v2.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright 2018 New Vector Ltd
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

import heapq
import itertools
import logging
from typing import Dict, List, Optional

from six import iteritems, itervalues

from twisted.internet import defer

import synapse.state
from synapse import event_auth
from synapse.api.constants import EventTypes
from synapse.api.errors import AuthError
from synapse.api.room_versions import KNOWN_ROOM_VERSIONS
from synapse.events import EventBase
from synapse.types import StateMap

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


@defer.inlineCallbacks
def resolve_events_with_store(
    room_id: str,
    room_version: str,
    state_sets: List[StateMap[str]],
    event_map: Optional[Dict[str, EventBase]],
    state_res_store: "synapse.state.StateResolutionStore",
):
    """Resolves the state using the v2 state resolution algorithm

    Args:
        room_id: the room we are working in

        room_version: The room version

        state_sets: List of dicts of (type, state_key) -> event_id,
            which are the different state groups to resolve.

        event_map:
            a dict from event_id to event, for any events that we happen to
            have in flight (eg, those currently being persisted). This will be
            used as a starting point fof finding the state we need; any missing
            events will be requested via state_res_store.

            If None, all events will be fetched via state_res_store.

        state_res_store:

    Returns:
        Deferred[dict[(str, str), str]]:
            a map from (type, state_key) to event_id.
    """

    logger.debug("Computing conflicted state")

    # We use event_map as a cache, so if its None we need to initialize it
    if event_map is None:
        event_map = {}

    # First split up the un/conflicted state
    unconflicted_state, conflicted_state = _seperate(state_sets)

    if not conflicted_state:
        return unconflicted_state

    logger.debug("%d conflicted state entries", len(conflicted_state))
    logger.debug("Calculating auth chain difference")

    # Also fetch all auth events that appear in only some of the state sets'
    # auth chains.
    auth_diff = yield _get_auth_chain_difference(state_sets, event_map, state_res_store)

    full_conflicted_set = set(
        itertools.chain(
            itertools.chain.from_iterable(itervalues(conflicted_state)), auth_diff
        )
    )

    events = yield state_res_store.get_events(
        [eid for eid in full_conflicted_set if eid not in event_map],
        allow_rejected=True,
    )
    event_map.update(events)

    # everything in the event map should be in the right room
    for event in event_map.values():
        if event.room_id != room_id:
            raise Exception(
                "Attempting to state-resolve for room %s with event %s which is in %s"
                % (room_id, event.event_id, event.room_id,)
            )

    full_conflicted_set = {eid for eid in full_conflicted_set if eid in event_map}

    logger.debug("%d full_conflicted_set entries", len(full_conflicted_set))

    # Get and sort all the power events (kicks/bans/etc)
    power_events = (
        eid for eid in full_conflicted_set if _is_power_event(event_map[eid])
    )

    sorted_power_events = yield _reverse_topological_power_sort(
        room_id, power_events, event_map, state_res_store, full_conflicted_set
    )

    logger.debug("sorted %d power events", len(sorted_power_events))

    # Now sequentially auth each one
    resolved_state = yield _iterative_auth_checks(
        room_id,
        room_version,
        sorted_power_events,
        unconflicted_state,
        event_map,
        state_res_store,
    )

    logger.debug("resolved power events")

    # OK, so we've now resolved the power events. Now sort the remaining
    # events using the mainline of the resolved power level.

    leftover_events = [
        ev_id for ev_id in full_conflicted_set if ev_id not in sorted_power_events
    ]

    logger.debug("sorting %d remaining events", len(leftover_events))

    pl = resolved_state.get((EventTypes.PowerLevels, ""), None)
    leftover_events = yield _mainline_sort(
        room_id, leftover_events, pl, event_map, state_res_store
    )

    logger.debug("resolving remaining events")

    resolved_state = yield _iterative_auth_checks(
        room_id,
        room_version,
        leftover_events,
        resolved_state,
        event_map,
        state_res_store,
    )

    logger.debug("resolved")

    # We make sure that unconflicted state always still applies.
    resolved_state.update(unconflicted_state)

    logger.debug("done")

    return resolved_state


@defer.inlineCallbacks
def _get_power_level_for_sender(room_id, event_id, event_map, state_res_store):
    """Return the power level of the sender of the given event according to
    their auth events.

    Args:
        room_id (str)
        event_id (str)
        event_map (dict[str,FrozenEvent])
        state_res_store (StateResolutionStore)

    Returns:
        Deferred[int]
    """
    event = yield _get_event(room_id, event_id, event_map, state_res_store)

    pl = None
    for aid in event.auth_event_ids():
        aev = yield _get_event(
            room_id, aid, event_map, state_res_store, allow_none=True
        )
        if aev and (aev.type, aev.state_key) == (EventTypes.PowerLevels, ""):
            pl = aev
            break

    if pl is None:
        # Couldn't find power level. Check if they're the creator of the room
        for aid in event.auth_event_ids():
            aev = yield _get_event(
                room_id, aid, event_map, state_res_store, allow_none=True
            )
            if aev and (aev.type, aev.state_key) == (EventTypes.Create, ""):
                if aev.content.get("creator") == event.sender:
                    return 100
                break
        return 0

    level = pl.content.get("users", {}).get(event.sender)
    if level is None:
        level = pl.content.get("users_default", 0)

    if level is None:
        return 0
    else:
        return int(level)


@defer.inlineCallbacks
def _get_auth_chain_difference(state_sets, event_map, state_res_store):
    """Compare the auth chains of each state set and return the set of events
    that only appear in some but not all of the auth chains.

    Args:
        state_sets (list)
        event_map (dict[str,FrozenEvent])
        state_res_store (StateResolutionStore)

    Returns:
        Deferred[set[str]]: Set of event IDs
    """

    difference = yield state_res_store.get_auth_chain_difference(
        [set(state_set.values()) for state_set in state_sets]
    )

    return difference


def _seperate(state_sets):
    """Return the unconflicted and conflicted state. This is different than in
    the original algorithm, as this defines a key to be conflicted if one of
    the state sets doesn't have that key.

    Args:
        state_sets (list)

    Returns:
        tuple[dict, dict]: A tuple of unconflicted and conflicted state. The
        conflicted state dict is a map from type/state_key to set of event IDs
    """
    unconflicted_state = {}
    conflicted_state = {}

    for key in set(itertools.chain.from_iterable(state_sets)):
        event_ids = {state_set.get(key) for state_set in state_sets}
        if len(event_ids) == 1:
            unconflicted_state[key] = event_ids.pop()
        else:
            event_ids.discard(None)
            conflicted_state[key] = event_ids

    return unconflicted_state, conflicted_state


def _is_power_event(event):
    """Return whether or not the event is a "power event", as defined by the
    v2 state resolution algorithm

    Args:
        event (FrozenEvent)

    Returns:
        boolean
    """
    if (event.type, event.state_key) in (
        (EventTypes.PowerLevels, ""),
        (EventTypes.JoinRules, ""),
        (EventTypes.Create, ""),
    ):
        return True

    if event.type == EventTypes.Member:
        if event.membership in ("leave", "ban"):
            return event.sender != event.state_key

    return False


@defer.inlineCallbacks
def _add_event_and_auth_chain_to_graph(
    graph, room_id, event_id, event_map, state_res_store, auth_diff
):
    """Helper function for _reverse_topological_power_sort that add the event
    and its auth chain (that is in the auth diff) to the graph

    Args:
        graph (dict[str, set[str]]): A map from event ID to the events auth
            event IDs
        room_id (str): the room we are working in
        event_id (str): Event to add to the graph
        event_map (dict[str,FrozenEvent])
        state_res_store (StateResolutionStore)
        auth_diff (set[str]): Set of event IDs that are in the auth difference.
    """

    state = [event_id]
    while state:
        eid = state.pop()
        graph.setdefault(eid, set())

        event = yield _get_event(room_id, eid, event_map, state_res_store)
        for aid in event.auth_event_ids():
            if aid in auth_diff:
                if aid not in graph:
                    state.append(aid)

                graph.setdefault(eid, set()).add(aid)


@defer.inlineCallbacks
def _reverse_topological_power_sort(
    room_id, event_ids, event_map, state_res_store, auth_diff
):
    """Returns a list of the event_ids sorted by reverse topological ordering,
    and then by power level and origin_server_ts

    Args:
        room_id (str): the room we are working in
        event_ids (list[str]): The events to sort
        event_map (dict[str,FrozenEvent])
        state_res_store (StateResolutionStore)
        auth_diff (set[str]): Set of event IDs that are in the auth difference.

    Returns:
        Deferred[list[str]]: The sorted list
    """

    graph = {}
    for event_id in event_ids:
        yield _add_event_and_auth_chain_to_graph(
            graph, room_id, event_id, event_map, state_res_store, auth_diff
        )

    event_to_pl = {}
    for event_id in graph:
        pl = yield _get_power_level_for_sender(
            room_id, event_id, event_map, state_res_store
        )
        event_to_pl[event_id] = pl

    def _get_power_order(event_id):
        ev = event_map[event_id]
        pl = event_to_pl[event_id]

        return -pl, ev.origin_server_ts, event_id

    # Note: graph is modified during the sort
    it = lexicographical_topological_sort(graph, key=_get_power_order)
    sorted_events = list(it)

    return sorted_events


@defer.inlineCallbacks
def _iterative_auth_checks(
    room_id, room_version, event_ids, base_state, event_map, state_res_store
):
    """Sequentially apply auth checks to each event in given list, updating the
    state as it goes along.

    Args:
        room_id (str)
        room_version (str)
        event_ids (list[str]): Ordered list of events to apply auth checks to
        base_state (StateMap[str]): The set of state to start with
        event_map (dict[str,FrozenEvent])
        state_res_store (StateResolutionStore)

    Returns:
        Deferred[StateMap[str]]: Returns the final updated state
    """
    resolved_state = base_state.copy()
    room_version_obj = KNOWN_ROOM_VERSIONS[room_version]

    for event_id in event_ids:
        event = event_map[event_id]

        auth_events = {}
        for aid in event.auth_event_ids():
            ev = yield _get_event(
                room_id, aid, event_map, state_res_store, allow_none=True
            )

            if not ev:
                logger.warning(
                    "auth_event id %s for event %s is missing", aid, event_id
                )
            else:
                if ev.rejected_reason is None:
                    auth_events[(ev.type, ev.state_key)] = ev

        for key in event_auth.auth_types_for_event(event):
            if key in resolved_state:
                ev_id = resolved_state[key]
                ev = yield _get_event(room_id, ev_id, event_map, state_res_store)

                if ev.rejected_reason is None:
                    auth_events[key] = event_map[ev_id]

        try:
            event_auth.check(
                room_version_obj,
                event,
                auth_events,
                do_sig_check=False,
                do_size_check=False,
            )

            resolved_state[(event.type, event.state_key)] = event_id
        except AuthError:
            pass

    return resolved_state


@defer.inlineCallbacks
def _mainline_sort(
    room_id, event_ids, resolved_power_event_id, event_map, state_res_store
):
    """Returns a sorted list of event_ids sorted by mainline ordering based on
    the given event resolved_power_event_id

    Args:
        room_id (str): room we're working in
        event_ids (list[str]): Events to sort
        resolved_power_event_id (str): The final resolved power level event ID
        event_map (dict[str,FrozenEvent])
        state_res_store (StateResolutionStore)

    Returns:
        Deferred[list[str]]: The sorted list
    """
    mainline = []
    pl = resolved_power_event_id
    while pl:
        mainline.append(pl)
        pl_ev = yield _get_event(room_id, pl, event_map, state_res_store)
        auth_events = pl_ev.auth_event_ids()
        pl = None
        for aid in auth_events:
            ev = yield _get_event(
                room_id, aid, event_map, state_res_store, allow_none=True
            )
            if ev and (ev.type, ev.state_key) == (EventTypes.PowerLevels, ""):
                pl = aid
                break

    mainline_map = {ev_id: i + 1 for i, ev_id in enumerate(reversed(mainline))}

    event_ids = list(event_ids)

    order_map = {}
    for ev_id in event_ids:
        depth = yield _get_mainline_depth_for_event(
            event_map[ev_id], mainline_map, event_map, state_res_store
        )
        order_map[ev_id] = (depth, event_map[ev_id].origin_server_ts, ev_id)

    event_ids.sort(key=lambda ev_id: order_map[ev_id])

    return event_ids


@defer.inlineCallbacks
def _get_mainline_depth_for_event(event, mainline_map, event_map, state_res_store):
    """Get the mainline depths for the given event based on the mainline map

    Args:
        event (FrozenEvent)
        mainline_map (dict[str, int]): Map from event_id to mainline depth for
            events in the mainline.
        event_map (dict[str,FrozenEvent])
        state_res_store (StateResolutionStore)

    Returns:
        Deferred[int]
    """

    room_id = event.room_id

    # We do an iterative search, replacing `event with the power level in its
    # auth events (if any)
    while event:
        depth = mainline_map.get(event.event_id)
        if depth is not None:
            return depth

        auth_events = event.auth_event_ids()
        event = None

        for aid in auth_events:
            aev = yield _get_event(
                room_id, aid, event_map, state_res_store, allow_none=True
            )
            if aev and (aev.type, aev.state_key) == (EventTypes.PowerLevels, ""):
                event = aev
                break

    # Didn't find a power level auth event, so we just return 0
    return 0


@defer.inlineCallbacks
def _get_event(room_id, event_id, event_map, state_res_store, allow_none=False):
    """Helper function to look up event in event_map, falling back to looking
    it up in the store

    Args:
        room_id (str)
        event_id (str)
        event_map (dict[str,FrozenEvent])
        state_res_store (StateResolutionStore)
        allow_none (bool): if the event is not found, return None rather than raising
            an exception

    Returns:
        Deferred[Optional[FrozenEvent]]
    """
    if event_id not in event_map:
        events = yield state_res_store.get_events([event_id], allow_rejected=True)
        event_map.update(events)
    event = event_map.get(event_id)

    if event is None:
        if allow_none:
            return None
        raise Exception("Unknown event %s" % (event_id,))

    if event.room_id != room_id:
        raise Exception(
            "In state res for room %s, event %s is in %s"
            % (room_id, event_id, event.room_id)
        )
    return event


def lexicographical_topological_sort(graph, key):
    """Performs a lexicographic reverse topological sort on the graph.

    This returns a reverse topological sort (i.e. if node A references B then B
    appears before A in the sort), with ties broken lexicographically based on
    return value of the `key` function.

    NOTE: `graph` is modified during the sort.

    Args:
        graph (dict[str, set[str]]): A representation of the graph where each
            node is a key in the dict and its value are the nodes edges.
        key (func): A function that takes a node and returns a value that is
            comparable and used to order nodes

    Yields:
        str: The next node in the topological sort
    """

    # Note, this is basically Kahn's algorithm except we look at nodes with no
    # outgoing edges, c.f.
    # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological_sorting#Kahn's_algorithm
    outdegree_map = graph
    reverse_graph = {}

    # Lists of nodes with zero out degree. Is actually a tuple of
    # `(key(node), node)` so that sorting does the right thing
    zero_outdegree = []

    for node, edges in iteritems(graph):
        if len(edges) == 0:
            zero_outdegree.append((key(node), node))

        reverse_graph.setdefault(node, set())
        for edge in edges:
            reverse_graph.setdefault(edge, set()).add(node)

    # heapq is a built in implementation of a sorted queue.
    heapq.heapify(zero_outdegree)

    while zero_outdegree:
        _, node = heapq.heappop(zero_outdegree)

        for parent in reverse_graph[node]:
            out = outdegree_map[parent]
            out.discard(node)
            if len(out) == 0:
                heapq.heappush(zero_outdegree, (key(parent), parent))

        yield node