Consume PosixSignal in Hosting's ConsoleLifetime (#56057)

* Add NetCoreAppCurrent target to Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting

* Handle SIGTERM in Hosting and handle just like SIGINT (CTRL+C)

Don't listen to ProcessExit on net6.0+ in Hosting anymore. This allows for Environment.Exit to not hang the app.
Don't clobber ExitCode during ProcessExit now that SIGTERM is handled separately.

For non-net6.0 targets, only wait for the shutdown timeout, so the process doesn't hang forever.

Fix #55417
Fix #44086
Fix #50397
Fix #42224
Fix #35990

* Remove _shutdownBlock on netcoreappcurrent, as this is no longer waited on
* Change Console.CancelKeyPress to use PosixSignalRegistration SIGINT and SIGQUIT
* Use a no-op lifetime on mobile platforms

* Add docs for shutdown

src/libraries/Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.Systemd/tests/UseSystemdTests.cs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
 
 using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
-using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.Internal;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.Systemd;
 using Xunit;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting
@@ -19,7 +19,8 @@ public void DefaultsToOffOutsideOfService()
             using (host)
             {
                 var lifetime = host.Services.GetRequiredService<IHostLifetime>();
-                Assert.IsType<ConsoleLifetime>(lifetime);
+                Assert.NotNull(lifetime);
+                Assert.IsNotType<SystemdLifetime>(lifetime);
             }
         }
     }

src/libraries/Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting/Directory.Build.props

@@ -2,5 +2,6 @@
   <Import Project="..\Directory.Build.props" />
   <PropertyGroup>
     <IsAspNetCoreApp>true</IsAspNetCoreApp>
+    <IncludePlatformAttributes>true</IncludePlatformAttributes>
   </PropertyGroup>
-</Project>
+</Project>

src/libraries/Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting/docs/HostShutdown.md

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# Host Shutdown
+
+A Hosted Service process can be stopped in the following ways:
+
+1. If someone doesn't call `Run` or `WaitForShutdown` and the app exits normally with "Main" completing
+2. A crash occurs
+3. The app is forcefully shut down, e.g. SIGKILL (i.e. CTRL+Z)
+4. When ConsoleLifetime is used it listens for the following signals and attempts to stop the host gracefully
+    1. SIGINT (i.e. CTRL+C)
+    2. SIGQUIT (i.e. CTRL+BREAK on Windows, CTRL+`\` on Unix)
+    3. SIGTERM (sent by other apps, e.g. `docker stop`)
+5. The app calls `Environment.Exit(code)`
+
+Scenarios (1), (2), and (3) aren't handled directly by the Hosting code. The owner of the process needs to deal with
+them the same as any application.
+
+Scenarios (4) and (5) are handled specially by the built-in Hosting logic. Specifically by the ConsoleLifetime
+class. ConsoleLifetime tries to handle the "shutdown" signals listed in (4) and allow for a graceful exit to the
+application.
+
+Before .NET 6, there wasn't a way for .NET code to gracefully handle SIGTERM. To work around this limitation,
+ConsoleLifetime would subscribe to `AppDomain.CurrentDomain.ProcessExit`. When `ProcessExit` was raised,
+ConsoleLifetime would signal the Host to stop, and block the `ProcessExit` thread, waiting for the Host to stop.
+This would allow for the clean up code in the application to run - for example, `IHostedService.StopAsync` and code after
+`Host.Run` in the Main method.
+
+This caused other issues because SIGTERM wasn't the only way `ProcessExit` was raised. It is also raised by code
+in the application calling `Environment.Exit`. `Environment.Exit` isn't a graceful way of shutting down a process.
+It raises the `ProcessExit` event and then exits the process. The end of the Main method doesn't get executed. However,
+since ConsoleLifetime blocked `ProcessExit` waiting for the Host to shutdown, this behavior also lead to [deadlocks][deadlocks]
+due to `Environment.Exit` also blocking waiting for `ProcessExit` to return. Additionally, since SIGTERM handling was attempting
+to gracefully shut down the process, ConsoleLifetime would set the ExitCode to `0`, which [clobbered][clobbered] the user's
+exit code passed to `Environment.Exit`.
+
+[deadlocks]: https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/50397
+[clobbered]: https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/42224
+
+In .NET 6, we added new support to handle [POSIX signals][POSIX signals]. This allows for ConsoleLifetime to specifically
+handle SIGTERM gracefully, and no longer get involved when `Environment.Exit` is invoked. For .NET 6+, ConsoleLifetime no longer
+has logic to handle scenario (5) above. Apps that call `Environment.Exit`, and need to do clean up logic, can subscribe to
+`ProcessExit` themselves. Hosting will no longer attempt to gracefully stop the Host in this scenario.
+
+[POSIX signals]: https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/50527
+
+### Hosting Shutdown Process
+
+The following sequence model shows how the signals in (4) above are handled internally in the Hosting code. It isn't necessary
+for the majority of users to understand this process. But for developers that need a deep understanding, this may help them
+get started.
+
+After the Host has been started, when a user calls `Run` or `WaitForShutdown`, a handler gets registered for
+`ApplicationLifetime.ApplicationStopping`. Execution is paused in `WaitForShutdown`, waiting for the `ApplicationStopping`
+event to be raised. This is how the "Main" method doesn't return right away, and the app stays running until
+`Run`/`WaitForShutdown` returns.
+
+When a signal is sent to the process, it kicks off the following sequence.
+
+![image](images/HostShutdownSequence.png)
+
+The control flows from `ConsoleLifetime` to `ApplicationLifetime` to raise the `ApplicationStopping` event. This signals
+`WaitForShutdownAsync` to unblock the "Main" execution code. In the meantime, the POSIX signal handler returns with
+`Cancel = true` since this POSIX signal has been handled.
+
+The "Main" execution code starts executing again and tells the Host to `StopAsync()`, which in turn stops all the Hosted
+Services and raises any other stopped events.
+
+Finally, `WaitForShutdown` exits, allowing for any application clean up code to execute, and for the "Main" method
+to exit gracefully.

src/libraries/Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting/ref/Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.cs

@@ -50,9 +50,29 @@ public static partial class HostingHostBuilderExtensions
         public static Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder ConfigureLogging(this Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder hostBuilder, System.Action<Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.HostBuilderContext, Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.ILoggingBuilder> configureLogging) { throw null; }
         public static Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder ConfigureLogging(this Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder hostBuilder, System.Action<Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.ILoggingBuilder> configureLogging) { throw null; }
         public static Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder ConfigureServices(this Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder hostBuilder, System.Action<Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.IServiceCollection> configureDelegate) { throw null; }
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("android")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("ios")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("maccatalyst")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("tvos")]
         public static System.Threading.Tasks.Task RunConsoleAsync(this Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder hostBuilder, System.Action<Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.ConsoleLifetimeOptions> configureOptions, System.Threading.CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(System.Threading.CancellationToken)) { throw null; }
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("android")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("ios")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("maccatalyst")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("tvos")]
         public static System.Threading.Tasks.Task RunConsoleAsync(this Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder hostBuilder, System.Threading.CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(System.Threading.CancellationToken)) { throw null; }
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("android")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("ios")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("maccatalyst")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("tvos")]
         public static Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder UseConsoleLifetime(this Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder hostBuilder) { throw null; }
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("android")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("ios")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("maccatalyst")]
+        [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("tvos")]
         public static Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder UseConsoleLifetime(this Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder hostBuilder, System.Action<Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.ConsoleLifetimeOptions> configureOptions) { throw null; }
         public static Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder UseContentRoot(this Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder hostBuilder, string contentRoot) { throw null; }
         public static Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder UseDefaultServiceProvider(this Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostBuilder hostBuilder, System.Action<Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProviderOptions> configure) { throw null; }
@@ -78,6 +98,11 @@ public partial class ApplicationLifetime : Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IApplica
         public void NotifyStopped() { }
         public void StopApplication() { }
     }
+    [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("android")]
+    [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
+    [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("ios")]
+    [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("maccatalyst")]
+    [System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("tvos")]
     public partial class ConsoleLifetime : Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostLifetime, System.IDisposable
     {
         public ConsoleLifetime(Microsoft.Extensions.Options.IOptions<Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.ConsoleLifetimeOptions> options, Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostEnvironment environment, Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostApplicationLifetime applicationLifetime, Microsoft.Extensions.Options.IOptions<Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.HostOptions> hostOptions) { }

src/libraries/Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting/src/HostBuilder.cs

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting
     /// <summary>
     /// A program initialization utility.
     /// </summary>
-    public class HostBuilder : IHostBuilder
+    public partial class HostBuilder : IHostBuilder
     {
         private List<Action<IConfigurationBuilder>> _configureHostConfigActions = new List<Action<IConfigurationBuilder>>();
         private List<Action<HostBuilderContext, IConfigurationBuilder>> _configureAppConfigActions = new List<Action<HostBuilderContext, IConfigurationBuilder>>();
@@ -245,7 +245,9 @@ private void CreateServiceProvider()
             services.AddSingleton<IApplicationLifetime>(s => (IApplicationLifetime)s.GetService<IHostApplicationLifetime>());
 #pragma warning restore CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
             services.AddSingleton<IHostApplicationLifetime, ApplicationLifetime>();
-            services.AddSingleton<IHostLifetime, ConsoleLifetime>();
+
+            AddLifetime(services);
+
             services.AddSingleton<IHost>(_ =>
             {
                 return new Internal.Host(_appServices,

src/libraries/Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting/src/HostBuilder.netcoreapp.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Licensed to the .NET Foundation under one or more agreements.
+// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+
+using System;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.Internal;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting
+{
+    public partial class HostBuilder
+    {
+        private static void AddLifetime(ServiceCollection services)
+        {
+            if (!OperatingSystem.IsAndroid() && !OperatingSystem.IsBrowser() && !OperatingSystem.IsIOS() && !OperatingSystem.IsMacCatalyst() && !OperatingSystem.IsTvOS())
+            {
+                services.AddSingleton<IHostLifetime, ConsoleLifetime>();
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                services.AddSingleton<IHostLifetime, NullLifetime>();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/libraries/Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting/src/HostBuilder.notnetcoreapp.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Licensed to the .NET Foundation under one or more agreements.
+// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+
+using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.Internal;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting
+{
+    public partial class HostBuilder
+    {
+        private static void AddLifetime(ServiceCollection services)
+        {
+            services.AddSingleton<IHostLifetime, ConsoleLifetime>();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/libraries/Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting/src/HostingHostBuilderExtensions.cs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 using System.IO;
 using System.Reflection;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
@@ -225,7 +226,12 @@ public static IHostBuilder ConfigureDefaults(this IHostBuilder builder, string[]
             })
             .ConfigureLogging((hostingContext, logging) =>
             {
-                bool isWindows = RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Windows);
+                bool isWindows =
+#if NET6_0_OR_GREATER
+                    OperatingSystem.IsWindows();
+#else
+                    RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Windows);
+#endif
 
                 // IMPORTANT: This needs to be added *before* configuration is loaded, this lets
                 // the defaults be overridden by the configuration.
@@ -236,7 +242,12 @@ public static IHostBuilder ConfigureDefaults(this IHostBuilder builder, string[]
                 }
 
                 logging.AddConfiguration(hostingContext.Configuration.GetSection("Logging"));
-                logging.AddConsole();
+#if NET6_0_OR_GREATER
+                if (!OperatingSystem.IsBrowser())
+#endif
+                {
+                    logging.AddConsole();
+                }
                 logging.AddDebug();
                 logging.AddEventSourceLogger();
 
@@ -274,6 +285,11 @@ public static IHostBuilder ConfigureDefaults(this IHostBuilder builder, string[]
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="hostBuilder">The <see cref="IHostBuilder" /> to configure.</param>
         /// <returns>The same instance of the <see cref="IHostBuilder"/> for chaining.</returns>
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("android")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("ios")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("maccatalyst")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("tvos")]
         public static IHostBuilder UseConsoleLifetime(this IHostBuilder hostBuilder)
         {
             return hostBuilder.ConfigureServices(collection => collection.AddSingleton<IHostLifetime, ConsoleLifetime>());
@@ -286,6 +302,11 @@ public static IHostBuilder UseConsoleLifetime(this IHostBuilder hostBuilder)
         /// <param name="hostBuilder">The <see cref="IHostBuilder" /> to configure.</param>
         /// <param name="configureOptions">The delegate for configuring the <see cref="ConsoleLifetime"/>.</param>
         /// <returns>The same instance of the <see cref="IHostBuilder"/> for chaining.</returns>
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("android")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("ios")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("maccatalyst")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("tvos")]
         public static IHostBuilder UseConsoleLifetime(this IHostBuilder hostBuilder, Action<ConsoleLifetimeOptions> configureOptions)
         {
             return hostBuilder.ConfigureServices(collection =>
@@ -301,6 +322,11 @@ public static IHostBuilder UseConsoleLifetime(this IHostBuilder hostBuilder, Act
         /// <param name="hostBuilder">The <see cref="IHostBuilder" /> to configure.</param>
         /// <param name="cancellationToken">A <see cref="CancellationToken"/> that can be used to cancel the console.</param>
         /// <returns>A <see cref="Task"/> that only completes when the token is triggered or shutdown is triggered.</returns>
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("android")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("ios")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("maccatalyst")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("tvos")]
         public static Task RunConsoleAsync(this IHostBuilder hostBuilder, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
         {
             return hostBuilder.UseConsoleLifetime().Build().RunAsync(cancellationToken);
@@ -313,6 +339,11 @@ public static Task RunConsoleAsync(this IHostBuilder hostBuilder, CancellationTo
         /// <param name="configureOptions">The delegate for configuring the <see cref="ConsoleLifetime"/>.</param>
         /// <param name="cancellationToken">A <see cref="CancellationToken"/> that can be used to cancel the console.</param>
         /// <returns>A <see cref="Task"/> that only completes when the token is triggered or shutdown is triggered.</returns>
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("android")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("ios")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("maccatalyst")]
+        [UnsupportedOSPlatform("tvos")]
         public static Task RunConsoleAsync(this IHostBuilder hostBuilder, Action<ConsoleLifetimeOptions> configureOptions, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
         {
             return hostBuilder.UseConsoleLifetime(configureOptions).Build().RunAsync(cancellationToken);