[MAINTENANCE] Replace black formatter with ruff format

[Kilo59]

Replacing the black formatter with ruff format

https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/formatter/

The initial goal of the Ruff formatter is not to innovate on code style, but rather, to innovate on performance, and provide a unified toolchain across Ruff's linter, formatter, and any and all future tools.

As such, the formatter is designed as a drop-in replacement for Black, but with an excessive focus on performance and direct integration with Ruff.

Deviations from Black (Explanation and Examples)

Note:

Some of the changes in this PR are because ruff format is copying a more recent version of black 24.2.0, whereas we had been stuck on 23.11.0

Update Ruff 0.2.2 -> 0.3.0

https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/releases/tag/v0.3.0

TODO

If we decide to adopt this formatter I will...

• Before merge
  • address the lining errors caused by formatting changes that move noqa comments.
• After merge
  • add .gitblame-ignore-revs entry

See also

• Ruff formatter cloud#46

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[billdirks]

In general, I'm happy with this change. I think we need to do a few things before merging:

• Add file ignores
• Add #noqa back
• Update PR autopopulated message to remove mention of black
• I also added comments to the toml file for rules I'd like to be turned on if possible

[Kilo59]

# fmt: off outside of the top-level/statement level is a known issue with the ruff formatter

• Formatter seems to ignore #fmt: off astral-sh/ruff#9588
• fmt: off doesn't work in parametrized decorator astral-sh/ruff#9875

Can fix this by de-denting the # fmt: off comment or by adding a trailing # fmt: skip, but these will disable formatting for more than just the parameter values.

Edit:
Addressed with # fmt: skip

[billdirks]

Thanks, LGTM!