Merge bitcoin#459: Add pubkey prefix constants to include/secp256k1.h

bc61b91 add pubkey prefix constants to include/secp256k1.h (Andrew Poelstra)

Pull request description:

  In future multisig implementations we will need to pass nonces around, which are algebraically pubkeys but should not be decodable as pubkeys. The way to do this is to change the prefix byte from the ordinary 0x02/0x03 to something else. However, some forks (notably `secp256k1-zkp`) have started using some bytes for their own encodings, and if we continue to use hardcoded constants the risk of conflict is increased.

  This commit puts the prefixes used by the main library into the `include/secp256k1.h` so that the constants we're using will at least be in a standard easy-to-reference place.

Tree-SHA512: 37fa25be5074b7c519a9c69421320a62f32a3818f144254eb57f96c6657b993fc01962a5c670574275d1c59b095a6c89e60736123f032d6736907284eac526d7

include/secp256k1.h

@@ -159,6 +159,13 @@ typedef int (*secp256k1_nonce_function)(
 #define SECP256K1_EC_COMPRESSED (SECP256K1_FLAGS_TYPE_COMPRESSION | SECP256K1_FLAGS_BIT_COMPRESSION)
 #define SECP256K1_EC_UNCOMPRESSED (SECP256K1_FLAGS_TYPE_COMPRESSION)
 
+/** Prefix byte used to tag various encoded curvepoints for specific purposes */
+#define SECP256K1_TAG_PUBKEY_EVEN 0x02
+#define SECP256K1_TAG_PUBKEY_ODD 0x03
+#define SECP256K1_TAG_PUBKEY_UNCOMPRESSED 0x04
+#define SECP256K1_TAG_PUBKEY_HYBRID_EVEN 0x06
+#define SECP256K1_TAG_PUBKEY_HYBRID_ODD 0x07
+
 /** Create a secp256k1 context object.
  *
  *  Returns: a newly created context object.

src/eckey_impl.h

@@ -15,16 +15,17 @@
 #include "ecmult_gen.h"
 
 static int secp256k1_eckey_pubkey_parse(secp256k1_ge *elem, const unsigned char *pub, size_t size) {
-    if (size == 33 && (pub[0] == 0x02 || pub[0] == 0x03)) {
+    if (size == 33 && (pub[0] == SECP256K1_TAG_PUBKEY_EVEN || pub[0] == SECP256K1_TAG_PUBKEY_ODD)) {
         secp256k1_fe x;
-        return secp256k1_fe_set_b32(&x, pub+1) && secp256k1_ge_set_xo_var(elem, &x, pub[0] == 0x03);
+        return secp256k1_fe_set_b32(&x, pub+1) && secp256k1_ge_set_xo_var(elem, &x, pub[0] == SECP256K1_TAG_PUBKEY_ODD);
     } else if (size == 65 && (pub[0] == 0x04 || pub[0] == 0x06 || pub[0] == 0x07)) {
         secp256k1_fe x, y;
         if (!secp256k1_fe_set_b32(&x, pub+1) || !secp256k1_fe_set_b32(&y, pub+33)) {
             return 0;
         }
         secp256k1_ge_set_xy(elem, &x, &y);
-        if ((pub[0] == 0x06 || pub[0] == 0x07) && secp256k1_fe_is_odd(&y) != (pub[0] == 0x07)) {
+        if ((pub[0] == SECP256K1_TAG_PUBKEY_HYBRID_EVEN || pub[0] == SECP256K1_TAG_PUBKEY_HYBRID_ODD) &&
+            secp256k1_fe_is_odd(&y) != (pub[0] == SECP256K1_TAG_PUBKEY_HYBRID_ODD)) {
             return 0;
         }
         return secp256k1_ge_is_valid_var(elem);
@@ -42,10 +43,10 @@ static int secp256k1_eckey_pubkey_serialize(secp256k1_ge *elem, unsigned char *p
     secp256k1_fe_get_b32(&pub[1], &elem->x);
     if (compressed) {
         *size = 33;
-        pub[0] = 0x02 | (secp256k1_fe_is_odd(&elem->y) ? 0x01 : 0x00);
+        pub[0] = secp256k1_fe_is_odd(&elem->y) ? SECP256K1_TAG_PUBKEY_ODD : SECP256K1_TAG_PUBKEY_EVEN;
     } else {
         *size = 65;
-        pub[0] = 0x04;
+        pub[0] = SECP256K1_TAG_PUBKEY_UNCOMPRESSED;
         secp256k1_fe_get_b32(&pub[33], &elem->y);
     }
     return 1;