Optimize performance by passing MessageID implementations by pointers

### Motivation

Currently there are three implementations of the `MessageID` interface:
- `messageID`: 24 bytes
- `trackingMessageID`: 64 bytes
- `chunkMessageID`: 80 bytes

However, for all methods of them, the receiver is a value rather than a
pointer. It's inefficient because each time a method is called, the copy
would happen.

Reference: https://go.dev/tour/methods/8

### Modifications

- Change the receiver from value to pointer for all `MessageID`
  implementations.
- Use pointers as the returned values and function parameters for these
  implementations everywhere.

The `trackingMessageID.Undefined` method is removed because it's never
used now. Though it's a public method, the struct and its factory
function are not exposed, so I think it's reasonable.

Remove the benchmark added in
#324. The result is
obvious and this test is meaningless. I tried passing the
`trackingMessageID` by pointer and the result reduced from 8.548 ns/op
to 1.628 ns/op. It's obvious because a pointer is only 8 bytes while a
`trackingMessageID` is 64 bytes. The overhead of accessing by pointers
is far less than copying the extra bytes.

pulsar/ack_grouping_tracker_test.go

@@ -184,14 +184,14 @@ func TestTimedTrackerCumulativeAck(t *testing.T) {
 func TestTimedTrackerIsDuplicate(t *testing.T) {
 	tracker := newAckGroupingTracker(nil, func(id MessageID) {}, func(id MessageID) {})
 
-	tracker.add(messageID{batchIdx: 0, batchSize: 3})
-	tracker.add(messageID{batchIdx: 2, batchSize: 3})
-	assert.True(t, tracker.isDuplicate(messageID{batchIdx: 0, batchSize: 3}))
-	assert.False(t, tracker.isDuplicate(messageID{batchIdx: 1, batchSize: 3}))
-	assert.True(t, tracker.isDuplicate(messageID{batchIdx: 2, batchSize: 3}))
+	tracker.add(&messageID{batchIdx: 0, batchSize: 3})
+	tracker.add(&messageID{batchIdx: 2, batchSize: 3})
+	assert.True(t, tracker.isDuplicate(&messageID{batchIdx: 0, batchSize: 3}))
+	assert.False(t, tracker.isDuplicate(&messageID{batchIdx: 1, batchSize: 3}))
+	assert.True(t, tracker.isDuplicate(&messageID{batchIdx: 2, batchSize: 3}))
 
 	tracker.flush()
-	assert.False(t, tracker.isDuplicate(messageID{batchIdx: 0, batchSize: 3}))
-	assert.False(t, tracker.isDuplicate(messageID{batchIdx: 1, batchSize: 3}))
-	assert.False(t, tracker.isDuplicate(messageID{batchIdx: 2, batchSize: 3}))
+	assert.False(t, tracker.isDuplicate(&messageID{batchIdx: 0, batchSize: 3}))
+	assert.False(t, tracker.isDuplicate(&messageID{batchIdx: 1, batchSize: 3}))
+	assert.False(t, tracker.isDuplicate(&messageID{batchIdx: 2, batchSize: 3}))
 }

pulsar/consumer_impl.go

@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ func (c *consumer) internalTopicSubscribeToPartitions() error {
 				metadata:                    metadata,
 				subProperties:               subProperties,
 				replicateSubscriptionState:  c.options.ReplicateSubscriptionState,
-				startMessageID:              trackingMessageID{},
+				startMessageID:              nil,
 				subscriptionMode:            durable,
 				readCompacted:               c.options.ReadCompacted,
 				interceptors:                c.options.Interceptors,
@@ -531,8 +531,8 @@ func (c *consumer) ReconsumeLaterWithCustomProperties(msg Message, customPropert
 	if delay < 0 {
 		delay = 0
 	}
-	msgID, ok := c.messageID(msg.ID())
-	if !ok {
+	msgID := c.messageID(msg.ID())
+	if msgID == nil {
 		return
 	}
 	props := make(map[string]string)
@@ -581,8 +581,8 @@ func (c *consumer) ReconsumeLaterWithCustomProperties(msg Message, customPropert
 
 func (c *consumer) Nack(msg Message) {
 	if c.options.EnableDefaultNackBackoffPolicy || c.options.NackBackoffPolicy != nil {
-		mid, ok := c.messageID(msg.ID())
-		if !ok {
+		mid := c.messageID(msg.ID())
+		if mid == nil {
 			return
 		}
 
@@ -743,22 +743,22 @@ func toProtoInitialPosition(p SubscriptionInitialPosition) pb.CommandSubscribe_I
 	return pb.CommandSubscribe_Latest
 }
 
-func (c *consumer) messageID(msgID MessageID) (trackingMessageID, bool) {
-	mid, ok := toTrackingMessageID(msgID)
-	if !ok {
+func (c *consumer) messageID(msgID MessageID) *trackingMessageID {
+	mid := toTrackingMessageID(msgID)
+	if mid == nil {
 		c.log.Warnf("invalid message id type %T", msgID)
-		return trackingMessageID{}, false
+		return nil
 	}
 
 	partition := int(mid.partitionIdx)
 	// did we receive a valid partition index?
 	if partition < 0 || partition >= len(c.consumers) {
 		c.log.Warnf("invalid partition index %d expected a partition between [0-%d]",
 			partition, len(c.consumers))
-		return trackingMessageID{}, false
+		return nil
 	}
 
-	return mid, true
+	return mid
 }
 
 func addMessageCryptoIfMissing(client *client, options *ConsumerOptions, topics interface{}) error {

pulsar/consumer_multitopic.go

@@ -125,8 +125,8 @@ func (c *multiTopicConsumer) Ack(msg Message) error {
 
 // AckID the consumption of a single message, identified by its MessageID
 func (c *multiTopicConsumer) AckID(msgID MessageID) error {
-	mid, ok := toTrackingMessageID(msgID)
-	if !ok {
+	mid := toTrackingMessageID(msgID)
+	if mid == nil {
 		c.log.Warnf("invalid message id type %T", msgID)
 		return errors.New("invalid message id type in multi_consumer")
 	}
@@ -152,8 +152,8 @@ func (c *multiTopicConsumer) AckCumulative(msg Message) error {
 // AckIDCumulative the reception of all the messages in the stream up to (and including)
 // the provided message, identified by its MessageID
 func (c *multiTopicConsumer) AckIDCumulative(msgID MessageID) error {
-	mid, ok := toTrackingMessageID(msgID)
-	if !ok {
+	mid := toTrackingMessageID(msgID)
+	if mid == nil {
 		c.log.Warnf("invalid message id type %T", msgID)
 		return errors.New("invalid message id type in multi_consumer")
 	}
@@ -203,8 +203,8 @@ func (c *multiTopicConsumer) ReconsumeLaterWithCustomProperties(msg Message, cus
 func (c *multiTopicConsumer) Nack(msg Message) {
 	if c.options.EnableDefaultNackBackoffPolicy || c.options.NackBackoffPolicy != nil {
 		msgID := msg.ID()
-		mid, ok := toTrackingMessageID(msgID)
-		if !ok {
+		mid := toTrackingMessageID(msgID)
+		if mid == nil {
 			c.log.Warnf("invalid message id type %T", msgID)
 			return
 		}
@@ -221,8 +221,8 @@ func (c *multiTopicConsumer) Nack(msg Message) {
 }
 
 func (c *multiTopicConsumer) NackID(msgID MessageID) {
-	mid, ok := toTrackingMessageID(msgID)
-	if !ok {
+	mid := toTrackingMessageID(msgID)
+	if mid == nil {
 		c.log.Warnf("invalid message id type %T", msgID)
 		return
 	}