[wasm] p/invoke and interop improvements (#94446)

    Refactor logging in the wasm build tasks to use a LogAdapter helper class that can either write to stdout/stderr or via the msbuild logging APIs
    Refactor ManagedToNativeGenerator so that it can run in either in-process or out-of-process modes (but it still runs in-process right now). This will enable us to pivot to out-of-process later if necessary.
    Add support for function pointer types via reflection (so that we can still build and run on net4x for visual studio). If S.R.MLC is sufficiently new, function pointers will now work, but if it's old, they won't.
    Add basic support for structs as arguments
    Implement scalar struct behavior from the wasm C ABI (structs containing one scalar are passed by-value instead of by-reference) in various places in the build tasks, interpreter, and AOT compiler
    Remove a use of varargs pinvoke from SystemNative because it isn't compatible with the WASM C ABI (it's replaced with two non-varargs pinvokes)
    Generate more accurate C signatures for pinvokes
    Expand WBT test coverage for pinvokes

---------

Co-authored-by: Larry Ewing <lewing@microsoft.com>
Co-authored-by: Ankit Jain <radical@gmail.com>

eng/Version.Details.xml

@@ -340,6 +340,11 @@
       <Sha>205ef031e0fe5152dede0bd9f99d0f6f9e7f1e45</Sha>
       <SourceBuild RepoName="runtime" ManagedOnly="false" />
     </Dependency>
+    <Dependency Name="System.Reflection.MetadataLoadContext" Version="8.0.0">
+      <Uri>https://github.com/dotnet/runtime</Uri>
+      <Sha>4dffd80c4d77c27e772a0be26e8036af77fbb26e</Sha>
+      <SourceBuild RepoName="runtime" ManagedOnly="false" />
+    </Dependency>
     <Dependency Name="Microsoft.DotNet.ILCompiler" Version="9.0.0-alpha.1.24072.1">
       <Uri>https://github.com/dotnet/runtime</Uri>
       <Sha>205ef031e0fe5152dede0bd9f99d0f6f9e7f1e45</Sha>

eng/Versions.props

@@ -123,16 +123,16 @@
     <MicrosoftWin32RegistryVersion>5.0.0</MicrosoftWin32RegistryVersion>
     <StyleCopAnalyzersVersion>1.2.0-beta.507</StyleCopAnalyzersVersion>
     <SystemBuffersVersion>4.5.1</SystemBuffersVersion>
-    <SystemCollectionsImmutableVersion>7.0.0</SystemCollectionsImmutableVersion>
+    <SystemCollectionsImmutableVersion>8.0.0</SystemCollectionsImmutableVersion>
     <SystemComponentModelAnnotationsVersion>5.0.0</SystemComponentModelAnnotationsVersion>
     <SystemDataSqlClientVersion>4.8.6</SystemDataSqlClientVersion>
     <SystemDrawingCommonVersion>8.0.0</SystemDrawingCommonVersion>
     <SystemIOFileSystemAccessControlVersion>5.0.0</SystemIOFileSystemAccessControlVersion>
     <SystemMemoryVersion>4.5.5</SystemMemoryVersion>
     <SystemReflectionMetadataVersion>9.0.0-alpha.1.24072.1</SystemReflectionMetadataVersion>
     <!-- Keep toolset versions in sync with dotnet/msbuild and dotnet/sdk -->
-    <SystemReflectionMetadataToolsetVersion>7.0.0</SystemReflectionMetadataToolsetVersion>
-    <SystemReflectionMetadataLoadContextVersion>7.0.0</SystemReflectionMetadataLoadContextVersion>
+    <SystemReflectionMetadataToolsetVersion>8.0.0</SystemReflectionMetadataToolsetVersion>
+    <SystemReflectionMetadataLoadContextVersion>8.0.0</SystemReflectionMetadataLoadContextVersion>
     <SystemSecurityAccessControlVersion>6.0.0</SystemSecurityAccessControlVersion>
     <SystemSecurityCryptographyCngVersion>5.0.0</SystemSecurityCryptographyCngVersion>
     <SystemSecurityCryptographyOpenSslVersion>5.0.0</SystemSecurityCryptographyOpenSslVersion>

src/libraries/Common/src/Interop/Unix/System.Native/Interop.SNPrintF.cs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ internal static partial class Sys
         /// success; if the return value is equal to the size then the result may have been truncated.
         /// On failure, returns a negative value.
         /// </returns>
-        [LibraryImport(Libraries.SystemNative, EntryPoint = "SystemNative_SNPrintF", StringMarshalling = StringMarshalling.Utf8, SetLastError = true)]
+        [LibraryImport(Libraries.SystemNative, EntryPoint = "SystemNative_SNPrintF_1S", StringMarshalling = StringMarshalling.Utf8, SetLastError = true)]
         internal static unsafe partial int SNPrintF(byte* str, int size, string format, string arg1);
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ internal static partial class Sys
         /// success; if the return value is equal to the size then the result may have been truncated.
         /// On failure, returns a negative value.
         /// </returns>
-        [LibraryImport(Libraries.SystemNative, EntryPoint = "SystemNative_SNPrintF", StringMarshalling = StringMarshalling.Utf8, SetLastError = true)]
+        [LibraryImport(Libraries.SystemNative, EntryPoint = "SystemNative_SNPrintF_1I", StringMarshalling = StringMarshalling.Utf8, SetLastError = true)]
         internal static unsafe partial int SNPrintF(byte* str, int size, string format, int arg1);
     }
 }

src/mono/mono/mini/aot-runtime-wasm.c

@@ -54,6 +54,14 @@ type_to_c (MonoType *t)
 			goto handle_enum;
 		}
 
+		// https://github.com/WebAssembly/tool-conventions/blob/main/BasicCABI.md#function-signatures
+		// Any struct or union that recursively (including through nested structs, unions, and arrays)
+		//  contains just a single scalar value and is not specified to have greater than natural alignment.
+		// FIXME: Handle the scenario where there are fields of struct types that contain no members
+		MonoType *scalar_vtype;
+		if (mini_wasm_is_scalar_vtype (t, &scalar_vtype))
+			return type_to_c (scalar_vtype);
+
 		return 'I';
 	case MONO_TYPE_GENERICINST:
 		if (m_class_is_valuetype (t->data.klass))

src/mono/mono/mini/interp/interp.c

@@ -1345,10 +1345,22 @@ typedef enum {
 
 typedef struct {
 	int ilen, flen;
-	PInvokeArgType ret_type;
+	MonoType *ret_mono_type;
+	PInvokeArgType ret_pinvoke_type;
 	PInvokeArgType *arg_types;
 } BuildArgsFromSigInfo;
 
+static MonoType *
+filter_type_for_args_from_sig (MonoType *type) {
+#if defined(HOST_WASM)
+	MonoType *etype;
+	if (MONO_TYPE_ISSTRUCT (type) && mini_wasm_is_scalar_vtype (type, &etype))
+		// FIXME: Does this need to be recursive?
+		return etype;
+#endif
+	return type;
+}
+
 static BuildArgsFromSigInfo *
 get_build_args_from_sig_info (MonoMemoryManager *mem_manager, MonoMethodSignature *sig)
 {
@@ -1360,7 +1372,7 @@ get_build_args_from_sig_info (MonoMemoryManager *mem_manager, MonoMethodSignatur
 	g_assert (!sig->hasthis);
 
 	for (int i = 0; i < sig->param_count; i++) {
-		MonoType *type = sig->params [i];
+		MonoType *type = filter_type_for_args_from_sig (sig->params [i]);
 		guint32 ptype;
 
 retry:
@@ -1442,7 +1454,9 @@ get_build_args_from_sig_info (MonoMemoryManager *mem_manager, MonoMethodSignatur
 	info->ilen = ilen;
 	info->flen = flen;
 
-	switch (sig->ret->type) {
+	info->ret_mono_type = filter_type_for_args_from_sig (sig->ret);
+
+	switch (info->ret_mono_type->type) {
 		case MONO_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
 		case MONO_TYPE_CHAR:
 		case MONO_TYPE_I1:
@@ -1463,17 +1477,17 @@ get_build_args_from_sig_info (MonoMemoryManager *mem_manager, MonoMethodSignatur
 		case MONO_TYPE_U8:
 		case MONO_TYPE_VALUETYPE:
 		case MONO_TYPE_GENERICINST:
-			info->ret_type = PINVOKE_ARG_INT;
+			info->ret_pinvoke_type = PINVOKE_ARG_INT;
 			break;
 		case MONO_TYPE_R4:
 		case MONO_TYPE_R8:
-			info->ret_type = PINVOKE_ARG_R8;
+			info->ret_pinvoke_type = PINVOKE_ARG_R8;
 			break;
 		case MONO_TYPE_VOID:
-			info->ret_type = PINVOKE_ARG_NONE;
+			info->ret_pinvoke_type = PINVOKE_ARG_NONE;
 			break;
 		default:
-			g_error ("build_args_from_sig: ret type not implemented yet: 0x%x\n", sig->ret->type);
+			g_error ("build_args_from_sig: ret type not implemented yet: 0x%x\n", info->ret_mono_type->type);
 	}
 
 	return info;
@@ -1563,7 +1577,7 @@ build_args_from_sig (InterpMethodArguments *margs, MonoMethodSignature *sig, Bui
 		}
 	}
 
-	switch (info->ret_type) {
+	switch (info->ret_pinvoke_type) {
 	case PINVOKE_ARG_INT:
 		margs->retval = (gpointer*)frame->retval;
 		margs->is_float_ret = 0;
@@ -1781,8 +1795,8 @@ ves_pinvoke_method (
 	g_free (ccontext.stack);
 #else
 	// Only the vt address has been returned, we need to copy the entire content on interp stack
-	if (!context->has_resume_state && MONO_TYPE_ISSTRUCT (sig->ret))
-		stackval_from_data (sig->ret, frame.retval, (char*)frame.retval->data.p, sig->pinvoke && !sig->marshalling_disabled);
+	if (!context->has_resume_state && MONO_TYPE_ISSTRUCT (call_info->ret_mono_type))
+		stackval_from_data (call_info->ret_mono_type, frame.retval, (char*)frame.retval->data.p, sig->pinvoke && !sig->marshalling_disabled);
 
 	if (margs.iargs != margs.iargs_buf)
 		g_free (margs.iargs);
@@ -4252,7 +4266,7 @@ mono_interp_exec_method (InterpFrame *frame, ThreadContext *context, FrameClause
 				LOCAL_VAR (call_args_offset, gpointer) = unboxed;
 			}
 
-jit_call:		
+jit_call:
 			{
 				InterpMethodCodeType code_type = cmethod->code_type;
 

src/mono/mono/mini/mini-llvm.c

@@ -4192,6 +4192,7 @@ emit_entry_bb (EmitContext *ctx, LLVMBuilderRef builder)
 		case LLVMArgVtypeAddr:
 		case LLVMArgVtypeByRef:
 		case LLVMArgAsFpArgs:
+		case LLVMArgWasmVtypeAsScalar:
 		{
 			MonoClass *klass = mono_class_from_mono_type_internal (ainfo->type);
 			if (mini_class_is_simd (ctx->cfg, klass)) {
@@ -4968,6 +4969,8 @@ process_call (EmitContext *ctx, MonoBasicBlock *bb, LLVMBuilderRef *builder_ref,
 		if (!addresses [call->inst.dreg])
 			addresses [call->inst.dreg] = build_alloca_address (ctx, sig->ret);
 		emit_store (builder, lcall, convert_full (ctx, addresses [call->inst.dreg]->value, pointer_type (LLVMTypeOf (lcall)), FALSE), is_volatile);
+		load_name = "wasm_vtype_as_scalar";
+		should_promote_to_value = TRUE;
 		break;
 	}
 	default:
@@ -5421,6 +5424,7 @@ static LLVMValueRef
 concatenate_vectors (EmitContext *ctx, LLVMValueRef xs, LLVMValueRef ys)
 {
 	LLVMTypeRef t = LLVMTypeOf (xs);
+	g_assert (LLVMGetTypeKind (t) == LLVMVectorTypeKind);
 	unsigned int elems = LLVMGetVectorSize (t) * 2;
 	int mask [MAX_VECTOR_ELEMS] = { 0 };
 	for (guint i = 0; i < elems; ++i)
@@ -6175,8 +6179,13 @@ process_bb (EmitContext *ctx, MonoBasicBlock *bb)
 					}
 					break;
 				case LLVMArgWasmVtypeAsScalar:
-					g_assert (addresses [ins->sreg1]);
-					retval = LLVMBuildLoad2 (builder, ret_type, build_ptr_cast (builder, addresses [ins->sreg1]->value, pointer_type (ret_type)), "");
+					if (!addresses [ins->sreg1]) {
+						/* SIMD value */
+						g_assert (lhs);
+						retval = LLVMBuildBitCast (builder, lhs, ret_type, "");
+					} else {
+						retval = LLVMBuildLoad2 (builder, ret_type, build_ptr_cast (builder, addresses [ins->sreg1]->value, pointer_type (ret_type)), "");
+					}
 					break;
 				}
 				LLVMBuildRet (builder, retval);
@@ -6225,8 +6234,8 @@ process_bb (EmitContext *ctx, MonoBasicBlock *bb)
 
 					if (lhs) {
 						// Vector3: ret_type is Vector3, lhs is Vector3 represented as a Vector4 (three elements + zero). We need to extract only the first 3 elements from lhs.
-						int len = mono_class_value_size (klass, NULL) == 12 ? 3 : LLVMGetVectorSize (LLVMTypeOf (lhs));  
-						
+						int len = mono_class_value_size (klass, NULL) == 12 ? 3 : LLVMGetVectorSize (LLVMTypeOf (lhs));
+
 						for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 							elem = LLVMBuildExtractElement (builder, lhs, const_int32 (i), "extract_elem");
 							retval = LLVMBuildInsertValue (builder, retval, elem, i, "insert_val_struct");
@@ -6841,7 +6850,7 @@ MONO_RESTORE_WARNING
 			// LLVM should fuse the individual Div and Rem instructions into one DIV/IDIV on x86
 			values [ins->dreg] = LLVMBuildTrunc (builder, LLVMBuildSDiv (builder, dividend, divisor, ""), part_type, "");
 			last_divrem = LLVMBuildTrunc (builder, LLVMBuildSRem (builder, dividend, divisor, ""), part_type, "");
-			break;	
+			break;
 		}
 		case OP_X86_IDIVREMU:
 		case OP_X86_LDIVREMU: {
@@ -6856,7 +6865,7 @@ MONO_RESTORE_WARNING
 			LLVMValueRef divisor = LLVMBuildZExt (builder, convert (ctx, arg3, part_type), full_type, "");
 			values [ins->dreg] = LLVMBuildTrunc (builder, LLVMBuildUDiv (builder, dividend, divisor, ""), part_type, "");
 			last_divrem = LLVMBuildTrunc (builder, LLVMBuildURem (builder, dividend, divisor, ""), part_type, "");
-			break;	
+			break;
 		}
 		case OP_X86_IDIVREM2:
 		case OP_X86_LDIVREM2: {
@@ -10671,7 +10680,7 @@ MONO_RESTORE_WARNING
 
 			// convert to 0/1
 			result = LLVMBuildICmp (builder, LLVMIntEQ, first_elem, LLVMConstAllOnes (LLVMInt64Type ()), "");
-			
+
 			values [ins->dreg] = LLVMBuildZExt (builder, result, LLVMInt8Type (), "");
 			break;
 		}
@@ -12020,7 +12029,7 @@ MONO_RESTORE_WARNING
 			gboolean scalar = ins->opcode == OP_NEGATION_SCALAR;
 			gboolean is_float = (ins->inst_c1 == MONO_TYPE_R4 || ins->inst_c1 == MONO_TYPE_R8);
 
-			LLVMValueRef result = lhs; 
+			LLVMValueRef result = lhs;
 			if (scalar)
 				result = scalar_from_vector (ctx, result);
 			if (is_float)

src/mono/mono/mini/mini-wasm.c

@@ -774,8 +774,6 @@ mini_wasm_is_scalar_vtype (MonoType *type, MonoType **etype)
 				return FALSE;
 		} else if (!((MONO_TYPE_IS_PRIMITIVE (t) || MONO_TYPE_IS_REFERENCE (t) || MONO_TYPE_IS_POINTER (t)))) {
 			return FALSE;
-		} else if (size == 8 && t->type != MONO_TYPE_R8) {
-			return FALSE;
 		} else {
 			if (etype)
 				*etype = t;