Command Line Options
$ geth --help
>
NAME:
gethc3.5 - the go-ethereum command line interface
USAGE:
gethc3.5 [options] command [command options] [arguments...]
VERSION:
v3.5.0
COMMANDS:
import import a blockchain file
export export blockchain into file
dump-chain-config, dumpchainconfig dump current chain configuration to JSON file [REQUIRED argument: filepath.json]
upgrade-db, upgradedb upgrade chainblock database
remove-db, removedb Remove blockchain and state databases
dump dump a specific block from storage
rollback, roll-back, set-head, sethead rollback [block index number] - set current head for blockchain
monitor Geth Monitor: node metrics monitoring and visualization
account manage accounts
wallet ethereum presale wallet
console Geth Console: interactive JavaScript environment
attach Geth Console: interactive JavaScript environment (connect to node)
js executes the given JavaScript files in the Geth JavaScript VM
status status - get the status of the current node
make-dag, makedag generate ethash dag (for testing)
gpu-info, gpuinfo gpuinfo
gpu-bench, gpubench benchmark GPU
version print ethereum version numbers
help, h Shows a list of commands or help for one command
ETHEREUM OPTIONS:
--data-dir, --datadir "/Users/ia/Library/EthereumClassic" Data directory for the databases and keystore
--chain value Identifier of blockchain network to use (default='mainnet', test='morden').
Relevant data for this blockchain will correlate to subdirectories under your base data directory (--datadir), by ie $HOME/Library/EthereumClassic/mainnet/.
If using a custom identity (i.e. --chain=custom), there must be a valid JSON chain configuration file at <datadir>/custom/chain.json
(default: "mainnet")
--keystore Directory for the keystore (default = inside the datadir)
--network-id value, --networkid value Network identifier (integer, 0=Olympic, 1=Homestead, 2=Morden) (default: 1)
--testnet Morden network: pre-configured test network with modified starting nonces (replay protection)
--dev Developer mode: pre-configured private network with several debugging flags
--identity value Custom node name
--fast Enable fast syncing through state downloads
--light-kdf, --lightkdf Reduce key-derivation RAM & CPU usage at some expense of KDF strength
--cache value Megabytes of memory allocated to internal caching (min 16MB / database forced) (default: 128)
--blockchain-version value, --blockchainversion value Blockchain version (integer) (default: 3)
ACCOUNT OPTIONS:
--unlock value Comma separated list of accounts to unlock
--password value Password file to use for non-inteactive password input
--index-accounts, --indexaccounts Enable key-value db store for indexing large amounts of key files
API AND CONSOLE OPTIONS:
--rpc Enable the HTTP-RPC server
--rpc-addr value, --rpcaddr value HTTP-RPC server listening interface (default: "localhost")
--rpc-port value, --rpcport value HTTP-RPC server listening port (default: 8545)
--rpc-api value, --rpcapi value API's offered over the HTTP-RPC interface (default: "eth,net,web3")
--ws Enable the WS-RPC server
--ws-addr value, --wsaddr value WS-RPC server listening interface (default: "localhost")
--ws-port value, --wsport value WS-RPC server listening port (default: 8546)
--ws-api value, --wsapi value API's offered over the WS-RPC interface (default: "eth,net,web3")
--ws-origins value, --wsorigins value Origins from which to accept websockets requests
--ipc-disable, --ipcdisable Disable the IPC-RPC server
--ipc-api value, --ipcapi value API's offered over the IPC-RPC interface (default: "admin,debug,eth,miner,net,personal,shh,txpool,web3")
--ipc-path, --ipcpath "geth.ipc" Filename for IPC socket/pipe within the datadir (explicit paths escape it)
--rpc-cors-domain value, --rpccorsdomain value Comma separated list of domains from which to accept cross origin requests (browser enforced)
--js-path loadScript, --jspath loadScript JavaScript root path for loadScript and document root for `admin.httpGet` (default: ".")
--exec value Execute JavaScript statement (only in combination with console/attach)
--preload value Comma separated list of JavaScript files to preload into the console
NETWORKING OPTIONS:
--bootnodes value Comma separated enode URLs for P2P discovery bootstrap
--port value Network listening port (default: 30303)
--max-peers value, --maxpeers value Maximum number of network peers (network disabled if set to 0) (default: 25)
--max-pend-peers value, --maxpendpeers value Maximum number of pending connection attempts (defaults used if set to 0) (default: 0)
--nat value NAT port mapping mechanism (any|none|upnp|pmp|extip:<IP>) (default: "any")
--no-discover, --nodiscover Disables the peer discovery mechanism (manual peer addition)
--nodekey value P2P node key file
--nodekey-hex value, --nodekeyhex value P2P node key as hex (for testing)
MINER OPTIONS:
--mine Enable mining
--miner-threads value, --minerthreads value Number of CPU threads to use for mining (default: 2)
--miner-gpus value, --minergpus value List of GPUs to use for mining (e.g. '0,1' will use the first two GPUs found)
--auto-dag, --autodag Enable automatic DAG pregeneration
--etherbase value Public address for block mining rewards (default = first account created) (default: "0")
--target-gas-limit value, --targetgaslimit value Target gas limit sets the artificial target gas floor for the blocks to mine (default: "4712388")
--gas-price value, --gasprice value Minimal gas price to accept for mining a transactions (default: "20000000000")
--extra-data value, --extradata value Freeform header field set by the miner
GAS PRICE ORACLE OPTIONS:
--gpo-min value, --gpomin value Minimum suggested gas price (default: "20000000000")
--gpo-max value, --gpomax value Maximum suggested gas price (default: "500000000000")
--gpo-full value, --gpofull value Full block threshold for gas price calculation (%) (default: 80)
--gpo-base-down value, --gpobasedown value Suggested gas price base step down ratio (1/1000) (default: 10)
--gpo-base-up value, --gpobaseup value Suggested gas price base step up ratio (1/1000) (default: 100)
--gpo-base-cf value, --gpobasecf value Suggested gas price base correction factor (%) (default: 110)
LOGGING AND DEBUGGING OPTIONS:
--verbosity value Logging verbosity: 0=silent, 1=error, 2=warn, 3=info, 4=core, 5=debug, 6=detail (default: 3)
--vmodule value Per-module verbosity: comma-separated list of <pattern>=<level> (e.g. eth/*=6,p2p=5)
--backtrace value Request a stack trace at a specific logging statement (e.g. "block.go:271") (default: :0)
--metrics value Enables metrics reporting. When the value is a path, either relative or absolute, then a log is written to the respective file.
--fake-pow, --fakepow Disables proof-of-work verification
EXPERIMENTAL OPTIONS:
--shh Enable Whisper
--natspec Enable NatSpec confirmation notice
MISCELLANEOUS OPTIONS:
--solc value Solidity compiler command to be used (default: "solc")
--doc-root, --docroot "/Users/ia" Document Root for HTTPClient file scheme
--log-dir, --logdir "/Users/ia/Library/EthereumClassic/logs" Directory in which to write log files
--oppose-dao-fork Use classic blockchain (always set, flag is unused and exists for compatibility only)
--help, -h show help
Note that the default for datadir is platform-specific. See backup & restore for more information.
Import ether presale wallet into your node (prompts for password):
geth wallet import /path/to/my/etherwallet.json
Import an EC privatekey into an ethereum account (prompts for password):
geth account import /path/to/key.prv
Bring up the geth javascript console:
geth --verbosity 5 --jspath /mydapp/js console 2>> /path/to/logfile
Execute test.js javascript using js API and log Debug-level messages to /path/to/logfile:
geth --verbosity 6 js test.js 2>> /path/to/logfile
Import a blockchain from file:
geth import blockchain.bin
Output a JSON-formatted array of states for all or specified accounts.
Using the optional sorted argument will require significantly more memory consumption and time.
$ geth dump [sorted] [blockHash|blockNum],[blockHash|blockNum] [address],[address]When the consensus algorithm is changed blocks in the blockchain must be reimported with the new algorithm. Geth will inform the user with instructions when and how to do this when it's necessary.
geth upgradedb
Start two mining nodes using different data directories listening on ports 30303 and 30304, respectively:
geth --mine --miner-threads 4 --data-dir /usr/local/share/ethereum/30303 --port 30303
geth --mine --miner-threads 4 --data-dir /usr/local/share/ethereum/30304 --port 30304
Start an rpc client on port 8000:
geth --rpc --rpc-port 8000 --rpccorsdomain "*"
Launch the client without network:
geth --maxpeers 0 --no-discover --networdid 3301 js justwannarunthis.js
Use the rollback command to purge blocks antecedent to genesis. For an example above:
geth --data-dir /usr/local/share/ethereum/30304 rollback 0
To nuke the chaindata entirely (including genesis), you can use:
rm -rf --data-dir /usr/local/share/ethereum/30304/chaindata
The lines below are meant only for test network and safe environments for non-interactive scripted use.
geth --datadir /tmp/eth/42 --password <(echo -n notsosecret) account new 2>> /tmp/eth/42.log
geth --datadir /tmp/eth/42 --port 30342 js <(echo 'console.log(admin.nodeInfo().NodeUrl)') > enode 2>> /tmp/eth/42.log
geth --datadir /tmp/eth/42 --port 30342 --password <(echo -n notsosecret) --unlock primary --miner-threads 4 --mine 2>> /tmp/eth/42.log
Attach a console to a running geth instance. By default this happens over IPC on the default IPC endpoint but when necessary a custom endpoint could be specified:
geth attach # connect over IPC on default endpoint
geth attach ipc:/some/path # connect over IPC on custom endpoint
geth --chain=morden attach # connect to default Morden IPC endpoint
geth attach http://host:8545 # connect over HTTP
geth attach ws://host:8546 # connect over websocket
This flag can also be used to activate the Morden Testnet configuration via --chain=morden or --chain=testnet; both flag values will assume a default sub-datadir at /morden. This command plays nicely with --data-dir, too.
There are a couple of chain ids that are blacklisted, like "nodes", "chaindata", "dapp", and so forth, because they conflict with existing directory structure namespaces.
Flagged values for --chain=kittyCoin must have a corresponding <home>/EthereumClassic/kittyCoin/chain.json.
$ geth --chain morden [-flags] [command]
$ geth --chain morden --data-dir path/to/etc/data [command]
$ geth --chain kittyCoin [command]
--chain can be used in establishing and maintaining private blockchains and networks; configuration with an external JSON file allows fine-grained control over establishing a genesis block, implementing protocol upgrades (as fork features), and designating bootnodes.
Note: As of Geth 3.5, the chain configuration file for a private network must located at <datadir>/custom/chain.json.
Please find below the default Testnet configuration with comments (non-JSON-friendly).
The identity (not chain ID, like 61, 62, or 1) of the chain; this must match the parent subdirectory.
{
"id": "kitty",
Human readable. The only optional key/value in the file.
"name": "Kitty Net",
Establish a genesis block. alloc is optional; it establishes starting accounts and balances. Blank values here are also optional.
"genesis": {
"nonce": "0x00006d6f7264656e",
"timestamp": "",
"parentHash": "",
"extraData": "",
"gasLimit": "0x2FEFD8",
"difficulty": "0x020000",
"mixhash": "0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000647572616c65787365646c6578",
"coinbase": "",
"alloc": {
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000001": {
"balance": "1"
},
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000002": {
"balance": "1"
},
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000003": {
"balance": "1"
},
"0000000000000000000000000000000000000004": {
"balance": "1"
},
"102e61f5d8f9bc71d0ad4a084df4e65e05ce0e1c": {
"balance": "1606938044258990275541962092341162602522202993782792835301376"
}
}
},
Designate variable specifications for fork-based protocol upgrades, ie EIP/ECIPs.
"chainConfig": {
"forks": [
{
"name": "Homestead",
"block": 494000,
"requiredHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"features": [
{
"id": "difficulty",
"options": {
"type": "homestead"
}
},
{
"id": "gastable",
"options": {
"type": "homestead"
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "GasReprice",
"block": 1783000,
"requiredHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"features": [
{
"id": "gastable",
"options": {
"type": "eip150"
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "The DAO Hard Fork",
"block": 1885000,
"requiredHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"features": []
},
{
"name": "Diehard",
"block": 1915000,
"requiredHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"features": [
{
"id": "eip155",
"options": {
"chainID": 62
}
},
{
"id": "gastable",
"options": {
"type": "eip160"
}
},
{
"id": "difficulty",
"options": {
"length": 2000000,
"type": "ecip1010"
}
}
]
}
],
"badHashes": [
{
"Block": 383792,
"Hash": "0x9690db54968a760704d99b8118bf79d565711669cefad24b51b5b1013d827808"
},
{
"Block": 1915277,
"Hash": "0x3bef9997340acebc85b84948d849ceeff74384ddf512a20676d424e972a3c3c4"
}
]
},
Bootnodes for establishing a connection to a network. In enode format.
"bootstrap": [
"enode://fb28713820e718066a2f5df6250ae9d07cff22f672dbf26be6c75d088f821a9ad230138ba492c533a80407d054b1436ef18e951bb65e6901553516c8dffe8ff0@104.155.176.151:30304",
"enode://afdc6076b9bf3e7d3d01442d6841071e84c76c73a7016cb4f35c0437df219db38565766234448f1592a07ba5295a867f0ce87b359bf50311ed0b830a2361392d@104.154.136.117:30403",
"enode://21101a9597b79e933e17bc94ef3506fe99a137808907aa8fefa67eea4b789792ad11fb391f38b00087f8800a2d3dff011572b62a31232133dd1591ac2d1502c8@104.198.71.200:30403",
"enode://fd008499e9c4662f384b3cff23438879d31ced24e2d19504c6389bc6da6c882f9c2f8dbed972f7058d7650337f54e4ba17bb49c7d11882dd1731d26a6e62e3cb@35.187.57.94:30304"
]
}
Aids in establishing a base configuration file for a private network.
This command is only compatible with dumping default configurations (currently Mainnet and Morden Testnet).
$ geth [-flags] dump-external-config put/it/here/customnet.json
$ geth --data-dir my/etc/data dump-external-config put/it/here/customnet.json
$ geth --chain=morden dump-external-config put/it/here/customnet.json
$ geth --bootnodes=enode://asdfasdf@12.123.12.12:12345 dump-external-config ./put/it/here/customnet.json
Where 42 is the block number to rollback to. Uses blockchain.SetHead() method. This is a destructive action! It will purge block data antecedent to the provided block; syncing will begin with your new head block. Probably mostly useful for development and testing.
Connect to a running geth instance over IPC and call any API method. Returns standard JSON-formatted response or error.
For example, eth_getBlockByNumber could be called as:
# TTY1
geth --chain example-net
# TTY2
## Use space-separated JSON-formatted raw values
geth --chain example-net api eth getBlockByNumber '"latest"' true
## ... or use a single JSON-formatted string
geth --chain example-net api eth getBlockByNumber '"latest", true'Builds address-transactions indexes for existing chaindata. The command is idempotent.
Running a complete chain index from block 0 -> 5220000 on a 2009 Macbook Pro with 1GB cache took 3h30m, averaging ~300 blocks/second and ~1800 txs/second, and the /indexes database is 2.0GB.
$ geth atxi-build-
--start=QUANTITY- custom floor at which to begin indexing. If unset, the build command will use it's persistent placeholder if the command has been run before. -
--stop=QUANTITY- custom ceiling at which to finish indexing. If unset, default value is blockchain head. -
--step=QUANTITY- custom increment for batching writes to db and setting persistent progress placeholder. Default value is 10000.
Flag required to enable address-transaction indexing during sync and import, and to enable associated API for a geth instance.