Syllable length measure for Old Norse (and extendable for Germanic languages)

[clemsciences]

Changes:

• x and z are added to possible letters,
• diphtongs are considered as long vowels (suggestions are welcome),
• measure_old_norse_syllable is the main new function: given a syllable, it calculates its length,
• old_norse_ipa "language" is introduced: it is not a new language but it is a kind of phonetic system specially made for Old Norse.

[codecov-io]

Codecov Report

Merging #827 into master will increase coverage by 0.04%.
The diff coverage is 100%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #827      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   89.37%   89.42%   +0.04%     
==========================================
  Files         183      183              
  Lines       11532    11583      +51     
==========================================
+ Hits        10307    10358      +51     
  Misses       1225     1225

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
cltk/tests/test_languages/test_old_norse.py	100% <100%> (ø)	⬆️
cltk/corpus/old_norse/syllabifier.py	100% <100%> (ø)	⬆️
cltk/phonology/syllabify.py	95.67% <100%> (+0.02%)	⬆️
cltk/phonology/old_norse/transcription.py	100% <100%> (ø)	⬆️

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[kylepjohnson]

I'll merge tomorrow, unless Ria or someone wants to review/merge now. Thx

[clemsciences]

Before merging, I should write docs and tests

[clemsciences]

I think it's ready for a merge.

[Sedictious]

Oddly enough, I was thinking about something similar just this morning. Overall, such additions are more than welcome, especially concerning the IPA transcription. I don't know whether this is the case with ON, but in certain languages have allophonic vowel length(which is mostly accounted for by IPA transcription), so a fool-proof analysis of quantitative verse is still somewhat unreachable.

I'm also done with my exams, so I'll soon start working on something similar.

[free-variation]

This looks neat. Phonology is not my strength, but is there any reason for me to not try to extend this to Old English?

[clemsciences]

I think trying it for Old English is a good thing if you have Old English poems that you can work on.