Remote receiver improvements

[Mat931]

What does this implement/fix?

• Allow setting the tolerance in microseconds (Required for some protocols)
• ESP32: Add a software-based glitch filter (Reason: The filter of the RMT peripheral doesn't filter out all glitches)
• ESP32: Prevent overflow of filter_ticks_thresh and idle_threshold
• ESP32: Allow changing the clock divider
• Change filter to uint32_t (see increase size filter range #4244)
• Add more Config Validation

Types of changes

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Other

Related issue or feature (if applicable): fixes esphome/issues#3537, fixes esphome/issues#4068, fixes esphome/issues#5534

Pull request in esphome-docs with documentation (if applicable): esphome/esphome-docs#2797

Test Environment

• ESP32
• ESP32 IDF
• ESP8266
• RP2040

Example entry for config.yaml:

# Example config.yaml

external_components:
  - source: github://pr#4642
    components: [remote_base, remote_receiver]
    refresh: always

remote_receiver:
  pin: GPIO25
  filter: 8us
  tolerance: 15us
  idle: 1500us
  clock_divider: 160

Checklist:

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works (under tests/ folder).

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated in esphome-docs.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 53.43%. Comparing base (4d8b5ed) to head (12fbbbf).
Report is 390 commits behind head on dev.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##              dev    #4642      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   53.70%   53.43%   -0.28%     
==========================================
  Files          50       50              
  Lines        9408     9538     +130     
  Branches     1654     1685      +31     
==========================================
+ Hits         5053     5097      +44     
- Misses       4056     4130      +74     
- Partials      299      311      +12     

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[esphome]

Please take a look at the requested changes, and use the Ready for review button when you are done, thanks 👍

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[dgomes]

can confirm this code works properly :)