feat(ext/node): embed std/node into the snapshot

[bartlomieju]

This commit moves "deno_std/node" in "ext/node" crate. The code is
transpiled and snapshotted during the build process.

During the first pass a minimal amount of work was done to create the snapshot,
a lot of code in "ext/node" depends on presence of "Deno" global. This code
will be gradually fixed in the follow up PRs to migrate it to import relevant
APIs from "internal:" modules.

Currently the code from snapshot is not used in any way, and all Node/npm
compatibility still uses code from "https://deno.land/std/node" (or from the
location specified by "DENO_NODE_COMPAT_URL"). This will also be
handled in a follow up PRs.

[bartlomieju]

There are currently 3 blockers that we need to tackle:

tools/lint.js passes in ext/node (done)

references to Deno namespace are replaced with imports of internal modules (@bartlomieju)

replace imports of functionality outside of std/node with some embedded code:

• ext/node/polyfills/_test_util.ts depends on std/testing/asserts.ts (@kt3k) Removed as it's a testing utility
• ext/node/polyfills/assert.ts depends on std/testing/asserts.ts (@kt3k)
• ext/node/polyfills/http.ts depends on std/http/http_status.ts
• ext/node/polyfills/os.ts depends on std/fs/eol.ts
• ext/node/polyfills/url.ts depends on std/path/_constants.ts
• ext/node/polyfills/_fs/_fs_open.ts depends on std/fs/exists.ts
• ext/node/polyfills/_fs/_fs_writeFile.ts depends on std/streams/write_all.ts
• ext/node/polyfills/_fs/_fs_writeFile.ts depends on std/types.d.ts
• ext/node/polyfills/internal/buffer.mjs depends on std/encoding/base64.ts (@crowlKats)
• ext/node/polyfills/internal/buffer.mjs depends on std/encoding/base64url.ts (@crowlKats)
• ext/node/polyfills/internal/crypto/hash.ts depends on std/crypto/_wasm/mod.ts (@littledivy)
• ext/node/polyfills/internal/crypto/hash.ts depends on std/encoding/hex.ts (@littledivy)
• ext/node/polyfills/internal/crypto/hash.ts depends on std/encoding/base64.ts (@crowlKats)
• ext/node/polyfills/internal/crypto/hash.ts depends on std/encoding/base64url.ts (@crowlKats)
• ext/node/polyfills/internal_binding/_utils.ts depends on std/encoding/base64.ts (@crowlKats)
• ext/node/polyfills/internal_binding/_utils.ts depends on std/encoding/base64url.ts (@crowlKats)
• ext/node/polyfills/internal_binding/connection_wrap.ts depends on std/types.d.ts
• ext/node/polyfills/internal_binding/node_options.ts depends on std/flags/mod.ts
• ext/node/polyfills/internal_binding/stream_wrap.ts depends on std/streams/write_all.ts
• ext/node/polyfills/internal_binding/stream_wrap.ts depends on std/types.d.ts

EDIT: We can now successfully take a snapshot of ext/node/ and can run this code during runtime. Addressing references to Deno namespace are replaced with imports of internal modules is not gonna happen in this PR, I will address it in a follow up, since this PR is big enough already.

[kt3k]

I think ext/node/polyfills/_crypto/crypto_browserify/asn1.js/test/util.js is testing utility and is not needed to included in ext/node

[ry]

LGTM - after landing this we are leaving main in purgatory with all this code being unused. However I think it makes sense given the size of this patch.

[bartlomieju]

Blocked on #17735