fix(@angular/cli): fix test typings

Blocked by angular#5500 (fix is included in this PR so that CI will run).

Our unit test webpack config was erroneously sending in entry points to karma-webpack, who should receive no entry points.

This in turn was hiding errors related to typeRoots lookups.

It was also causing unit tests compilation to behave weirdly: unit test errors would not stop compilation, because other entries would still compile.

This might also have contributed to the overall slowness of unit tests in angular#5423.

Fix angular#5332
Fix angular#5351

BREAKING CHANGE:

The top level `files` and `include` options of `src/tsconfig.spec.json` should be removed.

The `src/typings.d.ts` file should be modified to contain the following:
```
/* SystemJS module definition */
declare var module: NodeModule;
interface NodeModule {
  id: string;
}
```

Projects using TypeScript 2.0 or TypeScript 4.0 while NOT using tsconfig inheritance need to update the following files:

- `src/tsconfig.app.json`
- `src/tsconfig.spec.json`
- `e2e/tsconfig.e2e.json`

By adding the following entry to `compilerOptions`:

```
   "typeRoots": [
      "../node_modules/@types"
    ],
```

packages/@angular/cli/blueprints/ng/files/__path__/tsconfig.app.json

@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@
     "lib": [
       "es2016",
       "dom"
+    ],
+    "typeRoots": [
+      "../node_modules/@types"
     ],<% } %>
     "outDir": "<%= relativeRootPath %>/out-tsc/app",
     "module": "es2015",

packages/@angular/cli/blueprints/ng/files/__path__/tsconfig.spec.json

@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@
     "experimentalDecorators": true,
     "lib": [
       "es2016"
+    ],
+    "typeRoots": [
+      "../node_modules/@types"
     ],<% } %>
     "outDir": "<%= relativeRootPath %>/out-tsc/spec",
     "module": "commonjs",
@@ -18,11 +21,5 @@
       "jasmine",
       "node"
     ]
-  },
-  "files": [
-    "test.ts"
-  ],
-  "include": [
-    "**/*.spec.ts"
-  ]
+  }
 }

packages/@angular/cli/blueprints/ng/files/__path__/typings.d.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /* SystemJS module definition */
-declare var module: {
+declare var module: NodeModule;
+interface NodeModule {
   id: string;
-};
+}

packages/@angular/cli/blueprints/ng/files/e2e/tsconfig.e2e.json

@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@
     "experimentalDecorators": true,
     "lib": [
       "es2016"
+    ],
+    "typeRoots": [
+      "../node_modules/@types"
     ],<% } %>
     "outDir": "../out-tsc/e2e",
     "module": "commonjs",

packages/@angular/cli/models/webpack-test-config.ts

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ export class WebpackTestConfig extends NgCliWebpackConfig {
     ];
 
     this.config = webpackMerge(webpackConfigs);
+    delete this.config.entry;
 
     // Remove any instance of CommonsChunkPlugin, not needed with karma-webpack.
     this.config.plugins = this.config.plugins.filter((plugin: any) =>

tests/e2e/tests/lint/lint-with-exclude.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ export default function () {
 
   return Promise.resolve()
     .then(() => ng('set', 'lint.0.exclude', '"**/foo.ts"'))
+    .then(() => ng('set', 'lint.1.exclude', '"**/foo.ts"'))
     .then(() => writeFile(fileName, 'const foo = "";\n'))
     .then(() => ng('lint'))
     .then(({ stdout }) => {