binary_sensor filters templatable delays

[dudanov]

What does this implement/fix?

1. Binary sensors delay filters can be configured with template parameters similar to the delay action:

binary_sensor:
  - platform: ...
    filters:
      - delayed_on_off: !lambda "return id(drying_delay).state * 1000;"
      - delayed_on: !lambda "return 1000;"
      - delayed_off: !lambda "return 2000;"

2. delayed_on_off filter can take the turn-on and turn-off delay times as separate parameters time_on and time_off if required, which is simply irreplaceable for many automations (it is impossible to replace it with a chain of delayed_on and delayed_off). Of course, backward compatibility is preserved. Moreover, the old one-line notation is shorter and it is better to use it if the delays are the same.

binary_sensor:
  - platform: ...
    filters:
      - delayed_on_off:
          time_on: 2min
          time_off: !lambda "return id(drying_delay).state * 1000;"

Types of changes

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Other

Pull request in esphome-docs with documentation (if applicable): esphome/esphome-docs#3034

Test Environment

• ESP32
• ESP32 IDF
• ESP8266
• RP2040

Checklist:

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works (under tests/ folder).

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated in esphome-docs.

[probot-esphome]

Hey there @esphome/core, mind taking a look at this pull request as it has been labeled with an integration (binary_sensor) you are listed as a code owner for? Thanks!
_{^{(message by CodeOwnersMention)}}

[jesserockz]

Thanks