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41 changes: 41 additions & 0 deletions docs/collections.md
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Collections
===========

Collection obejct is a pointer to a specific collection in the [database](database.md).

## Creating collections

Collections can be created with `createCollection`

db.createCollection(name, callback)

where `name` is the name of the collection and `callback` is a callback function. `db` is the database object.

The first parameter for
the callback is the error object (null if no error) and the second one is the pointer to the newly created
collection. If strict mode is on and the table exists, the operation yields in error. With strict mode off (default)
the function simple returns the pointer to the existing collection and does not truncate it.

db.createCollection("test", function(err, collection){
collection.insert({"test":"value"});
});

## Selecting collections

Existing collections can be opened with `collection`

db.collection("name", callback);

If strict mode is off, then a new collection is created if not already present.

## Emtpying collections

All the records from a collection can be erased with `remove`

collection.remove(callback);

## Removing collections

A collection can be dropped with `drop`

collection.drop(callback);
18 changes: 18 additions & 0 deletions docs/database.md
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Database
========

The first thing to do in order to make queries to the database is to open one. THis can be done with the `Db` constructor.

var mongodb = require("mongodb");
var db_connector = new mongodb.Db(name, new mongodb.Server(host, port), options);
db_connector.open(callback);

## DB options

## Opening a database

db_connector.open(callback)

## Deleting a database

database.dropDatabase(callback)
178 changes: 178 additions & 0 deletions docs/queries.md
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Queries
=======

## Making queries with `find`

[Collections](collections.md) can be queried with `find`.

collection.find(query[[[, fields], options], callback]);

Where

* `query` - is a query object, defining the conditions the documents need to apply
* `fields` - indicates which fields should be included in the response (default is all)
* `options` - defines extra logic (sorting options, paging etc.)

The result for the query is actually a cursor object. This can be used directly or converted to an array.

To indicate which fields must or must no be returned `fields` value can be used. For example the following `fields` value

{
"name": true,
"title": true
}

retrieves fields `name` and `title` (and as a default: `_id`) but not any others.

### Query object

The simplest query object is an empty one `{}` which matches every record in the database.

To make a simple query where one field must match to a defined value, one can do it as simply as

{fieldname: "fieldvalue"}

This query matches all the records that a) have fields called *fieldname* and b) its value is *"fieldvalue"*.

For example if we have a collection of blog posts named `posts` where the structure of the
records is {title, author, contents} and we want
to retrieve all the posts for a specific author we can do it like this:

posts.find({author:"Daniel"}).toArray(function(err, results){
console.log(results); // output all records
});

If the queried field is inside an object then that can be queried also. For example if we have a record with the following structure:

{
user: {
name: "Daniel"
}
}

Then we can query the "name" field like this: `{"user.name":"Daniel"}`

#### AND

If more than one fieldname is specified, then it's an AND query

{
key1: "value1",
name2: "value2"
}

Whis query matches all records where *key1* is *"value1"* and *key2* is *"value2"*

#### OR

OR queries are a bit trickier but doable with the `$or` operator. Query operator takes an array which includes
a set of query objects and at least one of these must match a document before it is retrieved

{
$or:[
{author:"Daniel"},
{author:"Jessica"}
]
}

This query match all the documents where author is Daniel or Jessica.

To mix AND and OR queries, you just need to use $or as one of regular query fields.

{
title:"MongoDB",
$or:[
{author:"Daniel"},
{author:"Jessica"}
]
}

#### Conditionals

Conditional operators `<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=` and `!=` can't be used directly, as the query object format doesn't support it but the same
can be achieved with their aliases `$lt`, `$lte`, `$gt`, `$gte` and `$ne`. When a field value needs to match a conditional, the value
must be wrapped into a separate object.

{"fieldname":{$gte:100}}

This query defines that *fieldname* must be greater than or equal to `100`.

Conditionals can also be mixed to create ranges.

{"fieldname": {$lte:10, $gte:100}}

#### Regular expressions

Queried field values can also be matched with regular expressions

{author:/^Daniel/}

#### Special query operators

In addition to OR and conditional operators there's even more

* `$in` - specifies an array of possible matches, `{"name":{$in:[1,2,3]}}`
* `$nin` - specifies an array of unwanted matches
* `$all` - array value must match to the condition `{"name":{$all:[1,2,3]}}`
* `$exists` - checks for existence of a field `{"name":{$exists:true}}`
* `$mod` - check for a modulo `{"name":{$mod:{3,2}}` is the same as `"name" % 3 == 2`
* `$size` - checks the size of an array value `{"name": {$size:2}}` matches arrays *name* with 2 elements


### Possible query options

Query options define the behavior of the query. For example the following `options` value

{
"limit": 20
}

#### Paging

Paging can be achieved with option parameters `limit` and `skip`

{
"limit": 20,
"skip" 10
}

retrieves 10 elements starting from 20

#### Sorting

Sorting can be acieved with option parameter `sort` which takes an array of sort preferences

{
"sort": [['field1','asc'], ['field2','desc']]
}

With single ascending field the array can be replaced with the name of the field.

{
"sort": "name"
}

#### Explain

Option parameter `explain` turns the query into an explain query.

### Cursors

Cursor objects are the results for queries and can be used to fetch individual fields from the database.

#### nextObject

`cursor.nextObject(function(err, doc){})` retrieves the next record from database. If doc is null, then there weren't any more records.

#### each

`cursor.each(function(err, doc){})` retrieves all matching records one by one.

#### toArray

`cursor.toArray(function(err, docs){})` converts the cursor object into an array of all the matching records.

#### rewind

`cursor.rewind()` resets the internal pointer in the cursor to the beginning.

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