Added support for building jenkins-ci for next version of debian

[ieugen]

This is a replacement for #255 .

https://wiki.debian.org/DebianBookworm

Debian bookworm is releasing in ~ 10 days.
Code wise there will be no breaking changes, only bug fixes.

I believe it's time to consider publishing an updated version based on bookworm.
For our use case we need a newer release of buildah.

Testing done

make build
make test

Will push and use in our infra soon.

Submitter checklist

• Make sure you are opening from a topic/feature/bugfix branch (right side) and not your main branch!
• Ensure that the pull request title represents the desired changelog entry
• Please describe what you did
• Link to relevant issues in GitHub or Jira
• Link to relevant pull requests, esp. upstream and downstream changes
• Ensure you have provided tests - that demonstrates feature works or fixes the issue

[ieugen]

@dduportal and all: I've created a new PR based on rebased code on another branch so I will have to close this.
Let's continue discussion there.

I do think that we might have to use separate dockerfiles for different Debian releases.
The reasoning is that build instructions might be different as packages might change ?!
(just thinking out loud at this point).

Also, I've been out of the loop and don't know if I should do for the PR to be merged.
As it is now, this PR is not ready to be merged since we can't pass Debian bersion via bake to dockerfile.

[gounthar]

I apologize for not being able to contribute and offer assistance earlier due to my holidays and participating in GSoC.
Now that I have more time available, I would like to help and support you with that PR.
If you still need assistance, please let me know how I can be of help, and we can discuss the areas you'd like me to focus on.

[dduportal]

I'm closing this PR as it was superseded by #299 .

Thanks @ieugen for the help here, you did most of the heavy lifting and we are crediting this work with you along with @gounthar !

For info, it was release with https://github.com/jenkinsci/docker-ssh-agent/releases/tag/5.10.0