[SPARK-2781][SQL] Check resolution of LogicalPlans in Analyzer.

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/Analyzer.scala

@@ -40,7 +40,12 @@ class Analyzer(catalog: Catalog, registry: FunctionRegistry, caseSensitive: Bool
   // TODO: pass this in as a parameter.
   val fixedPoint = FixedPoint(100)
 
-  val batches: Seq[Batch] = Seq(
+  /**
+   * Override to provide additional rules for the "Resolution" batch.
+   */
+  val extendedRules: List[Rule[LogicalPlan]] = Nil
+
+  lazy val batches: Seq[Batch] = Seq(
     Batch("MultiInstanceRelations", Once,
       NewRelationInstances),
     Batch("CaseInsensitiveAttributeReferences", Once,
@@ -54,23 +59,31 @@ class Analyzer(catalog: Catalog, registry: FunctionRegistry, caseSensitive: Bool
       StarExpansion ::
       ResolveFunctions ::
       GlobalAggregates ::
-      UnresolvedHavingClauseAttributes :: 
-      typeCoercionRules :_*),
+      UnresolvedHavingClauseAttributes ::
+      typeCoercionRules :::
+      extendedRules : _*),
     Batch("Check Analysis", Once,
       CheckResolution),
     Batch("AnalysisOperators", fixedPoint,
       EliminateAnalysisOperators)
   )
 
   /**
-   * Makes sure all attributes have been resolved.
+   * Makes sure all attributes and logical plans have been resolved.
    */
   object CheckResolution extends Rule[LogicalPlan] {
     def apply(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = {
       plan.transform {
         case p if p.expressions.exists(!_.resolved) =>
           throw new TreeNodeException(p,
             s"Unresolved attributes: ${p.expressions.filterNot(_.resolved).mkString(",")}")
+        case p if !p.resolved && p.childrenResolved =>
+          throw new TreeNodeException(p, "Unresolved plan found")
+      } match {
+        // As a backstop, use the root node to check that the entire plan tree is resolved.
+        case p if !p.resolved =>
+          throw new TreeNodeException(p, "Unresolved plan in tree")
+        case p => p
       }
     }
   }

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/HiveTypeCoercion.scala

@@ -286,6 +286,10 @@ trait HiveTypeCoercion {
       // If the data type is not boolean and is being cast boolean, turn it into a comparison
       // with the numeric value, i.e. x != 0. This will coerce the type into numeric type.
       case Cast(e, BooleanType) if e.dataType != BooleanType => Not(EqualTo(e, Literal(0)))
+      // Stringify boolean if casting to StringType.
+      // TODO Ensure true/false string letter casing is consistent with Hive in all cases.
+      case Cast(e, StringType) if e.dataType == BooleanType =>
+        If(e, Literal("true"), Literal("false"))
       // Turn true into 1, and false into 0 if casting boolean into other types.
       case Cast(e, dataType) if e.dataType == BooleanType =>
         Cast(If(e, Literal(1), Literal(0)), dataType)

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/LogicalPlan.scala

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ abstract class LogicalPlan extends QueryPlan[LogicalPlan] {
 
   /**
    * Returns true if this expression and all its children have been resolved to a specific schema
-   * and false if it is still contains any unresolved placeholders. Implementations of LogicalPlan
+   * and false if it still contains any unresolved placeholders. Implementations of LogicalPlan
    * can override this (e.g.
    * [[org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis.UnresolvedRelation UnresolvedRelation]]
    * should return `false`).

sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/AnalysisSuite.scala

@@ -93,6 +93,17 @@ class AnalysisSuite extends FunSuite with BeforeAndAfter {
     val e = intercept[TreeNodeException[_]] {
       caseSensitiveAnalyze(Project(Seq(UnresolvedAttribute("abcd")), testRelation))
     }
-    assert(e.getMessage().toLowerCase.contains("unresolved"))
+    assert(e.getMessage().toLowerCase.contains("unresolved attribute"))
+  }
+
+  test("throw errors for unresolved plans during analysis") {
+    case class UnresolvedTestPlan() extends LeafNode {
+      override lazy val resolved = false
+      override def output = Nil
+    }
+    val e = intercept[TreeNodeException[_]] {
+      caseSensitiveAnalyze(UnresolvedTestPlan())
+    }
+    assert(e.getMessage().toLowerCase.contains("unresolved plan"))
   }
 }

sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/HiveTypeCoercionSuite.scala

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ package org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis
 
 import org.scalatest.FunSuite
 
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions._
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.{LocalRelation, Project}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.types._
 
 class HiveTypeCoercionSuite extends FunSuite {
@@ -84,4 +86,16 @@ class HiveTypeCoercionSuite extends FunSuite {
     widenTest(StringType, MapType(IntegerType, StringType, true), None)
     widenTest(ArrayType(IntegerType), StructType(Seq()), None)
   }
+
+  test("boolean casts") {
+    def ruleTest(initial: Expression, transformed: Expression) {
+      val testRelation = LocalRelation(AttributeReference("a", IntegerType)())
+      assert(BooleanCasts(Project(Seq(Alias(initial, "a")()), testRelation)) ==
+        Project(Seq(Alias(transformed, "a")()), testRelation))      
+    }
+    // Remove superflous boolean -> boolean casts.
+    ruleTest(Cast(Literal(true), BooleanType), Literal(true))
+    // Stringify boolean when casting to string.
+    ruleTest(Cast(Literal(false), StringType), If(Literal(false), Literal("true"), Literal("false")))
+  }
 }

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/SQLQuerySuite.scala

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 package org.apache.spark.sql
 
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.errors.TreeNodeException
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.test._
 import org.scalatest.BeforeAndAfterAll
@@ -477,18 +478,48 @@ class SQLQuerySuite extends QueryTest with BeforeAndAfterAll {
         (3, null)))
   }
 
-  test("EXCEPT") {
+  test("UNION") {
+    checkAnswer(
+      sql("SELECT * FROM lowerCaseData UNION SELECT * FROM upperCaseData"),
+      (1, "A") :: (1, "a") :: (2, "B") :: (2, "b") :: (3, "C") :: (3, "c") ::
+      (4, "D") :: (4, "d") :: (5, "E") :: (6, "F") :: Nil)
+    checkAnswer(
+      sql("SELECT * FROM lowerCaseData UNION SELECT * FROM lowerCaseData"),
+      (1, "a") :: (2, "b") :: (3, "c") :: (4, "d") :: Nil)
+    checkAnswer(
+      sql("SELECT * FROM lowerCaseData UNION ALL SELECT * FROM lowerCaseData"),
+      (1, "a") :: (1, "a") :: (2, "b") :: (2, "b") :: (3, "c") :: (3, "c") ::
+      (4, "d") :: (4, "d") :: Nil)
+  }
+
+  test("UNION with column mismatches") {
+    // Column name mismatches are allowed.
+    checkAnswer(
+      sql("SELECT n,l FROM lowerCaseData UNION SELECT N as x1, L as x2 FROM upperCaseData"),
+      (1, "A") :: (1, "a") :: (2, "B") :: (2, "b") :: (3, "C") :: (3, "c") ::
+      (4, "D") :: (4, "d") :: (5, "E") :: (6, "F") :: Nil)
+    // Column type mismatches are not allowed, forcing a type coercion.
+    checkAnswer(
+      sql("SELECT n FROM lowerCaseData UNION SELECT L FROM upperCaseData"),
+      ("1" :: "2" :: "3" :: "4" :: "A" :: "B" :: "C" :: "D" :: "E" :: "F" :: Nil).map(Tuple1(_)))
+    // Column type mismatches where a coercion is not possible, in this case between integer
+    // and array types, trigger a TreeNodeException.
+    intercept[TreeNodeException[_]] {
+      sql("SELECT data FROM arrayData UNION SELECT 1 FROM arrayData").collect()
+    }
+  }
 
+  test("EXCEPT") {
     checkAnswer(
-      sql("SELECT * FROM lowerCaseData EXCEPT SELECT * FROM upperCaseData "),
+      sql("SELECT * FROM lowerCaseData EXCEPT SELECT * FROM upperCaseData"),
       (1, "a") ::
       (2, "b") ::
       (3, "c") ::
       (4, "d") :: Nil)
     checkAnswer(
-      sql("SELECT * FROM lowerCaseData EXCEPT SELECT * FROM lowerCaseData "), Nil)
+      sql("SELECT * FROM lowerCaseData EXCEPT SELECT * FROM lowerCaseData"), Nil)
     checkAnswer(
-      sql("SELECT * FROM upperCaseData EXCEPT SELECT * FROM upperCaseData "), Nil)
+      sql("SELECT * FROM upperCaseData EXCEPT SELECT * FROM upperCaseData"), Nil)
   }
 
  test("INTERSECT") {
@@ -635,5 +666,10 @@ class SQLQuerySuite extends QueryTest with BeforeAndAfterAll {
       Seq()
     )
 
+  test("cast boolean to string") {
+    // TODO Ensure true/false string letter casing is consistent with Hive in all cases.
+    checkAnswer(
+      sql("SELECT CAST(TRUE AS STRING), CAST(FALSE AS STRING) FROM testData LIMIT 1"),
+      ("true", "false") :: Nil)
   }
 }

sql/hive/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hive/HiveContext.scala

@@ -262,7 +262,9 @@ class HiveContext(sc: SparkContext) extends SQLContext(sc) {
   /* An analyzer that uses the Hive metastore. */
   @transient
   override protected[sql] lazy val analyzer =
-    new Analyzer(catalog, functionRegistry, caseSensitive = false)
+    new Analyzer(catalog, functionRegistry, caseSensitive = false) {
+      override val extendedRules = catalog.CreateTables :: catalog.PreInsertionCasts :: Nil
+    }
 
   /**
    * Runs the specified SQL query using Hive.
@@ -353,9 +355,8 @@ class HiveContext(sc: SparkContext) extends SQLContext(sc) {
 
   /** Extends QueryExecution with hive specific features. */
   protected[sql] abstract class QueryExecution extends super.QueryExecution {
-    // TODO: Create mixin for the analyzer instead of overriding things here.
-    override lazy val optimizedPlan =
-      optimizer(ExtractPythonUdfs(catalog.PreInsertionCasts(catalog.CreateTables(analyzed))))
+    // TODO: Utilize extendedRules in the analyzer instead of overriding things here.
+    override lazy val optimizedPlan = optimizer(ExtractPythonUdfs(analyzed))
 
     override lazy val toRdd: RDD[Row] = executedPlan.execute().map(_.copy())
 

sql/hive/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hive/HiveMetastoreCatalog.scala

@@ -109,15 +109,17 @@ private[hive] class HiveMetastoreCatalog(hive: HiveContext) extends Catalog with
    */
   object CreateTables extends Rule[LogicalPlan] {
     def apply(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = plan transform {
+      // Wait until children are resolved.
+      case p: LogicalPlan if !p.childrenResolved => p
+
       case InsertIntoCreatedTable(db, tableName, child) =>
         val (dbName, tblName) = processDatabaseAndTableName(db, tableName)
         val databaseName = dbName.getOrElse(hive.sessionState.getCurrentDatabase)
 
         createTable(databaseName, tblName, child.output)
 
         InsertIntoTable(
-          EliminateAnalysisOperators(
-            lookupRelation(Some(databaseName), tblName, None)),
+          lookupRelation(Some(databaseName), tblName, None),
           Map.empty,
           child,
           overwrite = false)
@@ -130,15 +132,17 @@ private[hive] class HiveMetastoreCatalog(hive: HiveContext) extends Catalog with
    */
   object PreInsertionCasts extends Rule[LogicalPlan] {
     def apply(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = plan.transform {
-      // Wait until children are resolved
+      // Wait until children are resolved.
       case p: LogicalPlan if !p.childrenResolved => p
 
-      case p @ InsertIntoTable(table: MetastoreRelation, _, child, _) =>
+      case p @ InsertIntoTable(
+                 LowerCaseSchema(table: MetastoreRelation), _, child, _) =>
         castChildOutput(p, table, child)
 
       case p @ logical.InsertIntoTable(
-                 InMemoryRelation(_, _, _,
-                   HiveTableScan(_, table, _)), _, child, _) =>
+                 LowerCaseSchema(
+                   InMemoryRelation(_, _, _,
+                     HiveTableScan(_, table, _))), _, child, _) =>
         castChildOutput(p, table, child)
     }