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---
title: 自动扩缩集群 DNS 服务
content_type: task
weight: 80
---
<!--
title: Autoscale the DNS Service in a Cluster
content_type: task
weight: 80
-->

<!-- overview -->
<!--
This page shows how to enable and configure autoscaling of the DNS service in a
Kubernetes cluster.
This page shows how to enable and configure autoscaling of the DNS service in
your Kubernetes cluster.
-->
本页展示了如何在集群中启用和配置 DNS 服务的自动扩缩功能。
本页展示了如何在你的 Kubernetes 集群中启用和配置 DNS 服务的自动扩缩功能。

## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}}

Expand All @@ -21,78 +23,66 @@ Kubernetes cluster.
<!--
* This guide assumes your nodes use the AMD64 or Intel 64 CPU architecture
* Make sure the [DNS feature](/docs/concepts/services-networking/dns-pod-service/) itself is enabled.
* Kubernetes version 1.4.0 or later is recommended.
* Make sure [Kubernetes DNS](/docs/concepts/services-networking/dns-pod-service/) is enabled.
-->
* 本指南假设你的节点使用 AMD64 或 Intel 64 CPU 架构

* 确保已启用 [DNS 功能](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/services-networking/dns-pod-service/)本身。
* 确保 [Kubernetes DNS](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/services-networking/dns-pod-service/) 已启用。

* 建议使用 Kubernetes 1.4.0 或更高版本。

<!-- steps -->

<!--
## Determining whether DNS horizontal autoscaling is already enabled
## Determine whether DNS horizontal autoscaling is already enabled {#determining-whether-dns-horizontal-autoscaling-is-already-enabled}
List the {{< glossary_tooltip text="Deployments" term_id="deployment" >}}
in your cluster in the kube-system namespace:
```shell
kubectl get deployment --namespace=kube-system
```
The output is similar to this:
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
...
dns-autoscaler 1 1 1 1 ...
...
If you see "dns-autoscaler" in the output, DNS horizontal autoscaling is
already enabled, and you can skip to
[Tuning autoscaling parameters](#tuning-autoscaling-parameters).
in your cluster in the kube-system {{< glossary_tooltip text="namespace" term_id="namespace" >}}:
-->
## 确定是否 DNS 水平自动扩缩特性已经启用 {#determining-whether-dns-horizontal-autoscaling-is-already-enabled}

在 kube-system 命名空间中列出集群中的 {{< glossary_tooltip text="Deployments" term_id="deployment" >}} ：
在 kube-system {{< glossary_tooltip text="命名空间" term_id="namespace" >}}中列出集群中的
{{< glossary_tooltip text="Deployment" term_id="deployment" >}}：

```shell
kubectl get deployment --namespace=kube-system
```

<!--
The output is similar to this:
-->
输出类似如下这样：

```
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
...
dns-autoscaler 1 1 1 1 ...
dns-autoscaler 1/1 1 1 ...
...
```

如果在输出中看到 “dns-autoscaler”，说明 DNS 水平自动扩缩已经启用，可以跳到
[调优自动扩缩参数](#tuning-autoscaling-parameters)。

<!--
## Getting the name of your DNS Deployment {#find-scaling-target}
List the Deployments in your cluster in the kube-system namespace:
If you see "dns-autoscaler" in the output, DNS horizontal autoscaling is
already enabled, and you can skip to
[Tuning autoscaling parameters](#tuning-autoscaling-parameters).
-->
如果在输出中看到 “dns-autoscaler”，说明 DNS 水平自动扩缩已经启用，
可以跳到[调优 DNS 自动扩缩参数](#tuning-autoscaling-parameters)。

```shell
kubectl get deployment --namespace=kube-system
```
<!--
## Get the name of your DNS Deployment {#find-scaling-target}
The output is similar to this:
List the DNS deployments in your cluster in the kube-system namespace:
-->
## 获取 DNS Deployment 的名称 {#find-scaling-target}

列出集群内 kube-system 名字空间中的 DNS Deployment：
列出集群内 kube-system 命名空间中的 DNS Deployment：

```shell
kubectl get deployment -l k8s-app=kube-dns --namespace=kube-system
```

<!--
The output is similar to this:
-->
输出类似如下这样：

```
Expand All @@ -117,7 +107,7 @@ and look for a deployment named `coredns` or `kube-dns`.
并在输出中寻找名称为 `coredns` 或 `kube-dns` 的 Deployment。

<!--
Your scale target is:
Your scale target is
-->
你的扩缩目标为：

Expand All @@ -127,7 +117,7 @@ Deployment/<your-deployment-name>

<!--
where `<your-deployment-name>` is the name of your DNS Deployment. For example, if
your DNS Deployment name is coredns, your scale target is Deployment/coredns.
the name of your Deployment for DNS is coredns, your scale target is Deployment/coredns.
-->
其中 `<your-deployment-name>` 是 DNS Deployment 的名称。
例如，如果你的 DNS Deployment 名称是 `coredns`，则你的扩展目标是 Deployment/coredns。
Expand All @@ -143,16 +133,16 @@ CoreDNS 是 Kubernetes 的默认 DNS 服务。CoreDNS 设置标签 `k8s-app=kube
{{< /note >}}

<!--
## Enabling DNS horizontal autoscaling {#enablng-dns-horizontal-autoscaling}
## Enable DNS horizontal autoscaling {#enablng-dns-horizontal-autoscaling}
In this section, you create a Deployment. The Pods in the Deployment run a
In this section, you create a new Deployment. The Pods in the Deployment run a
container based on the `cluster-proportional-autoscaler-amd64` image.
Create a file named `dns-horizontal-autoscaler.yaml` with this content:
-->
## 启用 DNS 水平自动扩缩 {#enablng-dns-horizontal-autoscaling}

在本节，我们创建一个 Deployment。Deployment 中的 Pod 运行一个基于
在本节，我们创建一个新的 Deployment。Deployment 中的 Pod 运行一个基于
`cluster-proportional-autoscaler-amd64` 镜像的容器。

创建文件 `dns-horizontal-autoscaler.yaml`，内容如下所示：
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -188,11 +178,11 @@ DNS horizontal autoscaling is now enabled.
DNS 水平自动扩缩在已经启用了。

<!--
## Tuning autoscaling parameters {#tuning-autoscaling-parameters}
## Tune DNS autoscaling parameters {#tuning-autoscaling-parameters}
Verify that the dns-autoscaler {{< glossary_tooltip text="ConfigMap" term_id="configmap" >}} exists:
-->
## 调优自动扩缩参数 {#tuning-autoscaling-parameters}
## 调优 DNS 自动扩缩参数 {#tuning-autoscaling-parameters}

验证 dns-autoscaler {{< glossary_tooltip text="ConfigMap" term_id="configmap" >}} 是否存在：

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -232,20 +222,20 @@ linear: '{"coresPerReplica":256,"min":1,"nodesPerReplica":16}'

<!--
Modify the fields according to your needs. The "min" field indicates the
minimal number of DNS backends. The actual number of backends number is
minimal number of DNS backends. The actual number of backends is
calculated using this equation:
-->

根据需要修改对应的字段。“min” 字段表明 DNS 后端的最小数量。
实际后端的数量通过使用如下公式来计算：

```
replicas = max( ceil( cores * 1/coresPerReplica ) , ceil( nodes * 1/nodesPerReplica ) )
replicas = max( ceil( cores × 1/coresPerReplica ) , ceil( nodes × 1/nodesPerReplica ) )
```

<!--
Note that the values of both `coresPerReplica` and `nodesPerReplica` are
integers.
floats.
The idea is that when a cluster is using nodes that have many cores,
`coresPerReplica` dominates. When a cluster is using nodes that have fewer
Expand All @@ -254,7 +244,7 @@ cores, `nodesPerReplica` dominates.
There are other supported scaling patterns. For details, see
[cluster-proportional-autoscaler](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cluster-proportional-autoscaler).
-->
注意 `coresPerReplica` 和 `nodesPerReplica` 的值都是整数。
注意 `coresPerReplica` 和 `nodesPerReplica` 的值都是浮点数。

背后的思想是，当一个集群使用具有很多核心的节点时，由 `coresPerReplica` 来控制。
当一个集群使用具有较少核心的节点时，由 `nodesPerReplica` 来控制。
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -285,7 +275,9 @@ This option works for all situations. Enter this command:
kubectl scale deployment --replicas=0 dns-autoscaler --namespace=kube-system
```

<!-- The output is: -->
<!--
The output is:
-->
输出如下所示：

```
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -327,7 +319,9 @@ no one will re-create it:
kubectl delete deployment dns-autoscaler --namespace=kube-system
```

<!-- The output is:-->
<!--
The output is:
-->
输出内容如下所示：

```
Expand All @@ -341,6 +335,7 @@ This option works if dns-autoscaler is under control of the (deprecated)
[Addon Manager](https://git.k8s.io/kubernetes/cluster/addons/README.md),
and you have write access to the master node.
-->

### 选项 3：从主控节点删除 dns-autoscaler 清单文件

如果 dns-autoscaler 在[插件管理器](https://git.k8s.io/kubernetes/cluster/addons/README.md)
Expand Down

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