This is the equivalent of a vagrant base box for vagrant's docker provider. Since it runs in a hypervisor it may be faster than solutions like VirtualBox that emulate the entire machine.
Tested in Docker Desktop on OSX.
This also demonstrates building a yum cache in one stage of a multistage build, then installing from that cache in another stage, avoiding both network traffic and bloat in the final image.
Requires buildkit. Export DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1 or add
{ "features": { "buildkit": true } } to the configuration.
export DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1
vagrant up --provider=docker