sql: populate information_schema.routines and parameters

[rafiss]

fixes #104083

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builtins: add nameconcatoid function

This adds the nameconcatoid in order to match PostgreSQL. It is used by
the information_schema to create unique names.

Release note (sql change): Added the nameconcatoid builtin function,
which concatenates a name with an OID.

---

sql: populate pg_catalog.pg_language

Release note (sql change): The pg_catalog.pg_language table is now
populated with data about languages used to define functions.

---

sql: implement information_schema.routines view

Release note (sql change): The information_schema.routines view is now
populated with information about functions.

---

builtins: add pg_get_function_arg_default

Add an implementation for pg_get_function_arg_default to match
PostgreSQL. Since we don't support function defaults, this always
returns NULL.

Release note: None

---

sql: populate information_schema.parameters

Release note (sql change): The information_schema.parameters table is
now populated with information about function parameters.

[cockroach-teamcity]

This change is 

[fqazi]

Reviewed 4 of 4 files at r1, 3 of 3 files at r2, 3 of 3 files at r3, 3 of 3 files at r4, 7 of 7 files at r5, all commit messages.
Reviewable status: complete! 1 of 0 LGTMs obtained (waiting on @rafiss)

[rafiss]

ty!

bors r+

[craig]

Build succeeded:

• Bazel Essential CI (Cockroach)

[yuzefovich]

Not sure how important this is, but on my laptop I have a different OID for the PLpgSQL language:

yuzefovich=# SHOW server_version;
 server_version  
-----------------
 16.2 (Homebrew)
(1 row)

yuzefovich=# select * from pg_catalog.pg_language;
  oid  | lanname  | lanowner | lanispl | lanpltrusted | lanplcallfoid | laninline | lanvalidator | lanacl 
-------+----------+----------+---------+--------------+---------------+-----------+--------------+--------
    12 | internal |       10 | f       | f            |             0 |         0 |         2246 | 
    13 | c        |       10 | f       | f            |             0 |         0 |         2247 | 
    14 | sql      |       10 | f       | t            |             0 |         0 |         2248 | 
 13876 | plpgsql  |       10 | t       | t            |         13873 |     13874 |        13875 | 
(4 rows)