Mina noteringar om BMS
- Kortslutningsström får ej förekomma Isc
- Temperatur på batterier bör övervakas >0C <45C
- Vanliga batterier är 18650 (18mm diameter, 65mm hög)
- Flera kemiska varianter - Li-PO, LiFePO4, LiFeYPO4, LiCoO2, LiMnNiCo and LiMnO4 Lithium-Ion
- Lithiumbatterier bör ej understiga 2,5V eller överstiga 4,2V - SoC
- Fulladdat batteri anses vara 90% då 100% över lång tid minskar dess livslängd
- Laddning under 30% minskar också livslängden
- max konstant strömuttag vs puls strömuttag
- Flat top (CID) eller
- Viktiga parametrar att ha koll på
- Överspänning OV, underspänning UV
- Laddström
- Passiv laddning
- Aktiv laddning -
- Över tid blir celler olika kraftiga - om en cell blir 5% sämre än de övriga så slås alla celler ut fortare
https://www.renesas.com/eu/en/doc/datasheet/isl94203.pdf
| Chemistry | Lithium Cobalt Oxide | Lithium Manganese Oxide | Lithium Nickel Manganese | Lithium Iron Phosphate | Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide | Lithium Titanate |
| Short form | Li-cobalt | Li-manganese | NMC | Li-phosphate | Li-aluminum | Li-titanate | |Abbreviation | LiCoC2 (LCO) | LiMn2O4 (LMO) | LiNiMnCoO2 (NMC) | LiFePo4 (LFP) | LiNiCoAlO2 (NCA) | Li2TiO3 (LTO) |
Nominal voltage
3.60V
3.70V (3.80V)
3.60V (3.70V)
3.20, 3.30V
3.60V
2.40V
Full charge
4.20V
4.20V
4.20V (or higher)
3.65V
4.20V
2.85V
Full discharge
3.00V
3.00V
3.00V
2.50V
3.00V
1.80V
Minimal voltage
2.50V
2.50V
2.50V
2.00V
2.50V
1.50V (est.)
Specific Energy
150–200Wh/kg
100–150Wh/kg
150–220Wh/kg
90–120Wh/kg
200-260Wh/kg
70–80Wh/kg
Charge rate
0.7–1C (3h)
0.7–1C (3h)
0.7–1C (3h)
1C (3h)
1C
1C (5C max)
Discharge rate
1C (1h)
1C, 10C possible
1–2C
1C (25C pule)
1C
10C possible
Cycle life (ideal)
500–1000
300–700
1000–2000
1000–2000
500
3,000–7,000
Thermal runaway
150°C (higher when empty)
250°C (higher when empty)
210°C(higher when empty)
270°C (safe at full charge)
150°C (higher when empty)
One of safest Li-ion batteries
Maintenance
Keep cool; store partially charged; prevent full charge cycles, use moderate charge and discharge currents
Packaging (typical)
18650, prismatic and pouch cell
prismatic
18650, prismatic and pouch cell
26650, prismatic
18650
prismatic
History
1991 (Sony)
1996
2008
1996
1999
2008
Applications
Mobile phones, tablets, laptops, cameras
Power tools, medical devices, powertrains
E-bikes, medical devices, EVs, industrial
Stationary with high currents and endurance
Medical, industrial, EV (Tesla)
UPS, EV, solar street lighting
Comments
High energy, limited power. Market share has stabilized.
High power, less capacity; safer than Li-cobalt; often mixed with NMC to improve performance.
High capacity and high power. Market share is increasing. Also NCM, CMN, MNC, MCN
Flat discharge voltage, high power low capacity, very safe; elevated self-discharge.
Highest capacity with moderate power. Similar to Li-cobalt.
Long life, fast charge, wide temperature range and safe. Low capacity, expensive.