release-24.1: stats: set the type resolver when dealing with virtual comp cols

[blathers-crl]

Backport 1/1 commits from #122313 on behalf of @yuzefovich.

/cc @cockroachdb/release

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We forgot to set the type resolver on the sema context that we create when dealing with virtual computed columns, and as a result stats collection on tables with such columns now might fail altogether. In a separate change I'll audit all callers of MakeSemaContext to prevent such a mistake in the future.

Fixes: #122312.

Release note (bug fix): CockroachDB could fail to collect table statistics on tables that have virtual computed columns of user-defined type if sql.stats.virtual_computed_columns.enabled cluster setting is enabled. The setting is introduced in 23.2.4 version and is disabled by default, so only this particular version is affected with non-default setting.

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Release justification: bug fix.

[blathers-crl]

Thanks for opening a backport.

Please check the backport criteria before merging:

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[cockroach-teamcity]

This change is 

[michae2]

Reviewed 3 of 3 files at r1, all commit messages.
Reviewable status: complete! 1 of 0 LGTMs obtained (waiting on @yuzefovich)