Support binding properties to specific Arbs when doing reflective binding

[Kantis]

Adds the method:

inline fun <reified T : Any> Arb.Companion.bind(builder: ProvidedArbsBuilder.() -> Unit): Arb<T>

Which lets us construct reflective arbs while providing arbs to be used for various classes and properties. Previously this capability existed but one could only provide a default arb per class. This becomes inconvenient for commonly used types like Int, String, etc.

The new method proposes a builder syntax, like:

   "Bind using properties" {

      data class Person(val id: Int, val name: String)
      data class Family(val name: String, val persons: List<Person>)

      checkAll(Arb.bind<Family> {
         // Create a binding for the `name` property on Family to always 
         // generate a String prefixed with Flanders 
         bind(Family::name to Arb.string().map { s -> "Flanders-$s" })
     
         // Bind the `id` property of `Person` to generate positive ints
         bind(Person::id to Arb.positiveInt())
  
         // Binding using class is also still possible. 
         // Included for completeness but completely useless for the test.
         bind(Double::class to Arb.double())
      }) { family ->
         family.name.shouldStartWith("Flanders-")
         family.persons.forAll {
            it.name.shouldNotStartWith("Flanders-")
            it.id shouldBeGreaterThan 0
         }
      }

   }

Work-around

If one wishes to achieve the same result with currently available methods, you would have to first create the Arb<Person> and explicitly bind it to Person::class during reflective binding, like:

   "Bind WITHOUT using properties" {

      data class Person(val id: Int, val name: String)
      data class Family(val name: String, val persons: List<Person>)
    
      val personArb = Arb.bind<Person>(mapOf(Int::class to Arb.positiveInt())
 
      checkAll(Arb.bind<Family>(mapOf(Person::class to personArb)) { family ->
         family.name.shouldStartWith("Flanders-")
         family.persons.forAll {
            it.name.shouldNotStartWith("Flanders-")
            it.id shouldBeGreaterThan 0
         }
      }

   }

In a scenario with deeper nesting or more type-reuse this might be incredibly inconvenient.

[stale]

This issue has been automatically marked as stale because it has not had recent activity. It will be closed if no further activity occurs. Thank you for your contributions.

[Kantis]

@myuwono: WDYT? Would it be better to expand the ArbResolver interface with property-handling capabilities, and make it possible to supply that when creating arbs using reflection?

[myuwono]

That's a really good idea @Kantis ! hmm I think as long as we can get the usage to be ergonomic enough this is going to be really helpful. Can you supply perhaps an example code for the usage in here? Keen to see how it looks like.

[Kantis]

@myuwono I updated the original PR comment to describe the proposed API properly

[stale]

This issue has been automatically marked as stale because it has not had recent activity. It will be closed if no further activity occurs. Thank you for your contributions.

[Kantis]

Still interested in feedback on this one

[myuwono]

I think this is really awesome!

[sksamuel]

Can we get this ready for 5.7, would love to include it.

[Kantis]

On vacation for another week. I could probably finish it up first week in September if that's soon enough :)

[Kantis]

Should this function be @KotestInternal?