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Bengali

For the Bengali or Bangla language, the Harfbuzz renderer in luatex is recommended. Here is a minimal example:

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[bengali, provide=*]{babel}
\babelfont{rm}[Renderer=Harfbuzz]{FreeSerif}

\begin{document}

বাংলা ভাষা বিকাশের ইতিহাস ১৩০০ বছর পুরনো। চর্যাপদ এ ভাষার আদি নিদর্শন।

\end{document}

It works with xetex, too, with a similar output, but with this engine there is no need the set the renderer (it’s always Harfbuzz).

Counters

Although Bengali numerals are best entered directly in its original form, you may still need some conversion because LaTeX uses internally the Arabic ones. With luatex there are two ways to map Arabic to Bengali numerals, passed as option to \babelprovide:

  • maparabic does it at the TeX level, by redefining \arabic. Note form written to the auxiliary files is the converted one. It works with xetex, too.
  • mapdigits does it at the engine level. This is usually the preferred method.

To perform this conversión, use the following preamble:

\usepackage[bengali, provide=*]{babel}
\babelprovide[mapdigits]{bengali}  % or alternatively maparabic
\babelfont{rm}[Renderer=Harfbuzz]{FreeSerif}

There is an additional counter:

  • alphabetic ▸ ক খ গ ঘ ঙ চ ছ জ ঝ ঞ ট ঠ ড ঢ ণ ত থ দ ধ ন প ফ ব ভ

See the explanation in the babel manual about \localecounter and localenumeral.

Useful links