Include Corrupt key info in ParseInternalKey()

[ramvadiv]

Follow-up task from PR #7457 for an item requested by @ajkr

There could probably be a follow-up task to combine this with #7420 by pushing down the option's value into ParseInternalKey() (defaulting to false when unknown) and then including the corrupt key in the Status::Corruption there.

[ajkr]

As discussed, currently the ParseInternalKey() call sites pretty much ignore the returned Status and handle failure in their own way. After we change those call sites to use the Status from ParseInternalKey(), they may have additional info to incorporate into the Status before returning it. Here is an example of how to compose Status messages:

rocksdb/db/version_builder.cc

Line 401 in 668ee08

s = Status::Corruption(prefix, s.getState());