Remove dependency on window throughout Ember

Previously, Ember used the `window` object for
three concerns:

* `imports`: libraries that Ember requires in
  order to work, such as `jQuery`, `Handlebars`,
  and `Metamorph`
* `exports`: the variables that Ember itself
  exports (`Ember` and `Em`)
* `lookup`: the global lookup path for application
  code (e.g. when used in Handlebars templates).

Now, these three concerns are looked up on
`Ember.imports`, `Ember.exports` and
`Ember.lookup` respectively.

For convenience, all three of these are assigned
to `window` by default.

You can change the defaults by assigning a new
Ember object before loading Ember:

```javascript
var imports = {
  Handlebars: Handlebars,
  Metamorph: Metamorph,
  jQuery: jQuery
};

var exports = {}, lookup = {};

Ember = {
  imports: imports,
  exports: exports,
  lookup: lookup
}
```

You can use this to package Ember for external
module loaders like AMD:

```javascript
define("Ember",
  ["exports",
   "App",
   "handlebars",
   "metamorph",
    "jQuery"],
  function(exports, App, Handlebars, Metamorph, jQuery) {
    var imports = {
      Handlebars: Handlebars,
      Metamorph: Metamorph,
      jQuery: jQuery
    };

    var Ember = {
      imports: imports,
      exports: exports,
      lookup: { App: App }
    }

    // distributed ember.js
  });

define("App", [], function() {
  return {};
});

define("Post",
  ["App", "Ember"],
  function(App, Ember) {
    App.Post = Ember.Object.extend({
      // stuff
    });
  });
```

You can use a similar technique to package Ember
Runtime for Node or other environments with
CommonJS-style modules.

packages/ember-application/tests/system/application_test.js

@@ -70,16 +70,21 @@ test("you cannot make two default applications without a rootElement error", fun
 });
 
 test("acts like a namespace", function() {
-  var app;
-  Ember.run(function() {
-    app = window.TestApp = Ember.Application.create({rootElement: '#two'});
-  });
-  app.Foo = Ember.Object.extend();
-  equal(app.Foo.toString(), "TestApp.Foo", "Classes pick up their parent namespace");
-  Ember.run(function() {
-    app.destroy();
-  });
-  window.TestApp = undefined;
+  var originalLookup = Ember.lookup;
+
+  try {
+    var lookup = Ember.lookup = {}, app;
+    Ember.run(function() {
+      app = lookup.TestApp = Ember.Application.create({rootElement: '#two'});
+    });
+    app.Foo = Ember.Object.extend();
+    equal(app.Foo.toString(), "TestApp.Foo", "Classes pick up their parent namespace");
+    Ember.run(function() {
+      app.destroy();
+    });
+  } finally {
+    Ember.lookup = originalLookup;
+  }
 });
 
 var app;
@@ -334,4 +339,4 @@ test("Minimal Application initialized with an application template and injection
   });
 
   equal(Ember.$('#qunit-fixture').text(), 'Hello Kris!');
-});
+});

packages/ember-handlebars/lib/ext.js

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-/*globals Handlebars */
-
 require("ember-views/system/render_buffer");
 
 /**
@@ -9,8 +7,8 @@ require("ember-views/system/render_buffer");
 
 var objectCreate = Ember.create;
 
-
-Ember.assert("Ember Handlebars requires Handlebars 1.0.beta.5 or greater", window.Handlebars && window.Handlebars.VERSION.match(/^1\.0\.beta\.[56789]$|^1\.0\.rc\.[123456789]+/));
+var Handlebars = Ember.imports.Handlebars;
+Ember.assert("Ember Handlebars requires Handlebars 1.0.beta.5 or greater", Handlebars && Handlebars.VERSION.match(/^1\.0\.beta\.[56789]$|^1\.0\.rc\.[123456789]+/));
 
 /**
   Prepares the Handlebars templating library for use inside Ember's view
@@ -234,8 +232,10 @@ Ember.Handlebars.getPath = function(root, path, options) {
 
   value = Ember.get(root, path);
 
-  if (value === undefined && root !== window && Ember.isGlobalPath(path)) {
-    value = Ember.get(window, path);
+  // If the path starts with a capital letter, look it up on Ember.lookup,
+  // which defaults to the `window` object in browsers.
+  if (value === undefined && root !== Ember.lookup && Ember.isGlobalPath(path)) {
+    value = Ember.get(Ember.lookup, path);
   }
   return value;
 };

packages/ember-handlebars/tests/controls/button_test.js

@@ -2,8 +2,12 @@ var button, dispatcher;
 
 var get = Ember.get, set = Ember.set;
 
+var originalLookup = Ember.lookup, lookup;
+
 module("Ember.Button", {
   setup: function() {
+    lookup = Ember.lookup = {};
+
     Ember.TESTING_DEPRECATION = true;
     dispatcher = Ember.EventDispatcher.create();
     dispatcher.setup();
@@ -16,6 +20,7 @@ module("Ember.Button", {
       dispatcher.destroy();
     });
     Ember.TESTING_DEPRECATION = false;
+    Ember.lookup = originalLookup;
   }
 });
 
@@ -178,7 +183,7 @@ test("should not trigger an action when another key is pressed", function() {
 test("should trigger an action on a String target when clicked", function() {
   var wasClicked = false;
 
-  window.MyApp = {
+  lookup.MyApp = {
     myActionObject: Ember.Object.create({
       myAction: function() {
         wasClicked = true;
@@ -199,8 +204,6 @@ test("should trigger an action on a String target when clicked", function() {
   synthesizeEvent('mouseup', button);
 
   ok(wasClicked);
-
-  window.MyApp = undefined;
 });
 
 test("should not trigger action if mouse leaves area before mouseup", function() {

packages/ember-handlebars/tests/handlebars_test.js

@@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ var appendView = function() {
 };
 
 var additionalTeardown;
+var originalLookup = Ember.lookup, lookup;
+var TemplateTests;
 
 /**
   This module specifically tests integration with Handlebars and Ember-specific
@@ -72,7 +74,8 @@ var additionalTeardown;
 */
 module("Ember.View - handlebars integration", {
   setup: function() {
-    window.TemplateTests = Ember.Namespace.create();
+    Ember.lookup = lookup = { Ember: Ember };
+    lookup.TemplateTests = TemplateTests = Ember.Namespace.create();
   },
 
   teardown: function() {
@@ -82,7 +85,7 @@ module("Ember.View - handlebars integration", {
       });
       view = null;
     }
-    window.TemplateTests = undefined;
+    Ember.lookup = originalLookup;
   }
 });
 
@@ -198,8 +201,6 @@ test("should not escape HTML if string is a Handlebars.SafeString", function() {
   equal(view.$('i').length, 1, "creates an element when value is updated");
 });
 
-TemplateTests = {};
-
 test("child views can be inserted using the {{view}} Handlebars helper", function() {
   var templates = Ember.Object.create({
     nester: Ember.Handlebars.compile("<h1 id='hello-world'>Hello {{world}}</h1>{{view \"TemplateTests.LabelView\"}}"),
@@ -1140,8 +1141,10 @@ test("{{view}} should be able to point to a local view", function() {
 });
 
 test("{{view}} should evaluate class bindings set to global paths", function() {
+  var App;
+
   Ember.run(function() {
-    window.App = Ember.Application.create({
+    lookup.App = App = Ember.Application.create({
       isApp:       true,
       isGreat:     true,
       directClass: "app-direct",
@@ -1172,7 +1175,7 @@ test("{{view}} should evaluate class bindings set to global paths", function() {
   ok(view.$('input').hasClass('disabled'),    "evaluates ternary operator in classBindings");
 
   Ember.run(function() {
-    window.App.destroy();
+    lookup.App.destroy();
   });
 });
 
@@ -1205,8 +1208,10 @@ test("{{view}} should evaluate class bindings set in the current context", funct
 });
 
 test("{{view}} should evaluate class bindings set with either classBinding or classNameBindings", function() {
+  var App;
+
   Ember.run(function() {
-    window.App = Ember.Application.create({
+    lookup.App = App = Ember.Application.create({
       isGreat: true,
       isEnabled: true
     });
@@ -1236,13 +1241,13 @@ test("{{view}} should evaluate class bindings set with either classBinding or cl
   ok(view.$('input').hasClass('really-disabled'), "evaluates ternary operator in classBindings");
 
   Ember.run(function() {
-    window.App.destroy();
+    lookup.App.destroy();
   });
 });
 
 test("{{view}} should evaluate other attribute bindings set to global paths", function() {
   Ember.run(function() {
-    window.App = Ember.Application.create({
+    lookup.App = Ember.Application.create({
       name: "myApp"
     });
   });
@@ -1256,7 +1261,7 @@ test("{{view}} should evaluate other attribute bindings set to global paths", fu
   equal(view.$('input').attr('value'), "myApp", "evaluates attributes bound to global paths");
 
   Ember.run(function() {
-    window.App.destroy();
+    lookup.App.destroy();
   });
 });
 
@@ -1944,6 +1949,8 @@ test("should be able to explicitly set a view's context", function() {
 
 module("Ember.View - handlebars integration", {
   setup: function() {
+    Ember.lookup = lookup = { Ember: Ember };
+
     originalLog = Ember.Logger.log;
     logCalls = [];
     Ember.Logger.log = function(arg) { logCalls.push(arg); };
@@ -1958,6 +1965,7 @@ module("Ember.View - handlebars integration", {
     }
 
     Ember.Logger.log = originalLog;
+    Ember.lookup = originalLookup;
   }
 });
 
@@ -2003,16 +2011,18 @@ test("should be able to log `this`", function() {
   equal(logCalls[1], 'two', "should call log with item two");
 });
 
+var MyApp;
 
 module("Templates redrawing and bindings", {
   setup: function(){
-    MyApp = Ember.Object.create({});
+    Ember.lookup = lookup = { Ember: Ember };
+    MyApp = lookup.MyApp = Ember.Object.create({});
   },
   teardown: function(){
     Ember.run(function() {
       if (view) view.destroy();
     });
-    window.MyApp = null;
+    Ember.lookup = originalLookup;
   }
 });
 
@@ -2184,8 +2194,10 @@ test("bindings can be 'this', in which case they *are* the current context", fun
 test("should not enter an infinite loop when binding an attribute in Handlebars", function() {
   expect(0);
 
+  var App;
+
   Ember.run(function() {
-    window.App = Ember.Application.create();
+    lookup.App = App = Ember.Application.create();
   });
 
   App.test = Ember.Object.create({ href: 'test' });
@@ -2216,7 +2228,7 @@ test("should not enter an infinite loop when binding an attribute in Handlebars"
   });
 
   Ember.run(function() {
-    window.App.destroy();
+    lookup.App.destroy();
   });
 });
 

packages/ember-handlebars/tests/helpers/each_test.js

@@ -4,8 +4,12 @@ var templateFor = function(template) {
   return Ember.Handlebars.compile(template);
 };
 
+var originalLookup = Ember.lookup, lookup;
+
 module("the #each helper", {
   setup: function() {
+    Ember.lookup = lookup = { Ember: Ember };
+
     template = templateFor("{{#each people}}{{name}}{{/each}}");
     people = Ember.A([{ name: "Steve Holt" }, { name: "Annabelle" }]);
 
@@ -16,7 +20,7 @@ module("the #each helper", {
 
 
     templateMyView = templateFor("{{name}}");
-    window.MyView = Ember.View.extend({
+    lookup.MyView = Ember.View.extend({
         template: templateMyView
     });
 
@@ -28,6 +32,7 @@ module("the #each helper", {
       view.destroy();
       view = null;
     });
+    Ember.lookup = originalLookup;
   }
 });
 
@@ -211,7 +216,7 @@ test("it supports {{itemViewClass=}} with tagName", function() {
 
 test("it supports {{itemViewClass=}} with in format", function() {
 
-  window.MyView = Ember.View.extend({
+  lookup.MyView = Ember.View.extend({
       template: templateFor("{{person.name}}")
   });
 

packages/ember-handlebars/tests/helpers/with_test.js

@@ -5,9 +5,12 @@ var appendView = function(view) {
 };
 
 var view;
+var originalLookup = Ember.lookup, lookup;
 
 module("Handlebars {{#with}} helper", {
   setup: function() {
+    Ember.lookup = lookup = { Ember: Ember };
+
     view = Ember.View.create({
       template: Ember.Handlebars.compile("{{#with person as tom}}{{title}}: {{tom.name}}{{/with}}"),
       title: "Señor Engineer",
@@ -21,6 +24,7 @@ module("Handlebars {{#with}} helper", {
     Ember.run(function(){
       view.destroy();
     });
+    Ember.lookup = originalLookup;
   }
 });
 
@@ -56,7 +60,9 @@ test("updating a property on the view should update the HTML", function() {
 
 module("Handlebars {{#with}} globals helper", {
   setup: function() {
-    window.Foo = { bar: 'baz' };
+    Ember.lookup = lookup = { Ember: Ember };
+
+    lookup.Foo = { bar: 'baz' };
     view = Ember.View.create({
       template: Ember.Handlebars.compile("{{#with Foo.bar as qux}}{{qux}}{{/with}}")
     });
@@ -66,17 +72,17 @@ module("Handlebars {{#with}} globals helper", {
 
   teardown: function() {
     Ember.run(function(){
-      window.Foo = null;
       view.destroy();
     });
+    Ember.lookup = originalLookup;
   }
 });
 
 test("it should support #with Foo.bar as qux", function() {
   equal(view.$().text(), "baz", "should be properly scoped");
 
   Ember.run(function() {
-    Ember.set(Foo, 'bar', 'updated');
+    Ember.set(lookup.Foo, 'bar', 'updated');
   });
 
   equal(view.$().text(), "updated", "should update");

packages/ember-handlebars/tests/helpers/yield_test.js

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-/*global TemplateTests*/
-
 var set = Ember.set, get = Ember.get;
 
-var view;
+var originalLookup = Ember.lookup, lookup, TemplateTests, view;
 
 module("Support for {{yield}} helper (#307)", {
   setup: function() {
-    window.TemplateTests = Ember.Namespace.create();
+    Ember.lookup = lookup = { Ember: Ember };
+
+    lookup.TemplateTests = TemplateTests = Ember.Namespace.create();
   },
   teardown: function() {
     Ember.run(function(){
@@ -15,8 +15,7 @@ module("Support for {{yield}} helper (#307)", {
       }}
     );
 
-
-    window.TemplateTests = undefined;
+    Ember.lookup = originalLookup;
   }
 });
 

packages/ember-handlebars/tests/loader_test.js

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
-/*global Tobias:true*/
+var originalLookup = Ember.lookup, lookup, Tobias;
 
 module("test Ember.Handlebars.bootstrap", {
+  setup: function() {
+    Ember.lookup = lookup = { Ember: Ember };
+  },
   teardown: function() {
     Ember.TEMPLATES = {};
-    window.Tobias = undefined;
+    Ember.lookup = originalLookup;
   }
 });