Math and numbers

[evancz]

The goal of this issue is to organize all of the math related issues in one place and categorize them so something coherent can be done.

API Suggestions

• Add epsilon to Basics #238 - Add equivalent of Number.EPSILON to Basics
• Change type of toFloat to number -> Float #190 - Change toFloat to number -> Float
• Suggestion: Change the type of (%) to number -> number -> number #4 - change (%) to act on number types instead of Int
• Fix String.toFloat #342 - Change String.toFloat to accept NaN and Infinity and e but disallow .1

Math is weird because of JavaScript

• Inconsistencies with various division operators and NaN/Infinity #590 - integer division by zero
• Integer division doesn't work with left operands larger than LONG_MAX #92 - integer division that overflows 32-bits
• Exponentiation of negative Ints #194 - exponentiation with negative integers
• Use Math.trunc in Basics.truncate #591 - change Basics.truncate to behave differently
• NaN argument to the mod operator (%) causes unbounded recursion #862 - you can create NaN of type Int

[process-bot]

Thanks for the issue! Make sure it satisfies this checklist. My human colleagues will appreciate it!

Here is what to expect next, and if anyone wants to comment, keep these things in mind.