::ppaux::Repr;
@@ -128,9 +128,12 @@ fn supertraits_reference_self<'tcx>(tcx: &ty::ctxt<'tcx>,
 {
     let trait_def = ty::lookup_trait_def(tcx, trait_def_id);
     let trait_ref = trait_def.trait_ref.clone();
-    let predicates = ty::predicates_for_trait_ref(tcx, &ty::Binder(trait_ref));
+    let trait_ref = trait_ref.to_poly_trait_ref();
+    let predicates = ty::lookup_super_predicates(tcx, trait_def_id);
     predicates
+        .predicates
         .into_iter()
+        .map(|predicate| predicate.subst_supertrait(tcx, &trait_ref))
         .any(|predicate| {
             match predicate {
                 ty::Predicate::Trait(ref data) => {

src/librustc/middle/traits/select.rs

@@ -1260,19 +1260,11 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
                poly_trait_ref.repr(self.tcx()));
 
         // see whether the object trait can be upcast to the trait we are looking for
-        let obligation_def_id = obligation.predicate.def_id();
-        let upcast_trait_ref = match util::upcast(self.tcx(), poly_trait_ref, obligation_def_id) {
-            Some(r) => r,
-            None => { return; }
-        };
-
-        debug!("assemble_candidates_from_object_ty: upcast_trait_ref={}",
-               upcast_trait_ref.repr(self.tcx()));
-
-        // check whether the upcast version of the trait-ref matches what we are looking for
-        if let Ok(()) = self.infcx.probe(|_| self.match_poly_trait_ref(obligation,
-                                                                       upcast_trait_ref.clone())) {
-            debug!("assemble_candidates_from_object_ty: matched, pushing candidate");
+        let upcast_trait_refs = self.upcast(poly_trait_ref, obligation);
+        if upcast_trait_refs.len() > 1 {
+            // can be upcast in many ways; need more type information
+            candidates.ambiguous = true;
+        } else if upcast_trait_refs.len() == 1 {
             candidates.vec.push(ObjectCandidate);
         }
     }
@@ -1455,9 +1447,9 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
                             let principal =
                                 data.principal_trait_ref_with_self_ty(self.tcx(),
                                                                       self.tcx().types.err);
+                            let desired_def_id = obligation.predicate.def_id();
                             for tr in util::supertraits(self.tcx(), principal) {
-                                let td = ty::lookup_trait_def(self.tcx(), tr.def_id());
-                                if td.bounds.builtin_bounds.contains(&bound) {
+                                if tr.def_id() == desired_def_id {
                                     return Ok(If(Vec::new()))
                                 }
                             }
@@ -2063,28 +2055,24 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
             }
         };
 
-        let obligation_def_id = obligation.predicate.def_id();
-        let upcast_trait_ref = match util::upcast(self.tcx(),
-                                                  poly_trait_ref.clone(),
-                                                  obligation_def_id) {
-            Some(r) => r,
-            None => {
-                self.tcx().sess.span_bug(obligation.cause.span,
-                                         &format!("unable to upcast from {} to {}",
-                                                  poly_trait_ref.repr(self.tcx()),
-                                                  obligation_def_id.repr(self.tcx())));
-            }
-        };
+        // Upcast the object type to the obligation type. There must
+        // be exactly one applicable trait-reference; if this were not
+        // the case, we would have reported an ambiguity error rather
+        // than successfully selecting one of the candidates.
+        let upcast_trait_refs = self.upcast(poly_trait_ref.clone(), obligation);
+        assert_eq!(upcast_trait_refs.len(), 1);
+        let upcast_trait_ref = upcast_trait_refs.into_iter().next().unwrap();
 
-        match self.match_poly_trait_ref(obligation, upcast_trait_ref) {
+        match self.match_poly_trait_ref(obligation, upcast_trait_ref.clone()) {
             Ok(()) => { }
             Err(()) => {
                 self.tcx().sess.span_bug(obligation.cause.span,
                                          "failed to match trait refs");
             }
         }
 
-        VtableObjectData { object_ty: self_ty }
+        VtableObjectData { object_ty: self_ty,
+                           upcast_trait_ref: upcast_trait_ref }
     }
 
     fn confirm_fn_pointer_candidate(&mut self,
@@ -2501,6 +2489,32 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
             obligation.cause.clone()
         }
     }
+
+    /// Upcasts an object trait-reference into those that match the obligation.
+    fn upcast(&mut self, obj_trait_ref: ty::PolyTraitRef<'tcx>, obligation: &TraitObligation<'tcx>)
+              -> Vec<ty::PolyTraitRef<'tcx>>
+    {
+        debug!("upcast(obj_trait_ref={}, obligation={})",
+               obj_trait_ref.repr(self.tcx()),
+               obligation.repr(self.tcx()));
+
+        let obligation_def_id = obligation.predicate.def_id();
+        let mut upcast_trait_refs = util::upcast(self.tcx(), obj_trait_ref, obligation_def_id);
+
+        // Retain only those upcast versions that match the trait-ref
+        // we are looking for.  In particular, we know that all of
+        // `upcast_trait_refs` apply to the correct trait, but
+        // possibly with incorrect type parameters. For example, we
+        // may be trying to upcast `Foo` to `Bar<i32>`, but `Foo` is
+        // declared as `trait Foo : Bar<u32>`.
+        upcast_trait_refs.retain(|upcast_trait_ref| {
+            let upcast_trait_ref = upcast_trait_ref.clone();
+            self.infcx.probe(|_| self.match_poly_trait_ref(obligation, upcast_trait_ref)).is_ok()
+        });
+
+        debug!("upcast: upcast_trait_refs={}", upcast_trait_refs.repr(self.tcx()));
+        upcast_trait_refs
+    }
 }
 
 impl<'tcx> Repr<'tcx> for SelectionCandidate<'tcx> {