Easier recovery from soft bricked native USB boards

[cmaglie]

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• Tests for the changes have been added (for bug fixes / features)
• Docs have been added / updated (for bug fixes / features)
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• configuration.schema.json updated if new parameters are added.

What kind of change does this PR introduce?

This PR should make it easier to recover from soft-bricked boards with native USB (in cases where the serial port is unavailable because the bootloader has a too-short timeout).

What is the current behavior?

Trying the upload without a port selected would cause the upload to immediately fail, without leaving any room for the user to synchronize with the upload by tapping the reset button. See #1943 for more details.

What is the new behavior?

The upload should wait a reasonable amount of time for the user to tap the reset button and make the bootloader avaiable.

Does this PR introduce a breaking change, and is titled accordingly?

No, in theory...

Other information

Fix #1943

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Patch coverage: 100.00% and project coverage change: +0.03 🎉

Comparison is base (03159d1) 62.61% compared to head (7e8cc09) 62.64%.

❗ Current head 7e8cc09 differs from pull request most recent head cbdb3b0. Consider uploading reports for the commit cbdb3b0 to get more accurate results

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #2173      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   62.61%   62.64%   +0.03%     
==========================================
  Files         223      223              
  Lines       19489    19498       +9     
==========================================
+ Hits        12203    12215      +12     
+ Misses       6200     6198       -2     
+ Partials     1086     1085       -1     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unit	62.64% <100.00%> (+0.03%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
arduino/serialutils/serialutils.go	68.33% <100.00%> (+0.53%)	⬆️
commands/upload/upload.go	74.25% <100.00%> (+0.97%)	⬆️

... and 1 file with indirect coverage changes

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[umbynos]

CLI 0.32.2:

❰umberto❙~/Downloads/arduino-cli_test-2173-c626c5af87608b229e9993ddc68e60f59ee8d65d-git-snapshot_Linux_64bit❱✔≻ arduino-cli compile -b arduino:avr:micro -u soft_brick/ -p /dev/ttyACM0 
Sketch uses 3464 bytes (12%) of program storage space. Maximum is 28672 bytes.
Global variables use 149 bytes (5%) of dynamic memory, leaving 2411 bytes for local variables. Maximum is 2560 bytes.
Connecting to programmer: .
Found programmer: Id = "CATERIN"; type = S
    Software Version = 1.0; No Hardware Version given.
Programmer supports auto addr increment.
Programmer supports buffered memory access with buffersize=128 bytes.

Programmer supports the following devices:
    Device code: 0x44


Used platform Version Path                                                        
arduino:avr   1.8.6   /home/umberto/.arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/avr/1.8.6
❰umberto❙~/Downloads/arduino-cli_test-2173-c626c5af87608b229e9993ddc68e60f59ee8d65d-git-snapshot_Linux_64bit❱✔≻ ./arduino-cli board list
Port         Protocol Type              Board Name FQBN Core
/dev/ttyUSB0 serial   Serial Port (USB) Unknown             

❰umberto❙~/Downloads/arduino-cli_test-2173-c626c5af87608b229e9993ddc68e60f59ee8d65d-git-snapshot_Linux_64bit❱✔≻ arduino-cli compile -b arduino:avr:micro /opt/arduino-1.8.13/examples/01.Basics/Blink/Blink.ino -u
Sketch uses 3958 bytes (13%) of program storage space. Maximum is 28672 bytes.
Global variables use 149 bytes (5%) of dynamic memory, leaving 2411 bytes for local variables. Maximum is 2560 bytes.
Error during Upload: Failed uploading: no upload port provided

CLI from this PR:

./arduino-cli compile -b arduino:avr:micro -u soft_brick/ -p /dev/ttyACM0
Sketch uses 3464 bytes (12%) of program storage space. Maximum is 28672 bytes.
Global variables use 149 bytes (5%) of dynamic memory, leaving 2411 bytes for local variables. Maximum is 2560 bytes.
Connecting to programmer: .
Found programmer: Id = "CATERIN"; type = S
    Software Version = 1.0; No Hardware Version given.
Programmer supports auto addr increment.
Programmer supports buffered memory access with buffersize=128 bytes.

Programmer supports the following devices:
    Device code: 0x44


Used platform Version Path                                                        
arduino:avr   1.8.6   /home/umberto/.arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/avr/1.8.6
❰umberto❙~/Downloads/arduino-cli_test-2173-c626c5af87608b229e9993ddc68e60f59ee8d65d-git-snapshot_Linux_64bit❱✔≻ ./arduino-cli board list
Port         Protocol Type              Board Name FQBN Core
/dev/ttyUSB0 serial   Serial Port (USB) Unknown             

❰umberto❙~/Downloads/arduino-cli_test-2173-c626c5af87608b229e9993ddc68e60f59ee8d65d-git-snapshot_Linux_64bit❱✔≻ ./arduino-cli compile -b arduino:avr:micro /opt/arduino-1.8.13/examples/01.Basics/Blink/Blink.ino -u
Sketch uses 3958 bytes (13%) of program storage space. Maximum is 28672 bytes.
Global variables use 149 bytes (5%) of dynamic memory, leaving 2411 bytes for local variables. Maximum is 2560 bytes.
Skipping 1200-bps touch reset: no serial port selected!
Connecting to programmer: .
Found programmer: Id = "CATERIN"; type = S
    Software Version = 1.0; No Hardware Version given.
Programmer supports auto addr increment.
Programmer supports buffered memory access with buffersize=128 bytes.

Programmer supports the following devices:
    Device code: 0x44


Used platform Version Path                                                        
arduino:avr   1.8.6   /home/umberto/.arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/avr/1.8.6