work around TS 4.8-specific infer X extends Y

[phryneas]

#11206 used the TypeScript syntax infer X extends Y that was introduced in TS 4.8.
This caused some problems for some users, so we are rolling back to a more backwars-compatible (albeit slightly less performant) type.

Checklist:

• If this PR contains changes to the library itself (not necessary for e.g. docs updates), please include a changeset (see CONTRIBUTING.md)
• If this PR is a new feature, please reference an issue where a consensus about the design was reached (not necessary for small changes)
• Make sure all of the significant new logic is covered by tests

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 6a8206f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 1 package

Name	Type
@apollo/client	Patch

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[github-actions]

size-limit report 📦

Path	Size
dist/apollo-client.min.cjs	37.07 KB (0%)
import { ApolloClient, InMemoryCache, HttpLink } from "dist/main.cjs"	43.52 KB (0%)
import { ApolloClient, InMemoryCache, HttpLink } from "dist/main.cjs" (production)	42.01 KB (0%)
import { ApolloClient, InMemoryCache, HttpLink } from "dist/index.js"	32.6 KB (0%)
import { ApolloClient, InMemoryCache, HttpLink } from "dist/index.js" (production)	31.27 KB (0%)
import { ApolloProvider } from "dist/react/index.js"	1.22 KB (0%)
import { ApolloProvider } from "dist/react/index.js" (production)	1.21 KB (0%)
import { useQuery } from "dist/react/index.js"	4.28 KB (0%)
import { useQuery } from "dist/react/index.js" (production)	4.1 KB (0%)
import { useLazyQuery } from "dist/react/index.js"	4.59 KB (0%)
import { useLazyQuery } from "dist/react/index.js" (production)	4.41 KB (0%)
import { useMutation } from "dist/react/index.js"	2.54 KB (0%)
import { useMutation } from "dist/react/index.js" (production)	2.52 KB (0%)
import { useSubscription } from "dist/react/index.js"	2.24 KB (0%)
import { useSubscription } from "dist/react/index.js" (production)	2.2 KB (0%)
import { useSuspenseQuery } from "dist/react/index.js"	4.62 KB (0%)
import { useSuspenseQuery } from "dist/react/index.js" (production)	4.05 KB (0%)
import { useBackgroundQuery } from "dist/react/index.js"	4.14 KB (0%)
import { useBackgroundQuery } from "dist/react/index.js" (production)	3.56 KB (0%)
import { useReadQuery } from "dist/react/index.js"	3 KB (0%)
import { useReadQuery } from "dist/react/index.js" (production)	2.94 KB (0%)
import { useFragment } from "dist/react/index.js"	2.09 KB (0%)
import { useFragment } from "dist/react/index.js" (production)	2.04 KB (0%)