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+---
+title: 获取正在运行容器的 Shell
+content_type: task
+---
+
+<!-- overview -->
+
+<!--
+This page shows how to use `kubectl exec` to get a shell to a
+running Container.
+-->
+本文介绍怎样使用 `kubectl exec` 命令获取正在运行容器的 Shell。
+
+## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}}
+
+{{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} {{< version-check >}}
+
+<!-- steps -->
+
+<!--
+## Getting a shell to a Container
+-->
+
+## 获取容器的 Shell
+
+<!--
+In this exercise, you create a Pod that has one Container. The Container
+runs the nginx image. Here is the configuration file for the Pod:
+-->
+
+在本练习中，你将创建包含一个容器的 Pod。容器运行 nginx 镜像。下面是 Pod 的配置文件：
+
+{{< codenew file="application/shell-demo.yaml" >}}
+
+<!--
+Create the Pod:
+-->
+
+创建 Pod：
+
+```shell
+kubectl create -f https://k8s.io/examples/application/shell-demo.yaml
+```
+
+<!--
+Verify that the Container is running:
+-->
+
+检查容器是否运行正常：
+
+```shell
+kubectl get pod shell-demo
+```
+
+<!--
+Get a shell to the running Container:
+-->
+
+获取正在运行容器的 Shell：
+
+```shell
+kubectl exec -it shell-demo -- /bin/bash
+```
+{{< note >}}
+
+<!--
+The double dash symbol "--" is used to separate the arguments you want to pass to the command from the kubectl arguments.
+-->
+双破折号 "--" 用于将要传递给命令的参数与 kubectl 的参数分开。
+{{< /note >}}
+
+<!--
+In your shell, list the root directory:
+-->
+
+在 shell 中，打印根目录：
+
+```shell
+root@shell-demo:/# ls /
+```
+
+<!--
+In your shell, experiment with other commands. Here are
+some examples:
+-->
+
+在 shell 中，实验其他命令。下面是一些示例：
+
+```shell
+root@shell-demo:/# ls /
+root@shell-demo:/# cat /proc/mounts
+root@shell-demo:/# cat /proc/1/maps
+root@shell-demo:/# apt-get update
+root@shell-demo:/# apt-get install -y tcpdump
+root@shell-demo:/# tcpdump
+root@shell-demo:/# apt-get install -y lsof
+root@shell-demo:/# lsof
+root@shell-demo:/# apt-get install -y procps
+root@shell-demo:/# ps aux
+root@shell-demo:/# ps aux | grep nginx
+```
+
+<!--
+## Writing the root page for nginx
+-->
+
+## 编写 nginx 的根页面
+
+<!--
+Look again at the configuration file for your Pod. The Pod
+has an `emptyDir` volume, and the Container mounts the volume
+at `/usr/share/nginx/html`.
+-->
+
+在看一下 Pod 的配置文件。该 Pod 有个 `emptyDir` 卷，容器将该卷挂载到了 `/usr/share/nginx/html`。
+
+<!--
+In your shell, create an `index.html` file in the `/usr/share/nginx/html`
+directory:
+-->
+
+在 shell 中，在 `/usr/share/nginx/html` 目录创建一个 `index.html` 文件：
+
+```shell
+root@shell-demo:/# echo Hello shell demo > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
+```
+
+<!--
+In your shell, send a GET request to the nginx server:
+-->
+
+在 shell 中，向 nginx 服务器发送 GET 请求：
+
+```shell
+root@shell-demo:/# apt-get update
+root@shell-demo:/# apt-get install curl
+root@shell-demo:/# curl localhost
+```
+
+<!--
+The output shows the text that you wrote to the `index.html` file:
+-->
+
+输出结果显示了你在 `index.html` 中写入的文本。
+
+```shell
+Hello shell demo
+```
+
+<!--
+When you are finished with your shell, enter `exit`.
+-->
+
+当用完 shell 后，输入 `exit` 退出。
+
+<!--
+## Running individual commands in a Container
+-->
+
+## 在容器中运行单个命令
+
+<!--
+In an ordinary command window, not your shell, list the environment
+variables in the running Container:
+-->
+
+在普通的命令窗口（而不是 shell）中，打印环境运行容器中的变量：
+
+```shell
+kubectl exec shell-demo env
+```
+
+<!--
+Experiment running other commands. Here are some examples:
+-->
+
+实验运行其他命令。下面是一些示例：
+
+```shell
+kubectl exec shell-demo ps aux
+kubectl exec shell-demo ls /
+kubectl exec shell-demo cat /proc/1/mounts
+```
+
+<!-- discussion -->
+
+<!--
+## Opening a shell when a Pod has more than one Container
+-->
+
+## 当 Pod 包含多个容器时打开 shell
+
+<!--
+If a Pod has more than one Container, use `--container` or `-c` to
+specify a Container in the `kubectl exec` command. For example,
+suppose you have a Pod named my-pod, and the Pod has two containers
+named main-app and helper-app. The following command would open a
+shell to the main-app Container.
+-->
+
+如果 Pod 有多个容器，`--container` 或者 `-c` 可以在 `kubectl exec` 命令中指定容器。
+例如，您有个名为 my-pod 的容器，该 Pod 有两个容器分别为 main-app 和 healper-app。
+下面的命令将会打开一个 shell 访问 main-app 容器。
+
+```shell
+kubectl exec -it my-pod --container main-app -- /bin/bash
+```
+
+## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
+
+* [kubectl exec](/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands/#exec)