Add option in Predictor to skip prediction after a failed time step

[matthiasneuner]

Reason

Predictors like SimplePredictor are a great tools for increasing the simulation speed.
However, in certain situations it should be possible to omit a prediction.

For instance, if a time step is reduced according to a request by a material model (e.g., plasticity requires a smaller time step),
no prediction should be made in the new, reduced time step. Currently, the prediction is also applied in the new, reduced time step. If the direction of the prediction is not reasonable, this can be the death of a simulation since it may result in an (infinite) request of smaller time steps by the material. See also #16628 (comment)

Predictors should have an option to skip a prediction in a repeated time step after a failed time step.

Design

Predictor parent class needs to track repeated time steps and should offer a possibility to skip a prediction via shouldApply().

Impact

Improved capabilities in particular for solid mechanics; No breaking of any backward compatibility.