[Epic] Sync column index information

[qnkhuat]

Links

• product doc: https://www.notion.so/metabase/Ingest-metadata-about-indexes-index-distribution-keys-etc-6c72d1f631c942e29eef292873e57d1e
• eng doc: https://www.notion.so/metabase/Sync-db-indexes-ae13269005934e99837c77fe355ec9ab?pvs=4
• feature branch: branch-name this should be the feature branch where this work will be done in. PRs will be delivered against this branch
• issue links: Sync column index, partition, clustering information #28382 (comment)
• database tiers list: https://www.notion.so/metabase/Database-Tiers-for-Feature-Development-fabba4d2bbfb4c729029f5e77d585f61

Implementation Plan

Milestone 1 Sync indexes for Postgres, H2, Mysql

• Migration to add metabase_field.is_indexed
• Sync step to sync index information

PR: #36462

Milestone 2 Sync for mongo

• Mongo

PR: #36624

Milestone 3 Sync for tier 4 databases that support indexing (optional)
(None of the drivers in tier 3 supports indexing)

• SQL Server
• Sqlite

PR: #36665

For reference, this is a matrix of which driver supports indexing / partitioning / clustering

Engine	Storage type	Indexing	Partitioning	Clustering
Postgres	Row	✅	✅	✅
MySQL	Row	✅	✅	❌
BigQuery	Column	❌	✅	✅
Presto	Row	❌	✅	❌
Redshift	Column	❌	✅	✅
Snowflake	Column	❌	❌	✅
Mongo	Document	✅	❌	❌
Vertica	Column	❌	✅	✅
SparkSQL	Column	❌	✅	❌
Athena	Column	❌	✅	❌
Druid	Column	❌	✅	✅
Oracle	Row	✅	✅	✅
SQLServer	Row	✅	✅	✅
SQLite	Row	✅	❌	❌