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installation-guide.html
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<HTML><HEAD>
<TITLE>Haskell Mode for Emacs: Installation Guide</TITLE>
</HEAD><BODY>
<H1>Haskell Mode for Emacs: Installation Guide</H1>
<P>When Emacs is started up, it normally runs an file called
<CODE>.emacs</CODE> located in your home directory. This file should
contain all of your personal customisations written as a series of
Elisp commands. In order to install the Haskell mode, you have to
tell Emacs where to find it. This is done by adding some commands to
the init file.</P>
<H2>Installation</H2>
<UL>
<LI><P>If you are using XEmacs, the haskell-mode package should be
available for installation through the XEmacs package UI.</P></LI>
<LI><P>If you are using Debian, you can install the package haskell-mode with
a command like "apt-get install haskell-mode".</P></LI>
</UL>
<P>Otherwise:</P>
<UL>
<LI><P>Download the and unpack the basic mode and modules into a
suitable directory, e.g. <CODE>~/lib/emacs</CODE> where <CODE>~</CODE>
stands for your home directory.</P>
<LI><P>Assuming you have placed the basic mode
<CODE>haskell-mode.el</CODE> and the modules you want to use in the
directory <CODE>~/lib/emacs</CODE>, add the following commands to your
init file (<CODE>~/.emacs</CODE>):</P>
<PRE>
(setq load-path (cons "~/lib/emacs" load-path))
(setq auto-mode-alist
(append auto-mode-alist
'(("\\.[hg]s$" . haskell-mode)
("\\.hi$" . haskell-mode)
("\\.l[hg]s$" . literate-haskell-mode))))
(autoload 'haskell-mode "haskell-mode"
"Major mode for editing Haskell scripts." t)
(autoload 'literate-haskell-mode "haskell-mode"
"Major mode for editing literate Haskell scripts." t)
</PRE>
<P>adding the following lines according to which modules you want to
use:</P>
<PRE>
(add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-font-lock)
(add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-decl-scan)
(add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-doc-mode)
(add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-indent)
(add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-simple-indent)
(add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-hugs)
(add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-ghci)
</PRE>
<P>Note that the two indentation modules are mutually exclusive - add
at most one. You can download the above <A HREF=".emacs">code</A>.
Note that the line of code for simple indentation is commented out
(using a preceeding <CODE>;</CODE>) in preference for the more
advanced indentation module. Installation is now complete!</P>
</UL>
<P>For those interested, each command above shall now be
explained.</P>
<OL>
<LI><P>We must ensure that the directory containing
<CODE>haskell-mode.el</CODE> is on the <CODE>load-path</CODE> of
Emacs. You can examine the value of the <CODE>load-path</CODE> by
typing <CODE>C-h v load-path</CODE> in an Emacs session. Supposing
that you've placed <CODE>haskell-mode.el</CODE> in the directory
<CODE>~/lib/emacs</CODE>, if this directory is not on the
<CODE>load-path</CODE> we add it with:</P>
<PRE>(setq load-path (cons "~/lib/emacs" load-path))</PRE>
<P>The function <CODE>setq</CODE> sets the value of a variable, and the
function <CODE>cons</CODE> takes an element and a list and creates a
new list with the former as head and the latter as tail, as in
Haskell.</P>
<LI><P>It is possible (and desirable) for Emacs to enter a specific
mode according to the name of the file being edited/visited. The
variable <CODE>auto-mode-alist</CODE> tells Emacs what mode to run
according to which regular expression matches the filename. We wish
to run the Haskell mode on all files ending in <CODE>.hs</CODE>,
<CODE>.hi</CODE> (interface file) and <CODE>.gs</CODE> (Gofer file),
and to run the Haskell mode for literate scripts on all files ending
in <CODE>.lhs</CODE> and <CODE>.lgs</CODE>. To do this, we need to
add pairs of the form <CODE>(<EM>regexp</EM>
. <EM>mode-function</EM>)</CODE>. We use the function
<CODE>append</CODE> to append a list of three such pairs to the end of
the value of <CODE>auto-mode-alist</CODE>. A list in Elisp is written
within round parantheses with elements separated by whitespace. A
list is treated as a function application unless it is quoted with
<CODE>'</CODE>, which is what we do.</P>
<LI><P>In order for Emacs to know where to find the definition of our
mode functions, <CODE>haskell-mode</CODE> and
<CODE>literate-haskell-mode</CODE>, we must use the function
<CODE>autoload</CODE>. Both mode functions can be found in the file
<CODE>haskell-mode.el</CODE> which was downloaded in the first
installation step (the <CODE>.el</CODE> extension is left off and
assumed by Emacs). As we have already ensured that this file is on
the <CODE>load-path</CODE> we need only give the filename and not the
directory. Its use is quite straightforward but for further
information, see its documentation by entering <CODE>C-h f
autoload</CODE> in an Emacs session.</P>
<LI><P>Each function <CODE>turn-on-haskell-<EM>module</EM></CODE>
turns on the corresponding module. Adding such a function as a hook
to the Haskell mode will turn on that module when the mode is used.
Note that each of these modules may slow down Emacs, especially for
large files.</P>
</OL>
<H2>Customisation</H2>
<P>Most customisations are on the functionality of a particular
module. See the documentation of that module for information on its
customisation.</P>
<H2>Support</H2>
<P>Any problems, do <A HREF=mailto:simonmar@microsoft.com>mail</A> and we will
try our best to help you!</P>
<P><A HREF="./"><EM>Haskell Mode Home Page</EM></A>.</P>