Add rename_columnS method

src/datasets/arrow_dataset.py

@@ -1122,6 +1122,57 @@ def rename(columns):
         dataset._fingerprint = new_fingerprint
         return dataset
 
+    @fingerprint_transform(inplace=False)
+    def rename_columns(self, column_mapping: Dict[str, str], new_fingerprint) -> "Dataset":
+        """
+        Rename several columns in the dataset, and move the features associated to the original columns under
+        the new column names.
+
+        Args:
+            column_mapping (:obj:`Dict[str, str]`): A mapping of columns to rename to their new names
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`Dataset`: A copy of the dataset with renamed columns
+        """
+        dataset = copy.deepcopy(self)
+
+        extra_columns = set(column_mapping.keys()) - set(dataset.column_names)
+        if extra_columns:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Original column names {extra_columns} not in the dataset. "
+                f"Current columns in the dataset: {dataset._data.column_names}"
+            )
+
+        number_of_duplicates_in_new_columns = len(column_mapping.values()) - len(set(column_mapping.values()))
+        if number_of_duplicates_in_new_columns != 0:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "New column names must all be different, but this column mapping "
+                f"has {number_of_duplicates_in_new_columns} duplicates"
+            )
+
+        empty_new_columns = [new_col for new_col in column_mapping.values() if not new_col]
+        if empty_new_columns:
+            raise ValueError(f"New column names {empty_new_columns} are empty.")
+
+        def rename(columns):
+            return [column_mapping[col] if col in column_mapping else col for col in columns]
+
+        new_column_names = rename(self._data.column_names)
+        if self._format_columns is not None:
+            dataset._format_columns = rename(self._format_columns)
+
+        dataset._info.features = Features(
+            {
+                column_mapping[col] if col in column_mapping else col: feature
+                for col, feature in (self._info.features or {}).items()
+            }
+        )
+
+        dataset._data = dataset._data.rename_columns(new_column_names)
+        dataset._data = update_metadata_with_features(dataset._data, self.features)
+        dataset._fingerprint = new_fingerprint
+        return dataset
+
     def __len__(self):
         """Number of rows in the dataset."""
         return self.num_rows

tests/test_arrow_dataset.py

@@ -510,6 +510,34 @@ def test_rename_column(self, in_memory):
                     self.assertNotEqual(new_dset._fingerprint, fingerprint)
                     assert_arrow_metadata_are_synced_with_dataset_features(new_dset)
 
+    def test_rename_columns(self, in_memory):
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
+            with self._create_dummy_dataset(in_memory, tmp_dir, multiple_columns=True) as dset:
+                fingerprint = dset._fingerprint
+                with dset.rename_columns({"col_1": "new_name"}) as new_dset:
+                    self.assertEqual(new_dset.num_columns, 3)
+                    self.assertListEqual(list(new_dset.column_names), ["new_name", "col_2", "col_3"])
+                    self.assertListEqual(list(dset.column_names), ["col_1", "col_2", "col_3"])
+                    self.assertNotEqual(new_dset._fingerprint, fingerprint)
+
+                with dset.rename_columns({"col_1": "new_name", "col_2": "new_name2"}) as new_dset:
+                    self.assertEqual(new_dset.num_columns, 3)
+                    self.assertListEqual(list(new_dset.column_names), ["new_name", "new_name2", "col_3"])
+                    self.assertListEqual(list(dset.column_names), ["col_1", "col_2", "col_3"])
+                    self.assertNotEqual(new_dset._fingerprint, fingerprint)
+
+                # Original column not in dataset
+                with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+                    dset.rename_columns({"not_there": "new_name"})
+
+                # Empty new name
+                with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+                    dset.rename_columns({"col_1": ""})
+
+                # Duplicates
+                with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+                    dset.rename_columns({"col_1": "new_name", "col_2": "new_name"})
+
     def test_concatenate(self, in_memory):
         data1, data2, data3 = {"id": [0, 1, 2]}, {"id": [3, 4, 5]}, {"id": [6, 7]}
         info1 = DatasetInfo(description="Dataset1")