Camouflaged Object Detection

A curated list of awesome resources for camouflaged/concealed object detection (COD). We will keep updating it.

❗ [04/2023] Update CVPR2023 papers for COD and CIS.

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Content:

• Camouflaged Object Detection (COD)
• Video Camouflaged Object Detection (VCOD)
• Camouflaged Instance Segmentation (CIS)
• Other Related
• Datasets
• Appendix

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COD

Preprint

Year	Pub.	Title	Links
--	arXiv	Advances in Deep Concealed Scene Understanding Deng-Ping Fan, Ge-Peng Ji, Peng Xu, Ming-Ming Cheng, Christos Sakaridis, Luc Van Gool	Paper/Project
--	arXiv	SAM Fails to Segment Anything? -- SAM-Adapter: Adapting SAM in Underperformed Scenes: Camouflage, Shadow, and More Tianrun Chen, Lanyun Zhu, Chaotao Ding, Runlong Cao, Yan Wang, Zejian Li, Lingyun Sun, Papa Mao, Ying Zang	Paper/Code
--	arXiv	DQnet: Cross-Model Detail Querying for Camouflaged Object Detection Wei Sun, Chengao Liu, Linyan Zhang, Yu Li, Pengxu Wei, Chang Liu, Jialing Zou, Jianbin Jiao, Qixiang Ye	Paper/Code
--	arXiv	CamoFormer: Masked Separable Attention for Camouflaged Object Detection Bowen Yin, Xuying Zhang, Qibin Hou, Bo-Yuan Sun, Deng-Ping Fan, Luc Van Gool	Paper/Code
--	arXiv	Source-free Depth for Object Pop-out Zongwei Wu, Danda Pani Paudel, Deng-Ping Fan, Jingjing Wang, Shuo Wang, Cedric Demonceaux, Radu Timofte, Luc Van Gool	Paper/Code
--	arXiv	Boundary-aware Camouflaged Object Detection via Deformable Point Sampling Minhyeok Lee, Suhwan Cho, Chaewon Park, Dogyoon Lee, Jungho Lee, Sangyoun Lee	Paper/Code
--	arXiv	Transformer transforms salient object detection and camouflaged object detection Yuxin Mao, Jing Zhang, Yuchao Dai, et al.	Paper/Code
--	arXiv	Exploring Depth Contribution for Camouflaged Object Detection Mochu Xiang, Jing Zhang, Yunqiu Lv, et al.	Paper/Code
--	arXiv	Towards Accurate Camouflaged Object Detection with Mixture Convolution and Interactive Fusion Bo Dong, Mingchen Zhuge, Yongxiong Wang, Hongbo Bi, Geng Chen	Paper/Code
--	arXiv	Boundary-Aware Segmentation Network for Mobile and Web Applications Xuebin Qin, Deng-Ping Fan, Chenyang Huang, et al.	Paper/Code

2023

Year	Pub.	Title	Links
2023	CVPR	Feature Shrinkage Pyramid for Camouflaged Object Detection with Transformers Zhou Huang, Hang Dai, Tian-Zhu Xiang, Shuo Wang, Huai-Xin Chen, Jie Qin, and Huan Xiong	Paper/Code
2023	CVPR	Camouflaged Object Detection with Feature Decomposition and Edge Reconstruction Chunming He, Kai Li, Yachao Zhang, Longxiang Tang, Yulun Zhang, Zhenhua Guo, Xiu Li	Paper/Code
2023	CVPR	Explicit Visual Prompting for Low-Level Structure Segmentations Weihuang Liu, Xi Shen, Chi-Man Pun, Xiaodong Cun	Paper/Code
2023	CVPR	Indiscernible Object Counting in Underwater Scenes Guolei Sun, Zhaochong An, Yun Liu, Ce Liu, Christos Sakaridis, Deng-Ping Fan, Luc Van Gool	Paper/Code
2023	AAAI	Weakly-Supervised Camouflaged Object Detection with Scribble Annotations Ruozhen He, Qihua Dong, Jiaying Lin, Rynson W.H. Lau	Paper/Code
2023	AAAI	High-resolution Iterative Feedback Network for Camouflaged Object Detection Xiaobin Hu, Deng-Ping Fan, Xuebin Qin, et al.	Paper/Code
2023	WACV	MFFN: Multi-view Feature Fusion Network for Camouflaged Object Detection Dehua Zheng, Xiaochen Zheng, Laurence T. Yang, Yuan Gao, Chenlu Zhu, Yiheng Ruan	Paper/Code
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2023	TCSVT	MSCAF-Net: A General Framework for Camouflaged Object Detection via Learning Multi-Scale Context-Aware Features Yu Liu; Haihang Li; Juan Cheng; Xun Chen	Paper/Code
2023	TCSVT	Go Closer To See Better: Camouflaged Object Detection via Object Area Amplification and Figure-ground Conversion Haozhe Xing; Yan Wang; Xujun Wei; Hao Tang; Shuyong Gao; Wenqiang Zhang	Paper/Code
2023	TCSVT	Towards Deeper Understanding of Camouflaged Object Detection CVPR21 (LSR) extension Yunqiu Lv, Jing Zhang, Yuchao Dai, Aixuan Li, Nick Barnes, Deng-Ping Fan	Paper/Code

2022

Year	Pub.	Title	Links
2022	NeurIPS	Exploring Figure-Ground Assignment Mechanism in Perceptual Organization Wei Zhai, Yang Cao, Jing Zhang, Zheng-Jun Zha	Paper/Code
2022	MM	PreyNet: Preying on camouflaged objects M Zhang, S Xu, Yongri Piao, D Shi, S Lin, H Lu	Paper/Code
2022	IJCAI	Boundary-Guided Camouflaged Object Detection Yujia Sun, Shuo Wang, Chenglizhao Chen, Tian-Zhu Xiang	Paper/Code
2022	CVPR	Segment, Magnify and Reiterate: Detecting Camouflaged Objects the Hard Way Qi Jia, S. Yao, Yu Liu, et al.	Paper/Code
2022	CVPR	Detecting Camouflaged Object in Frequency Domain Yijie Zhong, Bo Li, Lv Tang, et al.	Paper/Code
2022	CVPR	Zoom In and Out: A Mixed-scale Triplet Network for Camouflaged Object Detection Youwei Pang, Xiaoqi Zhao, Tian-Zhu Xiang, Lihe Zhang, Huchuan Lu	Paper/Code
2022	AAAI	I can find you! Boundary-guided Separated Attention Network for Camouflaged Object Detection Hongwei Zhu, Peng Li, Haoran Xie, Mingqiang Wei, et al.	Paper/Code
2022	WACV	Modeling Aleatoric Uncertainty for Camouflaged Object Detection Jiawei Liu, Jing Zhang, Nick Barnes	Paper/Code
2022	ICME	Finding the Achilles Heel: Progressive Identification Network for Camouflaged Object Detection Mu-Chun Chou, Hung-Jen Chen, Hong-Han Shuai	Paper/Code
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2022	PAMI	Concealed Object Detection COD10K Deng-Ping Fan, Ge-Peng Ji, Ming-Ming Cheng, Ling Shao	Paper/Code
2022	TIP	Feature Aggregation and Propagation Network for Camouflaged Object Detection Tao Zhou, Yi Zhou, Chen Gong, Jian Yang, Yu Zhang	Paper/Code
2022	TIP	FindNet: Can You Find Me? Boundary-and-Texture Enhancement Network for Camouflaged Object Detection AAAI22 (BSANet) extension Peng Li, Xuefeng Yan, Hongwei Zhu, Mingqiang Wei, Xiao-Ping Zhang, Jing Qin	Paper/Code
2022	TIP	MGL: Mutual Graph Learning for Camouflaged Object Detection CVPR2021 extension Qiang Zhai; Xin Li; Fan Yang; Zhicheng Jiao; Ping Luo; Hong Cheng; Zicheng Liu	Paper/Code
2022	MIR	Deep Gradient Learning for Efficient Camouflaged Object Detection Ge-Peng Ji, Deng-Ping Fan, Yu-Cheng Chou, et al.	Paper/Code
2022	TCSVT	Camouflaged Object Detection via Context-aware Cross-level Fusion C2FNet Extension Geng Chen, Si-Jie Liu, Yu-Jia Sun, Ge-Peng Ji, Ya-Feng Wu, Tao Zhou	Paper/Code
2022	TMM	Deep Texton-Coherence Network for Camouflaged Object Detection Wei Zhai, Yang Cao, HaiYong Xie, Zheng-Jun Zha	Paper/Code
2022	KBS	Boundary-guided network for camouflage object detection Tianyou Chen, Jin Xiao, Xiaoguang Hu, Guofeng Zhang, Shaojie Wang	Paper/Code
2022	PR	CubeNet: X-shape connection for camouflaged object detection Mingchen Zhuge, Xiankai Lu, Yiyou Guo, Zhihua Cai, Shuhan Chen	Paper/Code
2022	PR	Fast Camouflaged Object Detection via Edge-based Reversible Re-calibration Network Ge-Peng Ji, Lei Zhu, Mingchen Zhuge, Keren Fu	Paper/Code
2022	TOMM	Frequency-aware Camouflaged Object Detection Jiaying Lin, Xin Tan, Ke Xu, Lizhuang Ma, Rynson W.H. Lau	Paper/Code

2021

Year	Pub.	Title	Links
2021	ICCV	Uncertainty-Guided Transformer Reasoning for Camouflaged Object Detection Fan Yang, Qiang Zhai, Xin Li, Rui Huang, et al.	Paper/Code
2021	CVPR	Uncertainty-aware Joint Salient Object and Camouflaged Object Detection Aixuan Li, Jing Zhang, Yunqiu Lv, Bowen Liu, Tong Zhang, Yuchao Dai	Paper/Code
2021	CVPR	Simultaneously Localize, Segment and Rank the Camouflaged Objects NC4K Yunqiu Lv, Jing Zhang, Yuchao Dai, Aixuan Li, et al.	Paper/Code
2021	CVPR	Mutual Graph Learning for Camouflaged Object Detection Qiang Zhai, Xin Li, Fan Yang, Chenglizhao Chen, Hong Cheng, Deng-Ping Fan	Paper/Code
2021	CVPR	Camouflaged Object Segmentation with Distraction Mining Haiyang Mei, Ge-Peng Ji, Ziqi Wei, Xin Yang, Xiaopeng Wei, Deng-Ping Fan	Paper/Code
2021	IJCAI	Context-aware Cross-level Fusion Network for Camouflaged Object Detection Yujia Sun, Geng Chen, Tao Zhou, Yi Zhang, Nian Liu	Paper/Code
2021	AAAI	Inferring Camouflaged Objects by Texture-Aware Interactive Guidance Network Jinchao Zhu, Xiaoyu Zhang, Shuo Zhang, Junnan Liu	Paper/Code
2021	AAAI	CamouFinder: Finding Camouflaged Instances in Images Demo Trung-Nghia Le, Vuong Nguyen, Cong Le, et al.	Paper/Video
2021	TIFS	Integrating Part-Object Relationship and Contrast for Camouflaged Object Detection Yi Liu, Dingwen Zhang, Qiang Zhang, and Jungong Han	Paper/Code
2021	TIE	D2C-Net: A Dual-branch, Dual-guidance and Cross-refine Network for Camouflaged Object Detection Kang Wang, Hongbo Bi, Yi Zhang, Cong Zhang, Ziqi Liu, Shuang Zheng	Paper/Code
2021	TCSVT	Deep Texture-Aware Features for Camouflaged Object Detection Jingjing Ren, Xiaowei Hu, Lei Zhu, Xuemiao Xu, et al.	Paper/Code
2021	TCSVT	Rethinking Camouflaged Object Detection: Models and Datasets Hongbo Bi, Cong Zhang, Kang Wang, Jinghui Tong, Feng Zheng	Paper/Code
2021	Access	MirrorNet: Bio-Inspired Camouflaged Object Segmentation Jinnan Yan, Trung-Nghia Le, Khanh-Duy Nguyen, Minh-Triet Tran, Thanh-Toan Do, Tam V. Nguyen	Paper/Proj

Before 2020

Year	Pub.	Title	Links
2020	CVPR	Camouflaged Object Detection COD10K Deng-Ping Fan, Ge-Peng Ji, Guolei Sun, Ming-Ming Cheng, Jianbing Shen, Ling Shao	Paper/Code
2020	AAAI	Deep Camouflage Images Qing Zhang, Gelin Yin, Yongwei Nie, Wei-Shi Zheng	Paper/Code
2019	CVIU	Anabranch network for camouflaged object segmentation CAMO Trung-Nghia Le, Tam V. Nguyen, Zhongliang Nie, Minh-Triet Tran, Akihiro Sugimoto	Paper/Code
2019	SPL	Detection of People With Camouflage Pattern Via Dense Deconvolution Network CPD1K Yunfei Zheng, Xiongwei Zhang, Feng Wang, Tieyong Cao, Meng Sun, Xiaobing Wang	Paper/Code
2018	TIP	A Fusion Framework for Camouflaged Moving Foreground Detection in the Wavelet Domain Shuai Li, Dinei Florencio, Wanqing Li, Yaqin Zhao, Chris Cook	Paper/Code
2016	IJCV	Partially Camouflaged Object Tracking using Modified Probabilistic Neural Network and Fuzzy Energy based Active Contour    Ajoy Mondal, Susmita Ghosh, Ashish Ghosh	Paper/Code

VCOD

Year	Pub.	Title	Links
2022	CVPR	Implicit Motion Handling for Video Camouflaged Object Detection MoCA-Mask Xuelian Cheng, Huan Xiong, Deng-Ping Fan, et al.	Paper/Code
2022	CVPR	A Deeper Dive Into What Deep Spatiotemporal Networks Encode: Quantifying Static vs. Dynamic Information Matthew Kowal, Mennatullah Siam, Md Amirul Islam, Neil D. B. Bruce, Richard P. Wildes, Konstantinos G. Derpanis	Paper/Code/ Journal
2022	PAMI	EM-driven unsupervised learning for efficient motion segmentation Etienne Meunier, Anaïs Badoual, Patrick Bouthemy	Paper/Code
2021	ICCV	Self-supervised Video Object Segmentation by Motion Grouping Charig Yang, Hala Lamdouar, Erika Lu, Andrew Zisserman, Weidi Xie	Paper/Code
2021	BMVC	Segmenting Invisible Moving Objects Hala Lamdouar, Weidi Xie, Andrew Zisserman	Paper/Proj
2020	ACCV	Betrayed by Motion: Camouflaged Object Discovery via Motion Segmentation MoCA Hala Lamdouar, Charig Yang, Weidi Xie, Andrew Zisserman	Paper/Code
2016	ECCV	It’s Moving! A Probabilistic Model for Causal Motion Segmentation in Moving Camera Videos Pia Bideau, Erik Learned-Miller	Paper/Code

CIS

Year	Pub.	Title	Links
2023	CVPR	Camouflaged Instance Segmentation via Explicit De-camouflaging Naisong Luo, Yuwen Pan, Rui Sun, Tianzhu Zhang, Zhiwei Xiong, Feng Wu	Paper/Code
2022	ECCV	OSFormer: One-Stage Camouflaged Instance Segmentation with Transformers Jialun Pei, Tianyang Cheng, Deng-Ping Fan, et al.	Paper/Code
2022	TIP	Camouflaged Instance Segmentation In-The-Wild: Dataset, Method, and Benchmark Suite Trung-Nghia Le, Yubo Cao, Tan-Cong Nguyen, et al.	Paper/Proj

Other Related

Year	Pub.	Title	Links
2023	arXiv	CamDiff: Camouflage Image Augmentation via Diffusion Model Xue-Jing Luo, Shuo Wang, Zongwei Wu, Christos Sakaridis, Yun Cheng, Deng-Ping Fan, Luc Van Gool	Paper/Code
2022	arXiv	GANmouflage: 3D Object Nondetection with Texture Fields Rui Guo, Jasmine Collins, Oscar de Lima, Andrew Owens	Paper/Proj
2022	CVPR	DTA: Physical Camouflage Attacks using Differentiable Transformation Network Naufal Suryanto, Yongsu Kim, Hyoeun Kang, et al.	Paper/Code
2022	TMM	Location-Free Camouflage Generation Network Yangyang Li, Wei Zhai, Yang Cao, Zheng-jun Zha	Paper/Code

Datasets

Name	Year	Pub.	Links	Type	#Annot. Img.(Cam./Non)	Bbox	Obj. Mask	Ins. Mask	Comments
CAMO++	2021	TIP	Paper	Image	2,700/2,800	✓	✓	✓	Not Open
NC4K	2021	CVPR	Paper	Image	4,121	✓	✓	✓
COD10K	2020	CVPR	Paper	Image	5,066/4,934	✓	✓	✓
CAMO	2019	CVIU	Paper	Image	1,250/1,250	✗	✓	✗
CPD1K	2018	SPL	Paper	Image	1,000	✗	✓	✗
CHAMELEON	2017	——	Webpage	Image	76	✗	✓	✗
MoCA-Mask	2022	CVPR	Paper	Video	4,691	✓	✓	✗
MoCA	2020	ACCV	Paper	Video	7,617	✓	✗	✗
CamouflagedAnimals	2016	ECCV	Paper	Video	181	✗	✓	✓

Appendix

• Awesome List for Camouflaged Object Detection