fix(router): correct over-encoding of URL fragment

[jasonaden]

Relates to: #10280 #22337

This was looked into and documented in okta/okta-oidc-js#140.

[ngbot]

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[mary-poppins]

You can preview 4ba8ad1 at https://pr22687-4ba8ad1.ngbuilds.io/.

[mary-poppins]

You can preview b68f185 at https://pr22687-b68f185.ngbuilds.io/.

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