MySmallUtils

Small Python utils to do life easier.

This includes tools to execute external commands, compress files, manage configuration files, open different types of files (JSON, YAML and Pickle) compressed or not, configure logging, obtain metrics, download files, etc.

This module is divided into the following categories:

• Install
• Collections
  • Head of a set or dict
  • List union
  • Concat lists
  • Dictionary operations
  • Filter lists
  • Tuples
  • OrderedSet
  • LRUDict
• Text
  • Find URLs
  • Get URLs
  • Remove URLs
  • Replace URLs
  • Check URLs in a text
  • Clean text
  • Text markup
  • Hash a text
  • Is float
• File access, load and save files
  • Open files
  • Read file
  • Write in a file
  • Load and save json files
  • Load and save pickle files
  • Load and save Yaml files
  • Copy files
  • Move files
  • Remove files
  • Check if exists several files
  • Count lines
  • Touch
  • Cat
  • Make directories
  • List files
  • Generate output file paths
  • Check file encoding
  • Expand wildcards
• Removable files
• Compressing files
  • Gzip
  • Tar
• Hashing
• External commands
• Configuration files
• Logging
• Method synchronization
• Services and Web
  • Download a file
  • Endpoint
  • Generate service help
  • JSON post
• File unit tests
• Miscellany

Install

It is very easy to install:

# With pip
pip install mysmallutils

# With conda
conda install mysmallutils

Collections

Some util functions for list, set or dict collections.

Head of a set or dict

Get the first n elements of a dictionary or a set.

from mysutils.collections import head

# A set of latin characters
set1 = {chr(97 + i) for i in range(26)}
# Select the first 5 elements of the set
head(set1, 5)  # returns {'d', 'a', 'b', 'e', 'c'}
# By default select 10 elements
head(set1)  # returns {'f', 'd', 'j', 'a', 'b', 'e', 'h', 'i', 'c', 'g'}

# A dictionary of latin characters
dict1 = {i: chr(97 + i) for i in range(26)}
# Select the first 5 items of the dictionary
head(dict1, 5)  # Returns {0: 'a', 1: 'b', 2: 'c', 3: 'd', 4: 'e'}
# By default select 10 items
head(dict1)  # Returns {0: 'a', 1: 'b', 2: 'c', 3: 'd', 4: 'e', 5: 'f', 6: 'g', 7: 'h', 8: 'i', 9: 'j'}

Also, you can use the specific functions for set and dictionaries: sh() for set head and dh() for dictionaries.

from mysutils.collections import sh

# A set of latin characters
set1 = {chr(97 + i) for i in range(26)}
# Select the first 5 elements of the set
sh(set1, 5)
# By default select 10 elements
sh(set1)

from mysutils.collections import dh

# A dictionary of latin characters
dict1 = {i: chr(97 + i) for i in range(26)}
# Select the first 5 items of the dictionary
dh(dict1, 5)
# By default select 10 items
dh(dict1)

List union

Create the union of two or more lists maintaining the order of elements.

from mysutils.collections import list_union

l1 = [1, 2, 3]
l2 = [4, 5, 6, 1]
l3 = [2, 6, 24]
# This will return  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 24]
list_union(l1, l2, l3)
# This will return [1, 2, 3, 6, 24, 4, 5]
list_union(l1, l3, l2)

Concat lists

Concatenate a list of lists and return other list with the results. This is different from the list_union() function because the final list can contain repeated elements.

from mysutils.collections import concat_lists

l1 = [1, 2, 3]
l2 = [4, 5, 6, 1]
l3 = [2, 6, 24]
# This will return  [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 6, 24]
concat_lists(l1, l2, l3)
# This will return  [4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 6, 24, 1, 2, 3]
concat_lists(l2, l3, l1)

Dictionary operations

With these functions you can do several operation over dictionaries in just one code line. For example, if you want to add a dictionary item, remove other, and modify the keys and values of the dictionary, you can do the following:

from mysutils.collections import add_keys, del_keys, mod_key, mod_value

d = {'name': 'Pablo', 'lastname': 'Escobar', 'email': 'pabloescobar@example.com'}
# Add the key 'country', remove 'email', change 'name' by 'firstname' and change the 'lastname' value:
mod_value(mod_key(del_keys(add_keys(d, country='Colombia'), 'email'), 'name', 'firstname'), 'lastname', 'Smith')

More information about these and other functions in the following subsections.

Add keys

You can add several dictionary items in just one sentence and return the results.

from mysutils.collections import add_keys

d = {'b': 2}
# Print {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
print(add_keys(d, a=1, c=3))
# You can modify an existing item
print(add_keys(d, a=1, b=4, c=3))
# Or you can raise an error if the key already exists.
print(add_keys(d, modify=False, a=1, b=4, c=3))

Delete keys

You can remove one or more dictionary items by their keys and return the result with only one line.

from mysutils.collections import del_keys

d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}

# Remove the element c from the dictionary and print the results
print(del_keys(d.copy(), 'c'))
# Remove the elements a and c from the dictionary and print the results
print(del_keys(d.copy(), 'a', 'c'))
# If an element does not exist, ignore the key error
print(del_keys(d.copy(), 'a', 'd'))
# If an element does not exist, raise the KeyError exception
print(del_keys(d.copy(), 'a', 'd', ignore_errors=False))

Modify keys

With just one sentence you can modify one or more keys without changing their values.

from mysutils.collections import mod_key, mod_keys 

# Modify just one key: name by firstname
d = {'name': 'Pablo', 'lastname': 'Escobar', 'email': 'pabloescobar@example.com'}
mod_key(d, 'name', 'firstname')
# Modify several keys: name by firstname and lastname by familyname
d = {'name': 'Pablo', 'lastname': 'Escobar', 'email': 'pabloescobar@example.com'}
mod_keys(d, name='firstname', lastname='familyname')

Modify values

With just one sentence you can modify one or more values.

from mysutils.collections import mod_value, mod_values 

# Modify two values concatenating commands
d = {'name': 'Pablo', 'lastname': 'Escobar', 'email': 'pabloescobar@example.com'}
mod_value(mod_value(d, 'name', 'Jhon'), 'lastname', 'Smith')
# Modify two values with just one sentence
d = {'name': 'Pablo', 'lastname': 'Escobar', 'email': 'pabloescobar@example.com'}
mod_values(d, name='Jhon', lastname='Smith')

Merge a list of dictionaries

Convert a list of dictionaries with the same keys in a dictionary which each key contain the list of values of each dictionary. For example:

from mysutils.collections import merge_dicts

lst = [{'a': 1, 'b': 10}, {'a': 2, 'b': 11}, {'a': 3, 'b': 12}]
d = merge_dicts(lst)  # The value of d is {'a': [1, 2, 3], 'b': [10, 11, 12]}

Get dictionary items

Several function to get different items of a dictionary apart from its key.

from mysutils.collections import first_item, last_item, first_key, last_key, first_value, last_value, item, key, value

d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}

# Get the first dictionary item
first_item(d)  # Returns ('a', 1)
# Get the last dictionary item
last_item(d)  # Returns ('c', 3)
# Get the first key of the dictionary
first_key(d)  # Returns 'a'
# Get the last key of the dictionary
last_key(d)  # Returns 'c'
# Get the first value of the dictionary
first_value(d)  # Returns 1
# Get the last value of the dictionary
last_value(d)  # Returns 3
# Get the item in the position 1 of the dictionary
item(d, 1)  # Returns ('b', 2)
# Get the key in the position 1 of the dictionary
key(d, 1)  # Returns 'b'
# Get the value in the position 1 of the dictionary
value(d, 1)  # Returns 2

Search the first key in a list of dictionaries.

In an iterable of dicts (like a list) this function return the value of the first dictionary that contains the key.

from mysutils.collections import first_key_value

lst = [{'a': 1, 'b': 2}, {'a': 10, 'c': 3}, {'a': 100, 'c': 30}]
first_key_value(lst, 'a')  # Returns 1
first_key_value(lst, 'b')  # Returns 2
first_key_value(lst, 'c')  # Returns 3
first_key_value(lst, 'd')  # Raises a KeyError exception

Filter lists

Filter a list by a condition.

from mysutils.collections import filter_lst

lst = [i for i in range(1, 20)]

# Returns [1, 2, 3, 4]
filter_lst(lst, 4)
# Returns [2, 3, 4]
filter_lst(lst, 3, 1)
# Returns [3, 5]
filter_lst(lst, 5, 1, lambda x: x % 2 == 1)

Tuples

Convert a list of tuples into a tuple of lists. For example:

from mysutils.collections import merge_tuples

lst = [(1, 10), (2, 11), (3, 12)]
t = merge_tuples(lst)  # The value of t is ([1, 2, 3], [10, 11, 12])

Convert the values of a tuple using conversion functions. For example:

from mysutils.collections import convert_tuple_values

row = ('5', '9.99', 'USB device')

# Convert the first element in integer, the second in float and the third in string
quantity, price, item = convert_tuple_values(row, int, float, str)

OrderedSet

The OrderedSet class is an implementation of an ordered set in Python. An ordered set is a data structure that allows you to store unique elements in an ordered manner, meaning that they are maintained in the order in which they were inserted. This class is based on the Set class from the collections library and also implements the iteration protocol. Basic Set Operations.

The OrderedSet class provides the basic set operations that are defined by the Set class from the collections library. These operations include:

• add(): This method allows you to add a single element to the set.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s = OrderedSet({5, 4, 3})
  s.add(8)
  print(s)  # Prints {8, 3, 4, 5}

• time(): Get the time when an element was added. You can also use [item] operator, for example:

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  import time
  
  s = OrderedSet()
  s.add(1)
  time.sleep(0.5)
  s.add(8)
  print(s[1])  # Prints a datatime object with the time when the element 1 was added
  print(s[8])  # Prints a datatime object with the time when the element 1 was added
  print(s[1] < s[8])  # Prints True
  print(s[1] > s[8])  # Prints False

• before(): Get a copy of the OrderedSet with items were introduced before the given date.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  from datetime import datetime
  import time
  
  s = OrderedSet()
  s.add(1)
  time.sleep(0.5)
  s.add(8)
  t1 = datetime.now()
  s.update({2, 3, 4, 5, 6})
  print(s.before(t1))  # Prints {8, 1}

• after():

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  from datetime import datetime
  import time
  
  s = OrderedSet()
  s.add(1)
  time.sleep(0.5)
  s.add(8)
  t1 = datetime.now()
  s.update({2, 3, 4, 5, 6})
  print(s.after(t1))  # Prints {2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

• until(): Get a copy of the OrderedSet with items were introduced since the given date, including the same date).

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  from datetime import datetime
  import time
  
  s = OrderedSet()
  s.add(1)
  time.sleep(0.5)
  s.add(8)
  t1 = datetime.now()
  s.update({2, 3, 4, 5, 6})
  print(s.until(s[8]))  # Prints {8, 1}

• since(): Get a copy of the OrderedSet with items were introduced since the given date, including the same date).

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  from datetime import datetime
  import time
  
  s = OrderedSet()
  s.add(1)
  time.sleep(0.5)
  s.add(8)
  t1 = datetime.now()
  s.update({2, 3, 4, 5, 6})
  print(s.since(s[3]))  # Print {3, 4, 5, 6}

• remove(): This method allows you to remove an element from the set.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
  s.remove(2)
  print(s)  # Prints {1, 3}
  s.remove(2)  # Throws a KeyError exception.

• remove_items(): Remove the given items from the set.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
  s.remove_items([2, 3, 4])
  print(s)  # Prints {1, 5}

• remove_before(): Remove all the introduced items before the given date.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  from time import sleep
  
  s = OrderedSet([1, 3])
  sleep(0.1)
  s.add(4)
  time.sleep(0.1)
  s.add(5)
  s.remove_before(s[4])
  print(s)  # Prints {4, 5}      

• remove_until(): Remove all the introduced items until the given date, including the same date.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  from time import sleep
  
  s = OrderedSet([1, 3])
  sleep(0.1)
  s.add(4)
  time.sleep(0.1)
  s.add(5)
  s.remove_until(s[4])
  print(s)  # Prints {5}

• remove_after(): Remove all the introduced items after the given date.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  from time import sleep
  
  s = OrderedSet([1, 3])
  sleep(0.1)
  s.add(4)
  time.sleep(0.1)
  s.add(5)
  s.remove_after(s[4])
  print(s)  # Prints {1, 3, 4}

• remove_since(): Remove all the introduced items since the given date, including the same date.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  from time import sleep
  
  s = OrderedSet([1, 3])
  sleep(0.1)
  s.add(4)
  time.sleep(0.1)
  s.add(5)
  s.remove_since(s[4])
  print(s)  # Prints {1, 3}

• discard(): This method allows you to remove an element from the set. It is similar to the remove() method, but it does not raise an error if the element is not present in the set.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
  s.discard(2)
  print(s)  # Prints {1, 3}
  s.discard(2)  # Throws a KeyError exception.

• pop(): This method allows you to extract an element from the set. By default, it removes the first element that was added to the set, but you can also specify that it should remove the last element instead.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s = OrderedSet([24, 32, 18, 1, 6])
  print(s.pop())  # Prints 24
  print(s)  # Prints {32, 18, 1, 6}
  print(s.pop(last=True))  # Prints 6
  print(s)  # Prints {32, 18, 1}

• first(): Get the first element of the OrderedDict without removing it.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s = OrderedSet({1, 2, 3})
  print(s.first())  # Prints 1
  print(s.pop())  # Prints 1
  print(s.first())  # Prints 2

• update(): This method allows you to add a sequence of elements to the set.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s = OrderedSet([24, 32, 18, 1, 6])
  s.update([1, 2, 3])
  print(s)  # Prints {32, 1, 2, 3, 6, 18, 24}

• clear(): This method allows you to remove all elements from the set, effectively clearing the set.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
  s.clear()
  pritn(s)  # Prints {}  

• copy(): This method allows you to create a copy of the set. The copy will have the same elements as the original set, but it will be a separate object.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s1 = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
  s2 = s1.copy()
  print(s1, s2)  # {1, 2, 3} {1, 2, 3}

Additional Set Operations

• difference(): This method allows you to find the elements in the set that are not present in another set. It returns a new OrderedSet object that contains only the elements that are unique to the original set. You can also use the operator -, for example:

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s1 = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
  s2 = OrderedSet([2, 3, 4])
  print(s1.difference(s2))  # Prints {1}
  print(s1 - s2)  # Prints {1}

• difference_update(): This method allows you to remove the elements in the set that are not present in another set. It modifies the original set in-place, removing the elements that are not present in the other set.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s1 = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
  s2 = OrderedSet([2, 3, 4])
  s1.difference_update(s2)
  print(s1)  # Prints {1}

• intersection(): This method allows you to find the elements in the set that are present in another set. It returns a new OrderedSet object. You can also use the operator &, for example:

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s1 = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
  s2 = OrderedSet([2, 3, 4])
  print(s1.intersection(s2))  # Prints {2, 3}
  print(s1 & s2)  # Prints {2, 3}

• intersection_update(): This method allows you to remove the elements in the set that are not present in another set. It modifies the original set in-place, removing the elements that are not present in the other set.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s1 = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
  s2 = OrderedSet([2, 3, 4])
  s1.intersection_update(s2)
  print(s1)  # Prints {2, 3}

• union(): This is an operator method that allows you to use the | operator to find the union of two sets. It returns a new OrderedSet object that contains all elements from both sets.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s1 = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
  s2 = OrderedSet([3, 4, 5])
  print(s1.union(s2))  # Print {1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
  print(s1 | s2)  # Print {1, 2, 3, 4, 5})

• issubset(): This method allows you to check if the set is a subset of another set. It returns True if all elements in the set are also present in the other set, and False otherwise. You can also use the operator <=, for example:

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s1 = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
  s2 = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
  print(s1.issubset(s2))  # Prints True
  print(s2.issubset(s1))  # Prints False
  print(s1 <= s2)   # Prints True
  print(s2 <= s1)   # Prints False

• issuperset(): This method allows you to check if the set is a superset of another set. It returns True if all elements in the other set are also present in the set, and False otherwise. You can also use the operator >=, for example:

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s1 = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
  s2 = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
  print(s1.issuperset(s2))  # Prints True
  print(s2.issuperset(s1))  # Prints False
  print(s1 >= s2)  # Prints True
  print(s2 >= s1)  # Prints False

• isdisjoint(): This method allows you to check if the set has no elements in common with another set. It returns True if the sets have no elements in common, and False otherwise.

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s1 = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
  s2 = OrderedSet([4, 5, 6])
  s3 = OrderedSet([1, 5, 6])
  print(s1.isdisjoint(s2))  # Prints True
  print(s3.isdisjoint(s2))  # Prints False

• symmetric_difference(): This method returns the symmetric difference of two sets as a new OrderedSet. You can also use the operator ^, for example:

  from mysutils.collections import OrderedSet
  
  s1 = OrderedSet([1, 2, 3])
  s2 = OrderedSet([3, 4, 5])
  s3 = set(iter([1, 2, 3]))
  s4 = set(iter([3, 4, 5]))
  print(s1.symmetric_difference(s2))   # Prints {1, 2, 4, 5}
  print(s1 ^ s2)  # Prints {1, 2, 4, 5}

LRUDict

A dictionary with a maximum capacity. When it is reached, the first element added or acceded is removed to be able to add the new ones.

Examples:

from mysutils.collections import LRUDict

lru_dict = LRUDict(max_size=3)
lru_dict['a'] = 1
lru_dict['b'] = 2
lru_dict['c'] = 3
print(list(lru_dict.items()))  # Prints [('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3)]

# Add a new element and remove the old one
lru_dict['d'] = 4
print(list(lru_dict.items()))  # Prints [('b', 2), ('c', 3), ('d', 4)]

# Access to item 'b' and put it at the end
_ = lru_dict['b']
print(list(lru_dict.items()))  # Prints [('c', 3), ('a', 1), ('b', 2)]

# Create a dict without limit (equivalent to OrderedDict)
lru_dict = LRUDict()

Text

Simple functions related to text.

Find URLs

Find URLs in a text.

from mysutils.text import find_urls

text = """This is a test!
     Clean punctuation symbols and urls like this: https://example.com/my_space/user?a=b&c=3#first https://example.com/your_space/user#first
More urls:
https://example.com/my_space/user
https://example.com/your_space
"""

matches = find_urls(text)
for match in matches:
    start, end = match.span()[0], match.span()[1]
    print(text[start:end])

# The same but only with URLs that end with a slash
matches = find_urls(text, '/')

Get URLs

Get the URLs from a text.

from mysutils.text import get_urls

text = """This is a test!
     Clean punctuation symbols and urls like this: https://example.com/my_space/user?a=b&c=3#first https://example.com/your_space/user#first
More urls:
https://example.com/my_space/user
https://example.com/your_space
"""

# Get all the URLs from the text
urls = get_urls(text)

# Get all the URLs from the text that end with a slash
urls = get_urls(text, '/')

Remove URLs

Remove the URLs from a text.

from mysutils.text import remove_urls

text = """This is a test!
Clean urls like this:
https://example.com/my_space/user?a=b&c=3#first
https://example.com/your_space/user#first"""
remove_urls(text)
# Result: 
# 'This is a test!\nClean URLs like this:'

# You can filter by path:
remove_urls(text, r'my_space/user\?a=b&c=3#first')
# Result:
# 'This is a test!\n
#     Clean punctuation symbols and URLs like this:  https://example.com/your_space/user#first')

Replace URLs

Replace all the URLs which have a given path.

from mysutils.text import replace_urls

text = """This is a test!
Clean some urls like this:
https://example.com/my_space/user?a=b&c=3#first
https://example.com/your_space/user#first"""

# Replace only the url with the path /my_space/user
replace_urls(text, 'https://hello.com')
# Result:
# 'This is a test!\n
#      Clean punctuation symbols and urls like this: https://hello.com https://hello.com'

# Replace only the url with the path /my_space/user
replace_urls(text, 'https://hello.com', r'my_space/user')
# Result:
# 'This is a test!\n
#      Clean punctuation symbols and urls like this: https://hello.com https://example.com/your_space')

Check URLs in a text

Check if a text is a URL or contain one.

from mysutils.text import is_url, has_url

text = '...'
# Check if a text is a URL
if is_url(text):
  print('It is a URL!')
# Check if a text contains a URL
if has_url(text):
  print('It contains, at least, a URL!')

Clean text

Remove punctuation symbols, urls and convert to lower.

from mysutils.text import clean_text

text = 'This is a test!\n     Clean punctuation symbols and urls like this: ' \
       'https://example.com/my_space/user?a=b&c=3#first ' \
       'https://example.com/my_space/user#first'

# Remove punctuation, urls and convert to lower
clean_text(text)

# Remove punctuation and urls but do not convert to lower
clean_text(text, lower=False)

# Only remove punctuation
clean_text(text, lower=False, url=False)

Text markup

Create text effects in the console.

from mysutils.text import AnsiCodes, markup

# Print a yellow, italic and blinked text.
print(markup('This is a text with effects', 
             AnsiCodes.YELLOW, AnsiCodes.ITALIC, 
             AnsiCodes.SLOW_BLINK))
# This is the same but using string names
print(markup('This is a text with effects', 
             'yellow', 'italic', 
             'SLOW_BLINK'))

You can see the list of effects in the mysutils.text.AnsiCode enumeration.

Furthermore, you can set your own font, background and underline colors based on R, G, B scale.

from mysutils.text import AnsiCodes, markup, color, bg_color, un_color

# Print 'text' in yellow with gray background and blue underline color.
print('This is a ' + \ 
      markup('text', AnsiCodes.UNDERLINE, 
             color(255, 255, 20), 
             bg_color(60, 60, 60),
             un_color(80, 80, 255)) + 'with effects.')

Important note: All these font variants, styles and color do not work in all the consoles/terminals.

Hash a text

A very easy way to hash a text.

from mysutils.text import hash_text

# Print the SHA256 hash of that text in utf-8
print(hash_text('This is a text'))

# Print the SHA256 hash of that text in iso8859-1
print(hash_text('This is a text', encoding='iso8859-1'))

Is float

Check when a string is a float valid number or not.

from mysutils.text import is_float

print(is_float('1.23'))  # Print True
print(is_float('3.14159'))  # Print True
print(is_float('1.23e6'))  # Print True
print(is_float('3.45e-2'))  # Print True
print(is_float(Fraction(22, 7)))  # Print True
print(is_float('123'))  # Print True
print(is_float('1,234'))  # Print  False
print(is_float('a1234'))  # Print False

File access, load and save files

With these functions you can open files, create json and pickle files, and execute external commands very easily. Moreover, only changing the file extension you can store the information in a compressed file with gzip.

Open files

from mysutils.file import open_file, force_open

# Open a text file to read
with open_file('file.txt') as file:
    pass

# Open a compressed text file to write
with open_file('file.txt.gz', 'w') as file:
    pass

# Open a file in a directory, if the directory does not exist, 
# then create the parent directories.
with force_open('file.txt', 'w') as file:
    pass

# The same as previously, but with a compressed file.
with force_open('file.txt.gz', 'w') as file:
    pass

Load and save json files

This save and load json files, even if they are compressed, with just one line.

from mysutils.file import load_json, save_json

d = {
    'version': 1.0,
    'file_list': ['1.txt', '2.txt']
}

# Save the json in a text file
save_json(d, 'file.json')

# Load the json file from a text file
d = load_json('file.json')

# Save the json in a compressed file
save_json(d, 'file.json.gz')

# Load the json file from a compressed file
d = load_json('file.json.gz')

# Save the json into a text file in a given directory, 
# if the directory does not exist, then create it
save_json(d, 'data/file.json', force=True)

# The same but wit a compressed file
save_json(d, 'data/file.json.gz', force=True)

# Load a json file and if it doesn't exists, 
# then it returns a default value
d = load_json('file.json', default={})

# Load from a tar file
from mysutils.tar import load_tar_json

# Load a json (data.json) from a compressed tar file (file.tar.bz2)
d = load_tar_json('data/file.tar.bz2', 'data.json')

You can also load a JSON file from a compressed tar file.

Load and save pickle files

from mysutils.file import load_pickle, save_pickle

d = {
    'version': 1.0,
    'file_list': ['1.txt', '2.txt']
}

# Save a object in a pickle file
save_pickle(d, 'test1.pkl')

# Load the object from a pickle file
d = load_pickle('test1.pkl')

# Save the object into a compressed pickle file
save_pickle(d, 'test1.pkl.gz')

# Load the object from a compressed pickle file
d = load_pickle('test1.pkl.gz')

# Load the object but if the file does not exist, 
# then return the default vaule.
d = load_pickle('test1.pkl', default={})

# Save the object into a pickle file in a given directory, 
# if the directory does not exist, then create it
save_pickle(d, 'data/test1.pkl', force=True)

# The same but wit a compressed pickle file
save_pickle(d, 'data/test1.pkl.gz', force=True)

# Load from a tar file
from mysutils.tar import load_tar_pickle

# Load a compressed pickle (data.pkl.gz) from a compressed tar file (file.tar.bz2)
d = load_tar_pickle('data/file.tar.bz2', 'data.pkl.gz')

You can also load a pickle file from a compressed tar file.

Load and save Yaml files

These functions require to install the PyYaml module with the following command:

pip install PyYAML~=5.4.1

Examples of usage:

from mysutils.yaml import load_yaml, save_yaml

d = {
    'version': 1.0,
    'file_list': ['1.txt', '2.txt']
}

# Save a object in a yaml file
save_yaml(d, 'file.yml')

# Load the object from a yaml file
d = load_yaml('file.yml')

# Save the object into a compressed yaml file
save_yaml(d, 'file.yml.gz')

# Load the object from a compressed yaml file
d = load_yaml('file.yml.gz')

# Load the object from the yaml file if it exists,
# otherwise it returns the default object
d = load_yaml('file.yml.gz', {})

# Save the object into a yaml file in a given directory, 
# if the directory does not exist, then create it
save_yaml(d, 'data/file.yml', force=True)

# The same but wit a compressed yaml file
save_yaml(d, 'data/file.yml.gz', force=True)

# Load from a tar file
from mysutils.yaml import load_tar_yaml

# Load a yaml (data.yaml) from a compressed tar file (file.tar.xz)
d = load_tar_yaml('data/file.tar.xz', 'data.yaml')

You can also load a YAML file from a compressed tar file.

Copy files

A very simple way to copy several files into a directory. For example:

from mysutils.file import copy_files

# Copy the files 'file1.txt' and 'file2.txt' to the folder 'data/'. 
# If the directory does not exist, then create it.
copy_files('data/', 'file1.txt', 'file2.txt')

# To avoid create the folder if it does not exist.
copy_files('data/', 'file1.txt', 'file2.txt', force=False)

# Moreover, you can use file wildcards
copy_files('data/', '*.txt', '*.py')

Move files

Move several files at once.

from mysutils.file import move_files

# Move several files to test/
move_files('test/', '1.txt', '2.txt', '3.txt')

# Create the folder test/ if it does not exist
move_files('test/', '1.txt', '2.txt', '3.txt', force=True)

# Replace the files if already exists in test/
move_files('test/', '1.txt', '2.txt', '3.txt', replace=True)

# Moreover, you can use file wildcards
move_files('test/', '*.txt', '*.py')

Remove files

You can also remove several files and empty folders with just one sentence, using the remove_files() function:

from mysutils.file import remove_files

# Remove three files at once.
remove_files('test2.json', 'data/test1.json', 'data/')

# Remove three files at once ignoring if any does not exist.
remove_files('test2.json', 'data/test1.json', 'data/', ignore_errors=True)

# Remove three files or folders at once, if the folder contains more files, also will be removed.
remove_files('test2.json', 'data/test1.json', 'data/', recursive=True)

# Moreover, you can use file wildcards
remove_files('*.json', 'data/*.json')

If the file to remove is a directory, it has to be empty. If you want to remove directories with subdirectories or files, use shutil.rmtree().

Also,you can use removable_files() to remove files after their use:

from mysutils.tmp import removable_files

# These files will be removed when the with ends
with removable_files('test2.json', 'data/test1.json', 'data/'):
    pass

# These files will be removed when the with ends, ignoring possible errors
with removable_files('test2.json', 'data/test1.json', 'data/', ignore_errors=True):
    pass

# These files will be removed when the with ends, if any folder contains more files, also will be removed
with removable_files('test2.json', 'data/test1.json', 'data/', recursive=True):
    pass

# Get the variables for each removable file
with removable_files('test2.json') as (f1,):
    pass

# Even for several files
with removable_files('test2.json', 'data/test1.json', 'data/') as (f1, f2, f3):
    pass

Check if exists several files

With the function exist_files() you can check if several files exist or not. Its usage is very simple, for example:

from mysutils.file import exist_files, not_exist_files, are_dir, not_are_dir

# Returns True if all of the files exist, otherwise False.
exist_files('mysutils/collections.py', 'test/filetests.py', 'mysutils/file.py')

# Return True if any of the files exist, if it exists at least one, then return False
not_exist_files('mysutils/collections.py', 'test/filetests.py', 'mysutils/file.py')

# Returns True if all of the files are directories, otherwise False.
are_dir('mysutils/collections.py', 'test/filetests.py', 'mysutils/file.py')

# Return True if any of the files are directories, otherwise False.
not_are_dir('mysutils/collections.py', 'test/filetests.py', 'mysutils/file.py')

Count lines

Count the number of lines of one or several files. If the file is gzip compressed, then decompress it first.

from mysutils.file import open_file, count_lines
# Create a file with two lines
with open_file('text.txt.gz', 'wt') as file:
    print('First line', file=file)
    print('Second line', file=file)
# Return 2
count_lines('text.txt.gz')

# Count lines of several files
count_lines('file.txt.gz', 'file.txt')

Touch

Create several empty files.

from mysutils.file import touch

# Create the text.txt file without content
touch('text.txt')

# Create several empty files
touch('1.txt', '2.txt', '3.txt')

Cat

Print the content of a file.

from mysutils.file import cat, open_file

# Print the content of text.txt in the standard output
cat('text.txt')
# Print the content of the compressed file text.txt.gz in the standard output
cat('text.txt.gz')
# Print the content of text.txt into the file text_cat.txt
with open_file('text_cat.txt', 'wt') as file:
    cat('text.txt', output=file)
# Print the content of the compressed file text.txt.gz in the other compressed file text_cat.txt.gz.
with open_file('text_cat.txt.gz', 'wt') as file:
    cat('text.txt.gz', file)

Read file

Here is included functions to read a file of several forms.

from mysutils.file import read_file, first_line, last_line, head, tail, body, \
  read_files, read_from, read_until, read_line, read_body

# Read the file 'text.txt'
lines = read_file('text.txt')
# Read the compressed file 'text.txt.gz'
lines = read_file('text.txt.gz')
# Read the compressed file 'text.txt.gz' removing the newline character if it exists
lines = read_file('text.txt.gz', False)

# Read the first line of the file token.txt ignoring the character \n at the end of the line.
token = first_line('token.txt')
# Read the last line of the file
line = last_line('credits.txt')
# Read the top 20 lines of the file
top_lines = head('README.md', 20)
# Read the last 20 lines of the file
last_lines = tail('README.md', 20)
# Read the lines between the 5 to 20
body_lines = body('README.md', 5, 20)
# Read lines from the line that starts with "# Text" appears to the end of file
lines_from = read_from('README.md', r'^# Text')
# Read lines until the line that starts with "# Text" is found
lines_until = read_until('README.md', r'^# Text')
# Read lines from whose starts with E until the line that starts with G 
lines_from_to = read_body('test2.txt.gz', r'^E', r'^G')
# Read only the line that matches with "Web API" 
line = read_line('test2.txt.gz', r'^# Web API')

# Read several files at once and return a unique list with the content of all the files
lines = read_files('README.md', 'requirements.txt')

Write in a file

Write a text in a file in just one instruction, even if the file is compressed.

from mysutils.file import write_file

# Write a text in a file
write_file('text.txt', 'This an example of writing text in a file.')
# Write a text in a compressed file
write_file('text.txt.gz', 'This an example of writing text in a file.')

# Write a list of strings in a file
text = ['This is another exmaple of writing text in a file.', 'This file has several lines.']
# Write a text in a file
write_file('text.txt', text)
# Write a text in a compressed file
write_file('text.txt.gz', text)

Make directories

Create one or more directories but if them already exist, then do nothing.

from mysutils.file import mkdirs

# Create the folder if not exists
mkdirs('new_folder')

# Do nothing because the folder was already created
mkdirs('new_folder')

# Create several folders at once
mkdirs('folder1', 'folder2', 'folder3')

List files

Functions to list a folder and obtain the first or last file of a folder.

from mysutils.file import first_file, last_file, list_dir

# Return a sorted list of files of the current directory.
list_dir()

# Return a sorted list of files of the 'test' directory.
list_dir('test')

# # Return the list of files thant end with '.txt' of the 'test' directory.



# Return the same list but with the inverted order
list_dir('test', '.*\.txt$', reverse=True)

# Return the path of the first file in the current folder
first_file()

# Return the path of the last file in the current folder
last_file()

# Return the path of the first file in the 'test' folder
first_file('test/')

# Return the path of the last file in the 'test' folder
last_file('test/')

# Return the path of the first file in the 'test' folder that ends with .txt
first_file('test/', r'.*\.txt$')

# Return the path of the last file in the 'test' folder that ends with .txt
last_file('test/', r'.*\.txt$')

Generate output file paths

Sometimes it is useful to generate a file name taken into account some parameters and the current timestamp. This function generates this file paths.

from mysutils.file import output_file_path

# Generate a file name in the current folder with the timestamp
file_path = output_file_path()

# Generate a file name in the 'model' folder with the timestamp
file_path = output_file_path('model')

# Generate a file name in the 'model' folder with the timestamp and .tar.gz as suffix.
file_path = output_file_path('model', '.tar.gz')

# Generate a file name in the 'model' folder with the timestamp, followed by the string "-svm-0.7-300-lemma",
# and .tar.gz as suffix.
filepath = output_file_path('model', '.tar.gz', True, method='svm', k=0.7, passes=300, lemma=True, stopw=False)

# Generate the same as previous but without timestamp
output_file_path('model', '.tar.gz', False, method='svm', k=0.7, passes=300, lemma=True, stopw=False)

Check file encoding

Check if a file content is compatible with a text encoding.

from mysutils.file import has_encoding

# Return True if the file 1.txt is compatible with utf-8
has_encoding('1.txt', 'utf-8')

Expand wildcards

From strings or file paths which might contain wildcards, the function expand_wildcards() expands them, returning a list of existing files that match with the wildcards.

from mysutils.file import expand_wildcards, touch

# Create 4 files with different extensions
touch('1.txt', '2.txt', '3.json', '4.yaml')
# Return ['1.txt', '2.txt', '4.yaml']
expand_wildcards('*.txt', '*.yaml')

Text to filename

Convert a text into a filename, removing unsupported characters.

from mysutils.file import to_filename

# Print "Hello World_ How are you_"
print(to_filename('Hello World! How are you?'))

# Print "Hello World_ How are you_.srt"
print(to_filename('Hello World! How are you?', '.srt'))

Removable files

Many times it is necessary to remove temporal files after their use, even if there are any problem with the process. These classes and functions allow you to self-removable files, temporally or not.

For example, with removable_tmp() function you can do:

from mysutils.tmp import removable_tmp

# Create removable temporal file
with removable_tmp() as tmp:
    # Do something with the file tmp, for example:
    with open(tmp, 'wt') as file:
        print('Hello world', file=file)
# The tmp file is removed

# Create removable temporal folder
with removable_tmp(folder=True) as tmp:
    # Do something with the folder tmp
    ...
# The temporal folder is removed

# Create a file with suffix:
with removable_tmp(suffix='tar.gz') as tmp:
    # Do something with the file tmp
    ...
# The temporal folder is removed

# Create a file with suffix and prefix
with removable_tmp(suffix='tar.gz', prefix='prefix_') as tmp:
    # Do something with the file tmp
    ...
# The temporal folder is removed

Also, you can do the same with custom created files:

from mysutils.tmp import removable_files
from mysutils.file import mkdirs

# Several files to remove
with removable_files('1.txt', '2.txt', '3.txt', 'x.out', 'y.out', 'z.out'):
    # Do something with the defined files, for example:
    with open('1.txt', 'wt') as file:
        print('Hello world', file=file)
# All the files are removed

# Create a removable file and assign it to a variable
with removable_files('1.txt') as (filename,):
  with open(filename, 'wt') as file:
        print('Hello world', file=file)
# The file is removed
      
# Several files to remove and assign them to variables
with removable_files('1.txt', '2.txt', '3.txt', 'x.out', 'y.out', 'z.out') as (f1, f2, f3, f4, f6):
    # Do something with the defined files, for example:
    with open(f1, 'wt') as file:
        print('Hello world', file=file)
    with open(f2, 'wt') as file:
        print('Goodbye world', file=file)
# All the files are removed

# A removable folders
with removable_files('data1', 'data2', recursive=True) as (d1, d2):
    mkdirs(d1, d2)
    # Do something with the folders
    ...
# Remove automatically the folders and their files

Compressing files

With this library there are two ways to compress files: single gzip files and tar files.

Gzip

from mysutils.file import gzip_compress, gzip_decompress, save_json

# Create a file
d = {
    'version': 1.0,
    'file_list': ['1.txt', '2.txt']
}
save_json(d, 'file.json')

# Compress the file
gzip_compress('file.json', 'file.json.gz')

# Decompress the file
gzip_decompress('file.json.gz', 'file2.json')

Tar

Some utils to create, extract and use tar files.

All the examples of this section assume you have the files 'test.json' and 'test.json.gz', for instance, with this code:

from mysutils.file import save_json

d = {
    'version': 1.0,
    'file_list': ['1.txt', '2.txt']
}
save_json(d, 'test.json')
save_json(d, 'test.json.gz')

Create a tar file

With create_tar() you can create a tar file (compressed or not) and include a list of files.

from mysutils.tar import create_tar

# Create a normal tar file
create_tar('test.tar', 'test.json', 'test.json.gz')

# Create a gzip compressed tar file
create_tar('test.tar.gz', 'test.json', 'test.json.gz')

# Create a bzip2 compressed tar file
create_tar('test.tar.bz2', 'test.json', 'test.json.gz')

# create a xz compressed tar file
create_tar('test.tar.xz', 'test.json', 'test.json.gz')

# The compress method is selected automatically, but you can force it by the parameter compress_method
create_tar('test.tar', 'test.json', 'test.json.gz', compress_method='gz')

List the content of a tar file

from mysutils.tar import list_tar

lst = list_tar('test.tar.gz')
print(lst[0].path)

Extract a specific file

from mysutils.tar import extract_tar_file

# Extract the file 'test.json' to 'test2.json' from 'test.tar.gz'. 
extract_tar_file('test.tar.gz', 'test2.json', 'test.json')

# Extract the file 'test.json' and save it into 'data/' folder from 'test.tar.gz'.
extract_tar_file('test.tar.gz', 'data/', 'test.json')

# The decompress method is selected automatically, but you can force it by the parameter compress_method
extract_tar_file('test.tar', 'data/', 'test.json', compress_method='gz')

Extract several files into a folder

from mysutils.tar import extract_tar_files, extract_tar

# Extract 'test.json' and 'test.json.gz' from 'test.tar.gz2' and store them into 'data/' if it exists.
extract_tar_files('test.tar.bz2', 'data/', 'test.json', 'test.json.gz')

# The same as before but creates the folder 'data/' if it does not exist.
extract_tar_files('test.tar.bz2', 'data/', 'test.json', 'test.json.gz', force=True)

# Extract files showing a progress bar
extract_tar_files('test.tar.bz2', 'data/', 'test.json', 'test.json.gz', verbose=True)

# Extract all the files into the folder 'data/' if it exists
extract_tar('test.tar', 'data/', False)

# Extract all the files forcing the folder creation
extract_tar('test.tar', 'data/', True)

# Show a progress bar
extract_tar('test.tar', 'data/', verbose=True)

In all the previous functions you can use compress_method parameter to select manually which compression or decompression method you want to use.

Add files to a TAR archive

from mysutils.tar import create_tar, add_tar_files

# Create a tar file with a compressed json file
create_tar('test.tar', 'test.json.gz')
# Add the files to the tar file
add_tar_files('test.tar', 'test.json', 'test1.txt')

# This function also works with compressed tar files
create_tar('test.tar.gz', 'test.json.gz')
add_tar_files('test.tar.gz', 'test.json', 'test1.txt')

# The decompress method is selected automatically, but you can force it by the parameter compress_method
add_tar_files('test.tar', 'test.json', 'test1.txt', compress_method='gz')

Open and load files inside a tar archive

With these functions it is possible to open a stream to or load a yaml, json or pickle of a specific file inside a tar archive.

from mysutils.tar import open_tar_file, load_tar_json, load_tar_pickle
from mysutils.yaml import load_tar_yaml
import json

# Open the file test.txt from test.tar.gz and print its content 
with open_tar_file('test.tar.gz', 'test.txt') as file:
    for line in file:
      print(line, end='')

# Load a json file inside a tar archive, even if it is also compressed
d = load_tar_json('test.tar.gz', 'test.json.gz')

# Load a pickle file inside a tar archive, even if it is also compressed
o = load_tar_pickle('test.tar.gz', 'test.pkl')

# Load a yaml file inside a tar archive, even if it is also compressed
d = load_tar_yaml('test.tar.gz', 'test.yaml.gz')

Check if some files are inside a TAR file

from mysutils.tar import create_tar, exist_tar_files

# Create a TAR file
create_tar('test.tar.gz', 'test.json', 'test.json.gz')
# This will return True
exist_tar_files('test.tar.gz', 'test.json', 'test.json.gz')
# This will return False
exist_tar_files('test.tar.gz', 'other.json', 'test.json.gz')

Hashing

Generate hash codes from the content of files in different formats and codifications.

from mysutils.hash import file_md5, file_sha1, file_sha224, file_sha256, file_sha384, file_sha512
from mysutils.file import write_file
from mysutils.tmp import removable_tmp

with removable_tmp() as tmp:
  # Write a text in a temporal file 
  write_file(tmp, 'Hello World!')
  # Print in hexadecimal string representation
  print(file_md5(tmp))  # The md5 of "Hellow World!"
  print(file_sha1(tmp))  # The md5 of "Hellow World!"
  print(file_sha224(tmp))  # The md5 of "Hellow World!"
  print(file_sha256(tmp))  # The md5 of "Hellow World!"
  print(file_sha384(tmp))  # The md5 of "Hellow World!"
  print(file_sha512(tmp))  # The md5 of "Hellow World!"
  # Print in binary
  print(file_md5(tmp, False))  # The md5 of "Hellow World!"
  print(file_sha1(tmp, False))  # The md5 of "Hellow World!"
  print(file_sha224(tmp, False))  # The md5 of "Hellow World!"
  print(file_sha256(tmp, False))  # The md5 of "Hellow World!"
  print(file_sha384(tmp, False))  # The md5 of "Hellow World!"
  print(file_sha512(tmp, False))  # The md5 of "Hellow World!"

External commands

This module only contains a function that execute an external command and return the standard and error outputs. Its execution is very simple:

from mysutils.command import execute_command

# Execute the Unix shell command 'ls data/'
std, err = execute_command(['ls', 'data/'])
# Print the standard output
print(std)
# Print the error output
print(err)

# Also you can introduce an unique string
std, err = execute_command('echo -n "This is a test"')

Configuration files

Too many times, when you deal with config files or some kind of configuration cluster server, you become crazy because there are a small spelling mistake in the name of a configuration parameter, and you code does not work properly. With the function parse_config() you can easily define an array with the configuration parameter that you need and this function throws an exception if there are any error or the parameters in the configuration file does not match with the defined ones. For example:

from mysutils.config import parse_config

PARAM_DEFINITION = [('server_host', False, 'http://0.0.0.0'), ('server_port', False, 8080),
                    ('database_name', True, None)]
# Check if all the required parameters are in the configuration file and there are anymore (double check)
config = {
  'database_name': 'Test'
}
values = parse_config(config, PARAM_DEFINITION, True)  # Returns the default values of the parameters

# With double_check to False instead of True, the configuration file can have other no defined parameters
config = {
  'database_name': 'Test',
  'new_parameter': 1
}
values = parse_config(config, PARAM_DEFINITION, False)

# This will raise an error because double_check is activated and the configuration file has a non-defined value.
config = {
  'database_name': 'Test',
  'new_parameter': 1
}
parse_config(config, PARAM_DEFINITION, True)

Logging

Some functions to configure and to get information about logging.

from mysutils.logging import get_log_level_names, get_log_levels, get_log_level, config_log

# Configure the logging to show only error messages
config_log('ERROR')

# Configure the logging to show INFO or higher message level and store it in a file
config_log('ERROR', 'file.log')

# Get the log level names
get_log_level_names()

# Get the log level names and its number
get_log_levels()

# Get the log level number from its name
get_log_level('DEBUG')

You have also the log_curl_request() function to

from logging import getLogger
from mysutils.logging import log_curl_request
from mysutils.text import AnsiCodes

logger = getLogger(__name__)

log_curl_request(logger.error,
                 'http://localhost:5000/world_domination',
                 'POST',
                 {'Content-Type': 'application/json'},
                 {'quantity_of_people': 'everybody'},
                 AnsiCodes.RED)

The previous code will print the following output but with the command in red color:

curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" "http://localhost:5000/world_domination" --data '{"quantity_of_people": "everybody"}'

Method synchronization

Sometimes it is necessary to create a synchronized method. With @synchronized you can create a synchronized method easily:

from mysutils.method import synchronized
from time import sleep
from threading import Thread

num = 0

# Create a class with a synchronized method
class MyClass(object):
    @synchronized
    def calculate(self):
        global num
        print(f'Starting calculation {num}.')
        sleep(5)
        num += 1
        print(f'Ending calculation {num}.')

# Create two instances of the same class
obj1, obj2 = MyClass(), MyClass()
# Execute the method of the first object as a thread 
thread = Thread(target=obj1.calculate)
thread.start()
sleep(1)
# This method will wait 4 seconds more to finish the first calculate() method.
obj1.calculate()

Services and Web

Download a file

This function requires to install the Requests module with the following command:

pip install requests~=2.25.1

After module requests is installed, you can download a file with this simple command:

from mysutils.web import download

# Download the file from the url to 'dest/file.txt'.
download('<url-to-download>', 'dest/file.txt')

Endpoint

In the contexts of a web service, you can need the base real final url to a service, that means, the protocol, IP or hostname and path to the service. You can obtain this with endpoint() function. This function is based on javascript, then it is necessary to use inside an HTML document.

An example, in all my services I create a start point (usually home page) to describe briefly how to use. Depending on if I deploy this service locally or in the job server, the path to the service changes. However, I would not like to remember to modify each time the service or any parameter. To avoid this, I use the endpoint() function in the HTML instructions like this:

from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException
from mysutils.service import endpoint

app = FastAPI()

@app.get('/', response_class=HTMLResponse)
def home() -> str:
    """ Show the help.
    :return: The HTML code to show the help.
    """
    return f'<h1>My service</h1>\n' \
           '<p>With these services, you can do wonderful things. ' \
           'For example, with this one you can dominate the world:</p>\n' \
           '<code>' + \
           f'curl -X GET -L -i \'{endpoint("dominate")}?num_countries=&lt;NUM&gt;\'' \
           '</code>\n' \

If your service is in the URL https://www.example.com/services/dominate, this will generate a page like this:

My service

With this service, you can do wonderful things. For example, with this one you can dominate the world:

curl -X GET -L -i 'https://www.example.com/services/dominate?num_countries=<NUM>'

However, if you execute this command locally in port 8080, the last URL will be: http://localhost:8080/dominate?num_countries=.

This method works in both, FastAPI or Flask, and it maybe can work also in other server environments.

Generate service help

You can create a page with documentation about your service from a README.md or another Markdown file with the function generate_service_help(). For example:

from mysutils.fastapi import gen_service_help
from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse
from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException

app = FastAPI()


@app.get('/help', response_class=HTMLResponse)
def home() -> str:
  """ Show the help.
  :return: The HTML code to show the help.
  """
  # Specify paths manually
  return gen_service_help('Page title', 'README.md', '# Web API',
                          '/service1', '/service2', '/service3')
  # Specify paths automatically
  return gen_service_help('Page title', 'README.md', '# Web API', *app.routes)

This way, it will generate a Web page with the title 'Page title', using the information in the README.md file from the section '# Web API' for the service endpoints 'service1', 'service2' and 'service3'.

If the endpoints are used, then, if in the readme threre are any url like 'https?://.*/serviceX', then it will return the real URL of the service.

Note: To use this function, you need to install markdown package, and, optionally, if you want colorful embedded code, you also need to install pygments:

pip install "Markdown>=3.3.6,<4" "Pygments>=2.10.0,<3"

JSON post

A very easy way to send a dictionary by means to http post, ot a json service.

from mysutils.request import json_post

# Send the dictionary '{"msg": "Hello world!"}' to the service with that url 
json_post('https://postman-echo.com/post', {"msg": "Hello world!"})

File unit tests

A small class that inherits from TestCase and have methods to assert the typical file options like exists or isdir.

from mysutils import unittest
from mysutils.file import touch, move_files

class MyTestCase(unittest.FileTestCase):
  # Check if some files exists and they have been moved successfully
  def test_move_files(self) -> None:
    touch('1.txt', '2.txt', '3.txt')
    move_files('test/', '1.txt', '2.txt', '3.txt')
    self.assertExists('test/1.txt', 'test/2.txt', 'test/3.txt')
    self.assertNotExists('1.txt', '2.txt', '3.txt')

  def test_encoding(self) -> None:
    # Check if the content of 1.txt, 2.txt and 3.txt are compatible
    # with iso8859-1 encoding.
    self.assertEncoding('1.txt', '2.txt', '3.txt', encoding='iso8859-1')
    # Check if the content of 1.txt, 2.txt and 3.txt are not compatible
    # with iso8859-1 encoding.
    self.assertEncoding('1.txt', '2.txt', '3.txt', encoding='iso8859-1')

Miscellany

Other no classifiable functions, like conditional() function that executes a function if a condition is True. For example, if you need to do the following:

from mysutils.misc import conditional

# The function to execute
def my_func(a: int, b: str, **kwargs) -> str:
    return f'Intent {a} of {b} for {kwargs["c"]}'

# Instead of doing this:
if a > b:
  my_func(1, 'apple', c='Lucas')

# You can do
conditional(my_func, a > b, 1, 'apple', c='Lucas')

How to collaborate

I you want to collaborate with this project, please, contact with me.