docs: [RFC] Add v1beta1 API RFC

designs/v1beta1-api.md

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+# Karpenter v1beta1 APIs
+
+This document formalizes the [v1beta1 laundry list](https://github.com/aws/karpenter/issues/1327) and describes the high-level migration strategy for users moving to v1beta1. It shows the full API specs, including Group/Kind names and label names. This document does not go into explicit details on each of the individual changes in v1beta1. For details on these individual changes, see [Karpenter v1beta1  Full Change List](./v1beta1-full-changelist.md).
+
+## Bake Time
+
+API changes create a user migration burden that should be weighed against the benefits of the breaking changes. Batching breaking changes into a single version bump **helps to minimize this burden**. The v1alpha5 API has seen broad adoption over the last year, and resulted in a large amount of feedback. We see this period to have been a critical maturation process for the Karpenter project, and has given us confidence that the changes in v1beta1 will be sufficient to promote after a shorter feedback period.
+
+## Migration
+
+**Tenet:** Customers will be able to migrate from v1alpha5 to v1beta1 in a single cluster using any Karpenter version from the time that we release v1beta1 up until we release v1.
+
+Kubernetes custom resources have built in support for API version compatibility. CRDs with multiple versions must define a “storage version”, which controls the data stored in etcd. Other versions are views onto this data and converted using [conversion webhooks](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/extend-kubernetes/custom-resources/custom-resource-definition-versioning/#webhook-conversion). However, there is a fundamental limitation that [all versions must be safely round-trippable through each other](https://book.kubebuilder.io/multiversion-tutorial/api-changes.html)[.](https://book.kubebuilder.io/multiversion-tutorial/api-changes.html) This means that it must be possible to define a function that converts a v1alpha5 Provisioner into a v1beta1 Provisioner and vise versa.
+
+Unfortunately, multiple proposed changes in v1beta1 are not round-trippable. Below, we propose deprecations of legacy fields in favor more modern mechanisms that have seen adoption in v1alpha5. These changes remove sharp edges that regularly cause users surprises and production pain.
+
+To workaround the limitation of round-trippability, we are proposing a rename of both the API group and Kind (`NodePool`) that the CRDs exist within. This allows both CRDs to exist alongside each other simultaneously and gives users a natural migration path to move through.
+
+### Migration Path
+
+#### Aggressive Scale-Down
+
+1. Spin up a new `v1beta1/NodePool` and `v1beta1/NodeClass` resource matching their `v1alpha5` counterparts
+2. Delete the `v1alpha5/Provisioner` and `v1alpha5/AWSNodeTemplate` with [cascading foreground deletion](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/architecture/garbage-collection/#foreground-deletion) to delete the nodes and have Karpenter roll the nodes to `v1beta1`
+
+#### Slow Scale-Down
+
+1. Spin up a new `v1beta1/NodePool` and `v1beta1/NodeClass` resource matching their `v1alpha5` counterparts
+2. Set the `spec.limits` on your `v1alpha5/Provisioner` resource to `cpu=0` to stop provisioning
+3. Manually delete Nodes one-by-one to have Karpenter roll the nodes over to `v1beta1`
+
+## APIs
+
+To help clearly define where configuration should live within Karpenter’s API, we should define the logical boundary between each Kind in the project.
+
+1. `NodePool`
+    1. Neutral Node configuration-based fields that affect the **compatibility between Nodes and Pods during scheduling** (e.g. requirements, taints, labels)
+    2. Neutral behavior-based fields for configuring Karpenter’s scheduling and deprovisioning decision-making
+2. `NodeClass`
+    1. Cloudprovider-specific Node configuration-based fields that affect launch and bootstrap process for that Node including: configuring startup scripts (including kubelet configuration), volume mappings, metadata settings, etc.
+    2. Cloudprovider-specific behavior-based fields for configuring Karpenter’s scheduling and deprovisioning decision-making (e.g. interruption-based disruption, allocation strategy)
+3. `NodeClaim`
+    1. A Karpenter management object that fully manages the lifecycle of a single node including: configuring and launching the node, monitoring the node health (including disruption conditions), and handling the deprovisioning and termination of the node
+
+### `karpenter.sh/NodePool`
+
+```
+apiVersion: karpenter.sh/v1beta1
+kind: NodePool
+metadata:
+  name: default
+spec:
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        billing-team: my-team
+      annotations:
+        example.com/owner: "my-team"
+    spec:
+      nodeClass:
+        name: default
+        kind: NodeClass
+        apiVersion: compute.k8s.aws/v1beta1
+      taints:
+        - key: example.com/special-taint
+          effect: NoSchedule
+      startupTaints:
+        - key: example.com/another-taint
+          effect: NoSchedule
+      requirements:
+        - key: "karpenter.k8s.aws/instance-category"
+          operator: In
+          values: ["c", "m", "r"]
+      resources:
+        requests:
+          cpu: "1"
+          memory: "100Mi"
+      kubeletConfiguration:
+        clusterDNS: ["10.0.1.100"]
+        containerRuntime: containerd
+        systemReserved:
+          cpu: 100m
+          memory: 100Mi
+          ephemeral-storage: 1Gi
+        kubeReserved:
+          cpu: 200m
+          memory: 100Mi
+          ephemeral-storage: 3Gi
+        evictionHard:
+          memory.available: 5%
+          nodefs.available: 10%
+          nodefs.inodesFree: 10%
+        evictionSoft:
+          memory.available: 500Mi
+          nodefs.available: 15%
+          nodefs.inodesFree: 15%
+        evictionSoftGracePeriod:
+          memory.available: 1m
+          nodefs.available: 1m30s
+          nodefs.inodesFree: 2m
+        evictionMaxPodGracePeriod: 60
+        imageGCHighThresholdPercent: 85
+        imageGCLowThresholdPercent: 80
+        cpuCFSQuota: true
+        podsPerCore: 2
+        maxPods: 20
+  deprovisioning:
+    consolidationTTL: 10m
+    consolidationPolicy: WhenEmpty | WhenUnderutilized
+    expirationTTL: 30d
+    uninitializedTTL: 20m
+  weight: 10
+  limits:
+    cpu: "1000"
+    memory: 1000Gi
+status:
+  resources:
+     cpu: "2"
+     memory: "100Mi"
+     ephemeral-storage: "100Gi"
+```
+
+### `compute.k8s.aws/NodeClass`
+
+```
+apiVersion: compute.k8s.aws/v1beta1
+kind: NodeClass
+metadata:
+  name: default
+spec:
+  amiFamily: AL2
+  amiSelectorTerms:
+    - tags: 
+        key: value
+    - id: abc-123
+    - name: foo
+      owner: amazon
+    - ssm: "/my/custom/parameter"
+  subnetSelectorTerms:
+    - tags:
+        compute.k8s.aws/discovery: cluster-name
+    - id: subnet-1234
+  securityGroupSelectorTerms:
+    - tags:
+        compute.k8s.aws/discovery: cluster-name
+    - name: default-security-group
+  role: karpenter-node-role
+  userData: |
+    echo "this is custom user data"
+  tags:
+    custom-tag: custom-value
+  metadataOptions:
+    httpEndpoint: enabled
+    httpProtocolIPv6: disabled
+    httpPutResponseHopLimit: 2
+    httpTokens: required
+  blockDeviceMappings:
+    - deviceName: /dev/xvda
+      ebs:
+        volumeSize: 20Gi
+        volumeType: gp3
+        encrypted: true
+  detailedMonitoring: true
+status:
+  subnets:
+    - id: subnet-0a462d98193ff9fac
+      zone: us-east-2b
+    - id: subnet-0322dfafd76a609b6
+      zone: us-east-2c
+    - id: subnet-0727ef01daf4ac9fe
+      zone: us-east-2b
+    - id: subnet-00c99aeafe2a70304
+      zone: us-east-2a
+    - id: subnet-023b232fd5eb0028e
+      zone: us-east-2c
+    - id: subnet-03941e7ad6afeaa72
+      zone: us-east-2a
+  securityGroups:
+    - id: sg-041513b454818610b
+      name: ClusterSharedNodeSecurityGroup
+    - id: sg-0286715698b894bca
+      name: ControlPlaneSecurityGroup-1AQ073TSAAPW
+  amis:
+    - id: ami-05a05e85b17bb60d7
+      name: amazon-eks-node-1.24-v20230703
+      requirements:
+        - key: karpenter.k8s.aws/instance-accelerator-count
+          operator: DoesNotExist
+        - key: kubernetes.io/arch
+          operator: In
+          values:
+            - amd64
+        - key: karpenter.k8s.aws/instance-gpu-count
+          operator: DoesNotExist
+    - id: ami-0d849ef1e65103147
+      name: amazon-eks-gpu-node-1.24-v20230703
+      requirements:
+        - key: kubernetes.io/arch
+          operator: In
+          values:
+            - amd64
+        - key: karpenter.k8s.aws/instance-accelerator-count
+          operator: Exists
+    - id: ami-0d849ef1e65103147
+      name: amazon-eks-gpu-node-1.24-v20230703
+      requirements:
+        - key: kubernetes.io/arch
+          operator: In
+          values:
+           - amd64
+        - key: karpenter.k8s.aws/instance-gpu-count
+          operator: Exists
+    - id: ami-0c3487f30d003deb3
+      name: amazon-eks-arm64-node-1.24-v20230703
+      requirements:
+        - key: kubernetes.io/arch
+          operator: In
+          values:
+            - arm64
+        - key: karpenter.k8s.aws/instance-gpu-count
+          operator: DoesNotExist
+        - key: karpenter.k8s.aws/instance-accelerator-count
+          operator: DoesNotExist
+```
+
+### `karpenter.sh/NodeClaim`
+
+```
+apiVersion: karpenter.sh/v1beta1
+kind: NodeClaim
+metadata:
+  name: default
+  labels:
+    billing-team: my-team
+  annotations:
+    example.com/owner: "my-team"
+spec:
+  nodeClass:
+    name: default
+    kind: NodeClass
+    apiVersion: compute.k8s.aws/v1beta1
+  taints:
+    - key: example.com/special-taint
+      effect: NoSchedule
+  startupTaints:
+    - key: example.com/another-taint
+      effect: NoSchedule
+  requirements:
+    - key: "karpenter.k8s.aws/instance-category"
+      operator: In
+      values: ["c", "m", "r"]
+  resources:
+    requests:
+      cpu: "1"
+      memory: "100Mi"
+  kubeletConfiguration:
+    clusterDNS: ["10.0.1.100"]
+    containerRuntime: containerd
+    systemReserved:
+      cpu: 100m
+      memory: 100Mi
+      ephemeral-storage: 1Gi
+    kubeReserved:
+      cpu: 200m
+      memory: 100Mi
+      ephemeral-storage: 3Gi
+    evictionHard:
+      memory.available: 5%
+      nodefs.available: 10%
+      nodefs.inodesFree: 10%
+    evictionSoft:
+      memory.available: 500Mi
+      nodefs.available: 15%
+      nodefs.inodesFree: 15%
+    evictionSoftGracePeriod:
+      memory.available: 1m
+      nodefs.available: 1m30s
+      nodefs.inodesFree: 2m
+    evictionMaxPodGracePeriod: 60
+    imageGCHighThresholdPercent: 85
+    imageGCLowThresholdPercent: 80
+    cpuCFSQuota: true
+    podsPerCore: 2
+    maxPods: 20
+status:
+  allocatable:
+    cpu: 1930m
+    ephemeral-storage: 17Gi
+    memory: 534108Ki
+    pods: "4"
+  capacity:
+    cpu: "2"
+    ephemeral-storage: 20Gi
+    memory: 942684Ki
+    pods: "4"
+  conditions:
+  - type: NodeDrifted
+    status: "True"
+    severity: Warning
+  - status: "True"
+    type: NodeInitialized
+  - status: "True"
+    type: NodeLaunched
+  - status: "True"
+    type: NodeRegistered
+  - status: "True"
+    type: Ready
+  nodeName: ip-192-168-62-137.us-west-2.compute.internal
+  providerID: aws:///us-west-2a/i-08168021ae532fca3
+```
+
+### Labels/Annotations
+
+#### `karpenter.sh`
+
+1. `karpenter.sh/nodepool`
+2. `karpenter.sh/initialized`
+3. `karpenter.sh/registered`
+4. `karpenter.sh/capacity-type`
+5. `karpenter.sh/do-not-disrupt`
+
+#### `compute.k8s.aws`
+
+1. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-hypervisor`
+2. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-encryption-in-transit-supported`
+3. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-category`
+4. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-family`
+5. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-generation`
+6. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-local-nvme`
+7. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-size`
+8. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-cpu`
+9. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-memory`
+10. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-network-bandwidth`
+11. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-pods`
+12. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-gpu-name`
+13. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-gpu-manufacturer`
+14. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-gpu-count`
+15. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-gpu-memory`
+16. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-accelerator-name`
+17. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-accelerator-manufacturer`
+18. `compute.k8s.aws/instance-accelerator-count`