Change faces alias to be a base that can be modified

Using <fg>,<bg>+<attr>@<base> will apply the given fg color,
bg color and attributes on top of base dynamically. Simply giving
<base> is a shorthand for default,default@<base>.

Inspired by the discussion in #2862

doc/pages/faces.asciidoc

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ A 'face' refers how the specified text is displayed, it has a foreground
 color, a background color, and some attributes. The value of a face has the
 following format:
 
---------------------------------
-fg_color[,bg_color][+attributes]
---------------------------------
+---------------------------------------
+fg_color[,bg_color][+attributes][@base]
+---------------------------------------
 
 'fg_color', 'bg_color'::
     a color whose value can be expressed in the following formats:
@@ -49,6 +49,11 @@ fg_color[,bg_color][+attributes]
             final attributes, as final but only applies to face's
             attributes
 
+'base'::
+    The base face on which this face applies, which can be any face name,
+    as long as a cycle is not introduced. A face can reference itself, in
+    which case it will apply on top of the parent scope version.
+
 == Builtin faces
 
 The following default faces are used by color schemes to highlight certain

src/face_registry.cc

@@ -7,43 +7,51 @@
 namespace Kakoune
 {
 
-static Face parse_face(StringView facedesc)
+static FaceRegistry::FaceSpec parse_face(StringView facedesc)
 {
-    constexpr StringView invalid_face_error = "invalid face description, expected <fg>[,<bg>][+<attr>]";
+    constexpr StringView invalid_face_error = "invalid face description, expected <fg>[,<bg>][+<attr>][@base] or just [base]";
+    if (all_of(facedesc, [](char c){ return is_word(c); }) and not is_color_name(facedesc))
+        return {Face{}, facedesc.str()};
+
     auto bg_it = find(facedesc, ',');
     auto attr_it = find(facedesc, '+');
+    auto base_it = find(facedesc, '@');
     if (bg_it != facedesc.end()
         and (attr_it < bg_it or (bg_it + 1) == facedesc.end()))
         throw runtime_error(invalid_face_error.str());
     if (attr_it != facedesc.end()
         and (attr_it + 1) == facedesc.end())
         throw runtime_error(invalid_face_error.str());
-    Face res;
-    res.fg = attr_it != facedesc.begin() ?
+
+    FaceRegistry::FaceSpec spec;
+    auto& face = spec.face;
+    face.fg = attr_it != facedesc.begin() ?
         str_to_color({facedesc.begin(), std::min(attr_it, bg_it)}) : Color::Default;
     if (bg_it != facedesc.end())
-        res.bg = bg_it+1 != attr_it ? str_to_color({bg_it+1, attr_it}) : Color::Default;
+        face.bg = bg_it+1 != attr_it ? str_to_color({bg_it+1, attr_it}) : Color::Default;
     if (attr_it != facedesc.end())
     {
-        for (++attr_it; attr_it != facedesc.end(); ++attr_it)
+        for (++attr_it; attr_it != base_it; ++attr_it)
         {
             switch (*attr_it)
             {
-                case 'u': res.attributes |= Attribute::Underline; break;
-                case 'r': res.attributes |= Attribute::Reverse; break;
-                case 'b': res.attributes |= Attribute::Bold; break;
-                case 'B': res.attributes |= Attribute::Blink; break;
-                case 'd': res.attributes |= Attribute::Dim; break;
-                case 'i': res.attributes |= Attribute::Italic; break;
-                case 'f': res.attributes |= Attribute::FinalFg; break;
-                case 'g': res.attributes |= Attribute::FinalBg; break;
-                case 'a': res.attributes |= Attribute::FinalAttr; break;
-                case 'F': res.attributes |= Attribute::Final; break;
+                case 'u': face.attributes |= Attribute::Underline; break;
+                case 'r': face.attributes |= Attribute::Reverse; break;
+                case 'b': face.attributes |= Attribute::Bold; break;
+                case 'B': face.attributes |= Attribute::Blink; break;
+                case 'd': face.attributes |= Attribute::Dim; break;
+                case 'i': face.attributes |= Attribute::Italic; break;
+                case 'f': face.attributes |= Attribute::FinalFg; break;
+                case 'g': face.attributes |= Attribute::FinalBg; break;
+                case 'a': face.attributes |= Attribute::FinalAttr; break;
+                case 'F': face.attributes |= Attribute::Final; break;
                 default: throw runtime_error(format("no such face attribute: '{}'", StringView{*attr_it}));
             }
         }
     }
-    return res;
+    if (base_it != facedesc.end())
+        spec.base = String{base_it+1, facedesc.end()};
+    return spec;
 }
 
 String to_string(Attribute attributes)
@@ -79,16 +87,33 @@ String to_string(Face face)
 
 Face FaceRegistry::operator[](StringView facedesc) const
 {
-    auto it = m_faces.find(facedesc);
-    if (it != m_faces.end())
+    return resolve_spec(parse_face(facedesc));
+}
+
+Face FaceRegistry::resolve_spec(const FaceSpec& spec) const
+{
+    if (spec.base.empty())
+        return spec.face;
+
+    StringView base = spec.base;
+    Face face = spec.face;
+    for (auto* reg = this; reg != nullptr; reg = reg->m_parent.get())
     {
-        if (it->value.alias.empty())
-            return it->value.face;
-        return operator[](it->value.alias);
+        auto it = reg->m_faces.find(base);
+        if (it == reg->m_faces.end())
+            continue;
+
+        if (it->value.base.empty())
+            return merge_faces(it->value.face, face);
+        if (it->value.base != it->key)
+            return merge_faces(reg->resolve_spec(it->value), face);
+        else
+        {
+            face = merge_faces(it->value.face, face);
+            base = it->value.base;
+        }
     }
-    if (m_parent)
-        return (*m_parent)[facedesc];
-    return parse_face(facedesc);
+    return face;
 }
 
 void FaceRegistry::add_face(StringView name, StringView facedesc, bool override)
@@ -97,33 +122,25 @@ void FaceRegistry::add_face(StringView name, StringView facedesc, bool override)
         throw runtime_error(format("face '{}' already defined", name));
 
     if (name.empty() or is_color_name(name) or
-        std::any_of(name.begin(), name.end(),
-                    [](char c){ return not is_word(c); }))
+        any_of(name, [](char c){ return not is_word(c); }))
         throw runtime_error(format("invalid face name: '{}'", name));
 
-    if (name == facedesc)
-        throw runtime_error(format("cannot alias face '{}' to itself", name));
-
-    for (auto it = m_faces.find(facedesc);
-         it != m_faces.end() and not it->value.alias.empty();
-         it = m_faces.find(it->value.alias))
+    FaceSpec spec = parse_face(facedesc);
+    auto it = m_faces.find(spec.base);
+    if (spec.base == name and it != m_faces.end())
     {
-        if (it->value.alias == name)
-            throw runtime_error("face cycle detected");
+        it->value.face = merge_faces(it->value.face, spec.face);
+        it->value.base = spec.base;
+        return;
     }
 
-    FaceOrAlias& face = m_faces[name];
-
-    for (auto* registry = this; registry != nullptr; registry = registry->m_parent.get())
+    while (it != m_faces.end() and not it->value.base.empty())
     {
-        if (not registry->m_faces.contains(facedesc))
-            continue;
-        face.alias = facedesc.str(); // This is referencing another face
-        return;
+        if (it->value.base == name)
+            throw runtime_error("face cycle detected");
+        it = m_faces.find(it->value.base);
     }
-
-    face.alias = "";
-    face.face = parse_face(facedesc);
+    m_faces[name] = std::move(spec);
 }
 
 void FaceRegistry::remove_face(StringView name)

src/face_registry.hh

@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ public:
     void add_face(StringView name, StringView facedesc, bool override = false);
     void remove_face(StringView name);
 
-    struct FaceOrAlias
+    struct FaceSpec
     {
         Face face = {};
-        String alias = {};
+        String base = {};
     };
-    using FaceMap = HashMap<String, FaceOrAlias, MemoryDomain::Faces>;
+    using FaceMap = HashMap<String, FaceSpec, MemoryDomain::Faces>;
 
     auto flatten_faces() const
     {
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@ public:
     }
 
 private:
+    Face resolve_spec(const FaceSpec& spec) const;
+
     friend class Scope;
     FaceRegistry();
 

src/window.cc

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ static uint32_t compute_faces_hash(const FaceRegistry& faces)
 {
     uint32_t hash = 0;
     for (auto&& face : faces.flatten_faces() | transform(&FaceRegistry::FaceMap::Item::value))
-        hash = combine_hash(hash, face.alias.empty() ? hash_value(face.face) : hash_value(face.alias));
+        hash = combine_hash(hash, face.base.empty() ? hash_value(face.face) : hash_value(face.base));
     return hash;
 }
 

test/highlight/face-override/cmd

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+

test/highlight/face-override/in

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo

test/highlight/face-override/rc

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+face global Foo default,blue+i
+face buffer Foo red,default+u@Foo
+add-highlighter window/ regex foo 0:Foo

test/highlight/face-override/ui-out

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "set_ui_options", "params": [{}] }
+{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "draw", "params": [[[{ "face": { "fg": "black", "bg": "white", "attributes": ["underline","italic"] }, "contents": "f" }, { "face": { "fg": "red", "bg": "blue", "attributes": ["underline","italic"] }, "contents": "oo" }, { "face": { "fg": "default", "bg": "default", "attributes": [] }, "contents": "\u000a" }]], { "fg": "default", "bg": "default", "attributes": [] }, { "fg": "blue", "bg": "default", "attributes": [] }] }
+{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "menu_hide", "params": [] }
+{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "info_hide", "params": [] }
+{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "draw_status", "params": [[], [{ "face": { "fg": "default", "bg": "default", "attributes": [] }, "contents": "out 1:1 " }, { "face": { "fg": "black", "bg": "yellow", "attributes": [] }, "contents": "" }, { "face": { "fg": "default", "bg": "default", "attributes": [] }, "contents": " " }, { "face": { "fg": "blue", "bg": "default", "attributes": [] }, "contents": "1 sel" }, { "face": { "fg": "default", "bg": "default", "attributes": [] }, "contents": " - client0@[kak-tests]" }], { "fg": "cyan", "bg": "default", "attributes": [] }] }
+{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "set_cursor", "params": ["buffer", { "line": 0, "column": 0 }] }
+{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "refresh", "params": [true] }