Async circuit, pt. 3 - contract methods

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -19,17 +19,20 @@ This project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.htm
 
 ### Breaking changes
 
+- **Async circuits**. Require all smart contract and zkprogram methods to be async https://github.com/o1-labs/o1js/pull/1477
+  - This change allows you to use `await` inside your methods. Change the method signature by adding the `async` keyword.
+  - Don't forget to add `await` to all contract calls! `await MyContract.myMethod();`
+  - To declare a return value from a method, use the new `@method.returns()` decorator
 - Require the callback to `Mina.transaction()` to be async https://github.com/o1-labs/o1js/pull/1468
-  - This change was done in support to support async contract methods
 - Change `{SmartContract,ZkProgram}.analyzeMethods()` to be async https://github.com/o1-labs/o1js/pull/1450
   - `Provable.runAndCheck()`, `Provable.constraintSystem()` and `{SmartContract,ZkProgram}.digest()` are also async now
-  - These changes were made to add internal support for async circuits
   - `Provable.runAndCheckSync()` added and immediately deprecated for a smoother upgrade path for tests
 - `Reducer.reduce()` requires the maximum number of actions per method as an explicit (optional) argument https://github.com/o1-labs/o1js/pull/1450
   - The default value is 1 and should work for most existing contracts
 
 ### Added
 
+- `Provable.witnessAsync()` to introduce provable values from an async callback https://github.com/o1-labs/o1js/pull/1468
 - Internal benchmarking tooling to keep track of performance https://github.com/o1-labs/o1js/pull/1481
 - Add `toInput` method for `Group` instance https://github.com/o1-labs/o1js/pull/1483
 
@@ -50,7 +53,6 @@ This project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.htm
 
 ### Added
 
-- `Provable.witnessAsync()` to introduce provable values from an async callback https://github.com/o1-labs/o1js/pull/1468
 - Support for custom network identifiers other than `mainnet` or `testnet` https://github.com/o1-labs/o1js/pull/1444
 - `PrivateKey.randomKeypair()` to generate private and public key in one command https://github.com/o1-labs/o1js/pull/1446
 - `setNumberOfWorkers()` to allow developer to override the number of workers used during compilation and proof generation/verification https://github.com/o1-labs/o1js/pull/1456

src/examples/benchmarks/mul-web.ts

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ function picklesCircuit(nMuls: number) {
     methods: {
       run: {
         privateInputs: [],
-        method() {
+        async method() {
           main(nMuls);
         },
       },

src/examples/benchmarks/mul.ts

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ function picklesCircuit(nMuls: number) {
     methods: {
       run: {
         privateInputs: [],
-        method() {
+        async method() {
           main(nMuls);
         },
       },

src/examples/circuit-string.ts

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import * as assert from 'assert/strict';
 
 // circuit which tests a couple of string features
 class MyContract extends SmartContract {
-  @method checkString(s: CircuitString) {
+  @method async checkString(s: CircuitString) {
     let sWithExclamation = s.append(CircuitString.fromString('!'));
     sWithExclamation
       .equals(CircuitString.fromString('a string!'))
@@ -26,21 +26,21 @@ console.log('compile...');
 await MyContract.compile();
 // should work
 console.log('prove...');
-let tx = await Mina.transaction(async () => {
-  new MyContract(address).checkString(CircuitString.fromString('a string'));
-});
+let tx = await Mina.transaction(() =>
+  new MyContract(address).checkString(CircuitString.fromString('a string'))
+);
 await tx.prove();
 console.log('test 1 - ok');
 // should work
-tx = await Mina.transaction(async () => {
-  new MyContract(address).checkString(CircuitString.fromString('some string'));
-});
+tx = await Mina.transaction(() =>
+  new MyContract(address).checkString(CircuitString.fromString('some string'))
+);
 await tx.prove();
 console.log('test 2 - ok');
 // should fail
-let fails = await Mina.transaction(async () => {
-  new MyContract(address).checkString(CircuitString.fromString('different'));
-})
+let fails = await Mina.transaction(() =>
+  new MyContract(address).checkString(CircuitString.fromString('different'))
+)
   .then(() => false)
   .catch(() => true);
 if (!fails) Error('proof was supposed to fail');

src/examples/commonjs.cjs

@@ -25,12 +25,11 @@ class SimpleZkapp extends SmartContract {
     this.x.set(initialState);
   }
 
-  update(y) {
+  async update(y) {
     this.emitEvent('update', y);
     this.emitEvent('update', y);
-    this.account.balance.assertEquals(this.account.balance.get());
-    let x = this.x.get();
-    this.x.assertEquals(x);
+    this.account.balance.requireEquals(this.account.balance.get());
+    let x = this.x.getAndRequireEquals();
     this.x.set(x.add(y));
   }
 }
@@ -58,14 +57,14 @@ async function main() {
   console.log('deploy');
   let tx = await Mina.transaction(feePayer, async () => {
     AccountUpdate.fundNewAccount(feePayer);
-    zkapp.deploy();
+    await zkapp.deploy();
   });
   await tx.sign([feePayerKey, zkappKey]).send();
 
   console.log('initial state: ' + zkapp.x.get());
 
   console.log('update');
-  tx = await Mina.transaction(feePayer, async () => zkapp.update(Field(3)));
+  tx = await Mina.transaction(feePayer, () => zkapp.update(Field(3)));
   await tx.prove();
   await tx.sign([feePayerKey]).send();
   console.log('final state: ' + zkapp.x.get());

src/examples/crypto/ecdsa/ecdsa.ts

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ const keccakAndEcdsa = ZkProgram({
   methods: {
     verifyEcdsa: {
       privateInputs: [Ecdsa.provable, Secp256k1.provable],
-      method(message: Bytes32, signature: Ecdsa, publicKey: Secp256k1) {
+      async method(message: Bytes32, signature: Ecdsa, publicKey: Secp256k1) {
         return signature.verify(message, publicKey);
       },
     },
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ const ecdsa = ZkProgram({
   methods: {
     verifySignedHash: {
       privateInputs: [Ecdsa.provable, Secp256k1.provable],
-      method(message: Scalar, signature: Ecdsa, publicKey: Secp256k1) {
+      async method(message: Scalar, signature: Ecdsa, publicKey: Secp256k1) {
         return signature.verifySignedHash(message, publicKey);
       },
     },

src/examples/crypto/foreign-field.ts

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class AlmostSmallField extends SmallField.AlmostReduced {}
 class MyContract extends SmartContract {
   @state(AlmostSmallField.provable) x = State<AlmostSmallField>();
 
-  @method myMethod(y: AlmostSmallField) {
+  @method async myMethod(y: AlmostSmallField) {
     let x = y.mul(2);
     Provable.log(x);
     this.x.set(x.assertAlmostReduced());

src/examples/crypto/sha256/sha256.ts

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ let SHA256Program = ZkProgram({
   methods: {
     sha256: {
       privateInputs: [Bytes12.provable],
-      method(xs: Bytes12) {
+      async method(xs: Bytes12) {
         return Gadgets.SHA256.hash(xs);
       },
     },

src/examples/internals/advanced-provable-types.ts

@@ -140,10 +140,10 @@ console.log(
  *
  * This is why we have this custom way of witnessing account updates, with the `skipCheck` option.
  */
-result = await Provable.constraintSystem(() => {
-  let { accountUpdate: accountUpdateWitness } = AccountUpdate.witness(
+result = await Provable.constraintSystem(async () => {
+  let { accountUpdate: accountUpdateWitness } = await AccountUpdate.witness(
     Empty,
-    () => ({ accountUpdate, result: undefined }),
+    async () => ({ accountUpdate, result: undefined }),
     { skipCheck: true }
   );
   Provable.assertEqual(AccountUpdate, accountUpdateWitness, accountUpdate);
@@ -156,10 +156,10 @@ console.log(
  * To relate an account update to the hash which is the public input, we need to perform the hash in-circuit.
  * This is takes several 100 constraints, and is basically the minimal size of a zkApp method.
  */
-result = await Provable.constraintSystem(() => {
-  let { accountUpdate: accountUpdateWitness } = AccountUpdate.witness(
+result = await Provable.constraintSystem(async () => {
+  let { accountUpdate: accountUpdateWitness } = await AccountUpdate.witness(
     Empty,
-    () => ({ accountUpdate, result: undefined }),
+    async () => ({ accountUpdate, result: undefined }),
     { skipCheck: true }
   );
   accountUpdateWitness.hash();

src/examples/nullifier.ts

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class PayoutOnlyOnce extends SmartContract {
   @state(Field) nullifierRoot = State<Field>();
   @state(Field) nullifierMessage = State<Field>();
 
-  @method payout(nullifier: Nullifier) {
+  @method async payout(nullifier: Nullifier) {
     let nullifierRoot = this.nullifierRoot.getAndRequireEquals();
     let nullifierMessage = this.nullifierMessage.getAndRequireEquals();
 
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ console.log('deploy');
 let tx = await Mina.transaction(sender, async () => {
   let senderUpdate = AccountUpdate.fundNewAccount(sender);
   senderUpdate.send({ to: zkappAddress, amount: initialBalance });
-  zkapp.deploy({ zkappKey });
+  await zkapp.deploy({ zkappKey });
 
   zkapp.nullifierRoot.set(NullifierTree.getRoot());
   zkapp.nullifierMessage.set(nullifierMessage);
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ console.log(jsonNullifier);
 console.log('pay out');
 tx = await Mina.transaction(sender, async () => {
   AccountUpdate.fundNewAccount(sender);
-  zkapp.payout(Nullifier.fromJSON(jsonNullifier));
+  await zkapp.payout(Nullifier.fromJSON(jsonNullifier));
 });
 await tx.prove();
 await tx.sign([senderKey]).send();
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ console.log('trying second pay out');
 
 try {
   tx = await Mina.transaction(sender, async () => {
-    zkapp.payout(Nullifier.fromJSON(jsonNullifier));
+    await zkapp.payout(Nullifier.fromJSON(jsonNullifier));
   });
 
   await tx.prove();

src/examples/simple-zkapp-berkeley.ts

@@ -16,14 +16,9 @@ import {
   SmartContract,
   Mina,
   AccountUpdate,
-  isReady,
-  shutdown,
-  DeployArgs,
   fetchAccount,
 } from 'o1js';
 
-await isReady;
-
 // a very simple SmartContract
 class SimpleZkapp extends SmartContract {
   @state(Field) x = State<Field>();
@@ -33,9 +28,8 @@ class SimpleZkapp extends SmartContract {
     this.x.set(initialState);
   }
 
-  @method update(y: Field) {
-    let x = this.x.get();
-    this.x.assertEquals(x);
+  @method async update(y: Field) {
+    let x = this.x.getAndRequireEquals();
     y.assertGreaterThan(0);
     this.x.set(x.add(y));
   }
@@ -85,7 +79,7 @@ if (!isDeployed) {
     { sender: feePayerAddress, fee: transactionFee },
     async () => {
       AccountUpdate.fundNewAccount(feePayerAddress);
-      zkapp.deploy({ verificationKey });
+      await zkapp.deploy({ verificationKey });
     }
   );
   // if you want to inspect the transaction, you can print it out:
@@ -102,9 +96,7 @@ if (isDeployed) {
   console.log(`Found deployed zkapp, updating state ${x} -> ${x.add(10)}.`);
   let transaction = await Mina.transaction(
     { sender: feePayerAddress, fee: transactionFee },
-    async () => {
-      zkapp.update(Field(10));
-    }
+    () => zkapp.update(Field(10))
   );
   // fill in the proof - this can take a while...
   console.log('Creating an execution proof...');
@@ -117,5 +109,3 @@ if (isDeployed) {
   console.log('Sending the transaction...');
   await transaction.sign([feePayerKey]).send();
 }
-
-shutdown();

src/examples/simple-zkapp.js

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class SimpleZkapp extends SmartContract {
     this.x.set(initialState);
   }
 
-  update(y) {
+  async update(y) {
     this.emitEvent('update', y);
     this.emitEvent('update', y);
     this.account.balance.assertEquals(this.account.balance.get());
@@ -61,14 +61,14 @@ await SimpleZkapp.compile();
 console.log('deploy');
 let tx = await Mina.transaction(feePayer, async () => {
   AccountUpdate.fundNewAccount(feePayer);
-  zkapp.deploy();
+  await zkapp.deploy();
 });
 await tx.sign([feePayerKey, zkappKey]).send();
 
 console.log('initial state: ' + zkapp.x.get());
 
 console.log('update');
-tx = await Mina.transaction(feePayer, async () => zkapp.update(Field(3)));
+tx = await Mina.transaction(feePayer, () => zkapp.update(Field(3)));
 await tx.prove();
 await tx.sign([feePayerKey]).send();
 console.log('final state: ' + zkapp.x.get());

src/examples/simple-zkapp.ts

@@ -22,12 +22,14 @@ class SimpleZkapp extends SmartContract {
 
   events = { update: Field, payout: UInt64, payoutReceiver: PublicKey };
 
-  @method init() {
+  @method
+  async init() {
     super.init();
     this.x.set(initialState);
   }
 
-  @method update(y: Field): Field {
+  @method.returns(Field)
+  async update(y: Field) {
     this.account.provedState.requireEquals(Bool(true));
     this.network.timestamp.requireBetween(beforeGenesis, UInt64.MAXINT());
     this.emitEvent('update', y);
@@ -42,7 +44,8 @@ class SimpleZkapp extends SmartContract {
    * This method allows a certain privileged account to claim half of the zkapp balance, but only once
    * @param caller the privileged account
    */
-  @method payout(caller: PrivateKey) {
+  @method
+  async payout(caller: PrivateKey) {
     this.account.provedState.requireEquals(Bool(true));
 
     // check that caller is the privileged account
@@ -112,7 +115,7 @@ console.log('account state is proved:', account.zkapp?.provedState.toBoolean());
 
 console.log('update');
 tx = await Mina.transaction(sender, async () => {
-  zkapp.update(Field(3));
+  await zkapp.update(Field(3));
 });
 await tx.prove();
 await tx.sign([senderKey]).send();
@@ -128,7 +131,7 @@ await tx.sign([senderKey]).send();
 console.log('payout');
 tx = await Mina.transaction(sender, async () => {
   AccountUpdate.fundNewAccount(sender);
-  zkapp.payout(privilegedKey);
+  await zkapp.payout(privilegedKey);
 });
 await tx.prove();
 await tx.sign([senderKey]).send();
@@ -139,7 +142,7 @@ console.log(`final balance: ${zkapp.account.balance.get().div(1e9)} MINA`);
 
 console.log('try to payout a second time..');
 tx = await Mina.transaction(sender, async () => {
-  zkapp.payout(privilegedKey);
+  await zkapp.payout(privilegedKey);
 });
 try {
   await tx.prove();
@@ -151,7 +154,7 @@ try {
 console.log('try to payout to a different account..');
 try {
   tx = await Mina.transaction(sender, async () => {
-    zkapp.payout(Local.testAccounts[2].privateKey);
+    await zkapp.payout(Local.testAccounts[2].privateKey);
   });
   await tx.prove();
   await tx.sign([senderKey]).send();