[breaking] cli: format json always start with a json object (#2407)

---------

Co-authored-by: Cristian Maglie <c.maglie@arduino.cc>

docs/UPGRADING.md

@@ -4,6 +4,57 @@ Here you can find a list of migration guides to handle breaking changes between
 
 ## 0.36.0
 
+### CLI changed JSON output for some `lib`, `core`, `config`, `board`, and `sketch` commands.
+
+- `arduino-cli lib list --format json` results are now wrapped under `installed_libraries` key
+
+  ```
+  { "installed_libraries": [ {...}, {...} ] }
+  ```
+
+- `arduino-cli lib examples --format json` results are now wrapped under `examples` key
+
+  ```
+  { "examples": [ {...}, {...} ] }
+  ```
+
+- `arduino-cli core search --format json` and `arduino-cli core list --format json` results are now wrapped under
+  `platforms` key
+
+  ```
+  { "platforms": [ {...}, {...} ] }
+  ```
+
+- `arduino-cli config init --format json` now correctly returns a json object containg the config path
+
+  ```
+  { "config_path": "/home/user/.arduino15/arduino-cli.yaml" }
+  ```
+
+- `arduino-cli config dump --format json` results are now wrapped under `config` key
+
+  ```
+  { "config": { ... } }
+  ```
+
+- `arduino-cli board search --format json` results are now wrapped under `boards` key
+
+  ```
+  { "boards": [ {...}, {...} ] }
+  ```
+
+- `arduino-cli board list --format json` results are now wrapped under `detected_ports` key
+
+  ```
+  { "detected_ports": [ {...}, {...} ] }
+  ```
+
+- `arduino-cli sketch new` now correctly returns a json object containing the sketch path
+
+  ```
+  { "sketch_path": "/tmp/my_sketch" }
+  ```
+
 ### The gRPC `cc.arduino.cli.commands.v1.PlatformRelease` has been changed.
 
 We've added a new field called `compatible`. This field indicates if the current platform release is installable or not.

internal/cli/board/list.go

@@ -114,27 +114,27 @@ func watchList(inst *rpc.Instance) {
 // output from this command requires special formatting, let's create a dedicated
 // feedback.Result implementation
 type listResult struct {
-	ports []*result.DetectedPort
+	Ports []*result.DetectedPort `json:"detected_ports"`
 }
 
 func (dr listResult) Data() interface{} {
-	return dr.ports
+	return dr
 }
 
 func (dr listResult) String() string {
-	if len(dr.ports) == 0 {
+	if len(dr.Ports) == 0 {
 		return tr("No boards found.")
 	}
 
-	sort.Slice(dr.ports, func(i, j int) bool {
-		x, y := dr.ports[i].Port, dr.ports[j].Port
+	sort.Slice(dr.Ports, func(i, j int) bool {
+		x, y := dr.Ports[i].Port, dr.Ports[j].Port
 		return x.Protocol < y.Protocol ||
 			(x.Protocol == y.Protocol && x.Address < y.Address)
 	})
 
 	t := table.New()
 	t.SetHeader(tr("Port"), tr("Protocol"), tr("Type"), tr("Board Name"), tr("FQBN"), tr("Core"))
-	for _, detectedPort := range dr.ports {
+	for _, detectedPort := range dr.Ports {
 		port := detectedPort.Port
 		protocol := port.Protocol
 		address := port.Address

internal/cli/board/listall.go

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/commands/board"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/feedback"
-	fResult "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/feedback/result"
+	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/feedback/result"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/instance"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/table"
@@ -64,13 +64,13 @@ func runListAllCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		feedback.Fatal(tr("Error listing boards: %v", err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
 	}
 
-	feedback.PrintResult(resultAll{fResult.NewBoardListAllResponse(list)})
+	feedback.PrintResult(resultAll{result.NewBoardListAllResponse(list)})
 }
 
 // output from this command requires special formatting, let's create a dedicated
 // feedback.Result implementation
 type resultAll struct {
-	list *fResult.BoardListAllResponse
+	list *result.BoardListAllResponse
 }
 
 func (dr resultAll) Data() interface{} {

internal/cli/board/search.go

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/commands/board"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/feedback"
-	fResult "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/feedback/result"
+	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/feedback/result"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/instance"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/table"
@@ -61,32 +61,32 @@ func runSearchCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		feedback.Fatal(tr("Error searching boards: %v", err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
 	}
 
-	feedback.PrintResult(searchResults{fResult.NewBoardListItems(res.Boards)})
+	feedback.PrintResult(searchResults{result.NewBoardListItems(res.Boards)})
 }
 
 // output from this command requires special formatting so we create a dedicated
 // feedback.Result implementation
 type searchResults struct {
-	boards []*fResult.BoardListItem
+	Boards []*result.BoardListItem `json:"boards"`
 }
 
 func (r searchResults) Data() interface{} {
-	return r.boards
+	return r
 }
 
 func (r searchResults) String() string {
-	if len(r.boards) == 0 {
+	if len(r.Boards) == 0 {
 		return ""
 	}
 
 	t := table.New()
 	t.SetHeader(tr("Board Name"), tr("FQBN"), tr("Platform ID"), "")
 
-	sort.Slice(r.boards, func(i, j int) bool {
-		return r.boards[i].Name < r.boards[j].Name
+	sort.Slice(r.Boards, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return r.Boards[i].Name < r.Boards[j].Name
 	})
 
-	for _, item := range r.boards {
+	for _, item := range r.Boards {
 		hidden := ""
 		if item.IsHidden {
 			hidden = tr("(hidden)")

internal/cli/config/add.go

@@ -25,33 +25,10 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
-// // TODO: When update to go 1.18 or later, convert to generic
-// //       to allow uniquify() on any slice that supports
-// //       `comparable`
-// //       See https://gosamples.dev/generics-remove-duplicates-slice/
-// func uniquify[T comparable](s []T) []T {
-// 	// use a map, which enforces unique keys
-// 	inResult := make(map[T]bool)
-// 	var result []T
-// 	// loop through input slice **in order**,
-// 	// to ensure output retains that order
-// 	// (except that it removes duplicates)
-// 	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
-// 		// attempt to use the element as a key
-// 		if _, ok := inResult[s[i]]; !ok {
-// 			// if key didn't exist in map,
-// 			// add to map and append to result
-// 			inResult[s[i]] = true
-// 			result = append(result, s[i])
-// 		}
-// 	}
-// 	return result
-// }
-
-func uniquifyStringSlice(s []string) []string {
+func uniquify[T comparable](s []T) []T {
 	// use a map, which enforces unique keys
-	inResult := make(map[string]bool)
-	var result []string
+	inResult := make(map[T]bool)
+	var result []T
 	// loop through input slice **in order**,
 	// to ensure output retains that order
 	// (except that it removes duplicates)
@@ -96,7 +73,7 @@ func runAddCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 
 	v := configuration.Settings.GetStringSlice(key)
 	v = append(v, args[1:]...)
-	v = uniquifyStringSlice(v)
+	v = uniquify(v)
 	configuration.Settings.Set(key, v)
 
 	if err := configuration.Settings.WriteConfig(); err != nil {

internal/cli/config/dump.go

@@ -45,15 +45,15 @@ func runDumpCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 // output from this command requires special formatting, let's create a dedicated
 // feedback.Result implementation
 type dumpResult struct {
-	data map[string]interface{}
+	Config map[string]interface{} `json:"config"`
 }
 
 func (dr dumpResult) Data() interface{} {
-	return dr.data
+	return dr
 }
 
 func (dr dumpResult) String() string {
-	bs, err := yaml.Marshal(dr.data)
+	bs, err := yaml.Marshal(dr.Config)
 	if err != nil {
 		// Should never happen
 		panic(tr("unable to marshal config to YAML: %v", err))

internal/cli/config/init.go

@@ -108,8 +108,21 @@ func runInitCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 	if err := newSettings.WriteConfigAs(configFileAbsPath.String()); err != nil {
 		feedback.Fatal(tr("Cannot create config file: %v", err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
 	}
+	feedback.PrintResult(initResult{ConfigFileAbsPath: configFileAbsPath})
+}
+
+// output from this command requires special formatting, let's create a dedicated
+// feedback.Result implementation
+type initResult struct {
+	ConfigFileAbsPath *paths.Path `json:"config_path"`
+}
+
+func (dr initResult) Data() interface{} {
+	return dr
+}
 
-	msg := tr("Config file written to: %s", configFileAbsPath.String())
+func (dr initResult) String() string {
+	msg := tr("Config file written to: %s", dr.ConfigFileAbsPath.String())
 	logrus.Info(msg)
-	feedback.Print(msg)
+	return msg
 }

internal/cli/config/set.go

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func runSetCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 	var value interface{}
 	switch kind {
 	case reflect.Slice:
-		value = uniquifyStringSlice(args[1:])
+		value = uniquify(args[1:])
 	case reflect.String:
 		value = args[1]
 	case reflect.Bool:

internal/cli/core/list.go

@@ -89,32 +89,32 @@ func GetList(inst *rpc.Instance, all bool, updatableOnly bool) []*rpc.PlatformSu
 func newCoreListResult(in []*rpc.PlatformSummary, updatableOnly bool) *coreListResult {
 	res := &coreListResult{updatableOnly: updatableOnly}
 	for _, platformSummary := range in {
-		res.platforms = append(res.platforms, result.NewPlatformSummary(platformSummary))
+		res.Platforms = append(res.Platforms, result.NewPlatformSummary(platformSummary))
 	}
 	return res
 }
 
 type coreListResult struct {
-	platforms     []*result.PlatformSummary
+	Platforms     []*result.PlatformSummary `json:"platforms"`
 	updatableOnly bool
 }
 
 // Data implements Result interface
 func (ir coreListResult) Data() interface{} {
-	return ir.platforms
+	return ir
 }
 
 // String implements Result interface
 func (ir coreListResult) String() string {
-	if len(ir.platforms) == 0 {
+	if len(ir.Platforms) == 0 {
 		if ir.updatableOnly {
 			return tr("All platforms are up to date.")
 		}
 		return tr("No platforms installed.")
 	}
 	t := table.New()
 	t.SetHeader(tr("ID"), tr("Installed"), tr("Latest"), tr("Name"))
-	for _, platform := range ir.platforms {
+	for _, platform := range ir.Platforms {
 		latestVersion := platform.LatestVersion.String()
 		if latestVersion == "" {
 			latestVersion = "n/a"

internal/cli/core/search.go

@@ -86,27 +86,27 @@ func runSearchCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, allVersions bool) {
 // output from this command requires special formatting, let's create a dedicated
 // feedback.Result implementation
 type searchResults struct {
-	platforms   []*result.PlatformSummary
+	Platforms   []*result.PlatformSummary `json:"platforms"`
 	allVersions bool
 }
 
 func newSearchResult(in []*rpc.PlatformSummary, allVersions bool) *searchResults {
 	res := &searchResults{
-		platforms:   make([]*result.PlatformSummary, len(in)),
+		Platforms:   make([]*result.PlatformSummary, len(in)),
 		allVersions: allVersions,
 	}
 	for i, platformSummary := range in {
-		res.platforms[i] = result.NewPlatformSummary(platformSummary)
+		res.Platforms[i] = result.NewPlatformSummary(platformSummary)
 	}
 	return res
 }
 
 func (sr searchResults) Data() interface{} {
-	return sr.platforms
+	return sr
 }
 
 func (sr searchResults) String() string {
-	if len(sr.platforms) == 0 {
+	if len(sr.Platforms) == 0 {
 		return tr("No platforms matching your search.")
 	}
 
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ func (sr searchResults) String() string {
 		t.AddRow(platform.Id, release.Version, release.FormatName())
 	}
 
-	for _, platform := range sr.platforms {
+	for _, platform := range sr.Platforms {
 		// When allVersions is not requested we only show the latest compatible version
 		if !sr.allVersions {
 			addRow(platform, platform.GetLatestRelease())

internal/cli/lib/check_deps.go

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/commands/lib"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/arguments"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/feedback"
-	fResult "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/feedback/result"
+	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/feedback/result"
 	"github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/internal/cli/instance"
 	rpc "github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/rpc/cc/arduino/cli/commands/v1"
 	"github.com/fatih/color"
@@ -66,13 +66,13 @@ func runDepsCommand(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		feedback.Fatal(tr("Error resolving dependencies for %[1]s: %[2]s", libRef, err), feedback.ErrGeneric)
 	}
 
-	feedback.PrintResult(&checkDepResult{deps: fResult.NewLibraryResolveDependenciesResponse(deps)})
+	feedback.PrintResult(&checkDepResult{deps: result.NewLibraryResolveDependenciesResponse(deps)})
 }
 
 // output from this command requires special formatting, let's create a dedicated
 // feedback.Result implementation
 type checkDepResult struct {
-	deps *fResult.LibraryResolveDependenciesResponse
+	deps *result.LibraryResolveDependenciesResponse
 }
 
 func (dr checkDepResult) Data() interface{} {
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ func (dr checkDepResult) String() string {
 	return res
 }
 
-func outputDep(dep *fResult.LibraryDependencyStatus) string {
+func outputDep(dep *result.LibraryDependencyStatus) string {
 	res := ""
 	green := color.New(color.FgGreen)
 	red := color.New(color.FgRed)

internal/cli/lib/examples.go

@@ -94,11 +94,11 @@ type libraryExamples struct {
 }
 
 type libraryExamplesResult struct {
-	Examples []*libraryExamples
+	Examples []*libraryExamples `json:"examples"`
 }
 
 func (ir libraryExamplesResult) Data() interface{} {
-	return ir.Examples
+	return ir
 }
 
 func (ir libraryExamplesResult) String() string {