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Ref docs: runtime vs contracts #2609

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@juangirini juangirini commented Dec 4, 2023

juangirini and others added 14 commits December 4, 2023 10:49
Removes obsolete fields from the `QueueConfigData` structure. For the
remaining fields, if they use the old defaults, we replace them with the
new defaults.

Resolves: #1795
## Overview

This PR brings in the new version of prdoc v0.0.6 and allows:
- local schema
- local config
- local template

It also fixes the existing prdoc files to match the new schema.

## todo

- [x] add a brief doc/tldr to help contributors get started
- [x] test CI
- [x] finalize schema
- [x] publish the next `prdoc` cli version (v0.0.7 or above)

---------

Co-authored-by: Egor_P <egor@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <git@kchr.de>
Base automatically changed from jg/polkadot-sdk-docs to master December 5, 2023 09:23
@juangirini juangirini changed the title runtime vs contracts Ref docs: runtime vs contracts Dec 5, 2023
@juangirini juangirini added R0-silent Changes should not be mentioned in any release notes T11-documentation This PR/Issue is related to documentation. labels Dec 5, 2023
@juangirini juangirini marked this pull request as ready for review December 6, 2023 13:22
//! ## Weighing and Metering
//! Both mechanisms designed to limit the resources used by external actors. However, there are
//! fundamental differences in how these resources are handled in FRAME-based Runtimes and how
//! they are handled in Smart Contracts, while Runtime operations are weighed, Smart Contract
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Oddly enough, even smart contract metering must itself be benchmarked to ensure that it always finishes in time.
But that is mostly a sidenode i think. Not really worth mentioning.

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Added a few comments and suggestions, but overall this is a comprehensive and helpful guide.

docs/sdk/src/reference_docs/runtime_vs_smart_contract.rs Outdated Show resolved Hide resolved
docs/sdk/src/reference_docs/runtime_vs_smart_contract.rs Outdated Show resolved Hide resolved
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//!
//! We will now explore these differences in more detail.
//!
//! ## Design Philosophy
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Maybe we could pass the point across here with an image? I remember in PBA to have seen this analogy of the cartridge and the console for the host vs runtime and how that architecture enabled upgradeability. Maybe we could get a similar one here for Runtime vs Smart contracts?

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@juangirini juangirini requested review from ggwpez and a team December 11, 2023 15:19
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I found this document very resourceful when comparing runtime to smart contracts https://use.ink/smart-contracts-polkadot

I'll look for instances within Polkadot ecosystem where an application is implemented via a pallet and as a smart contract. That may give the reader a real world example to look at. Also, I think the direction of the doc should lean towards "Pallet vs Smart Contract" - when to consider writing a pallet vs when to just deploy a smart contract on a pallet.

docs/sdk/src/reference_docs/runtime_vs_smart_contract.rs Outdated Show resolved Hide resolved
//! the Polkadot ecosystem you can find two distinct approaches for on-chain code execution:
//! [Runtime Development](#runtime-in-substrate) and [Smart Contracts](#smart-contracts).
//!
//! #### Smart Contracts in Substrate
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Might want to mention ink! https://use.ink/ as well.

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Ink! lives within the WASM-based contracts, I wanted to keep this document agnostic to the actual smart contract language

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Sounds good.

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Comment on lines +201 to +202
//! - **For Runtime Developers**: Understanding the cost of each operation is essential. Misjudging
//! the weight of operations can lead to network congestion or vulnerability exploitation.
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Give concrete implications of getting the weight of a transaction incorrect

Suggested change
//! - **For Runtime Developers**: Understanding the cost of each operation is essential. Misjudging
//! the weight of operations can lead to network congestion or vulnerability exploitation.
//! - **For Runtime Developers**: Understanding the cost of each operation is essential. Misjudging
//! the weight of operations can lead to failed transactions, network congestion and potentially impact block production.

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I think that the "vulnerability exploitation" part is very important

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Good write up, Juan thanks for doing this 🙏

@juangirini juangirini enabled auto-merge (squash) December 19, 2023 13:49
@juangirini juangirini self-assigned this Dec 19, 2023
@juangirini juangirini merged commit d192401 into master Dec 19, 2023
114 of 116 checks passed
@juangirini juangirini deleted the jg/sdk-docs-runtime-vs-contracts branch December 19, 2023 14:28
claravanstaden added a commit to Snowfork/polkadot-sdk that referenced this pull request Dec 21, 2023
* parachain-system: Do not take `self` for `last_relay_block_number` (paritytech#2720)

FRAME DSL is working in a static context.

* fix zombienet test (paritytech#2719)

Remove old version for `cli_args`, since this was fixed in the latest
version of zombienet and the `latest` version of polkadot introduce the
new flag `--insecure-validator-i-know-what-i-do`.

Fix jobs like
https://gitlab.parity.io/parity/mirrors/polkadot-sdk/-/jobs/4726174
Thx!

* [NPoS] Remove better solution threshold for unsigned submissions (paritytech#2694)

closes https://github.com/paritytech-secops/srlabs_findings/issues/78.

Removes `BetterUnsignedThreshold` from pallet EPM. This will essentially
mean any solution submitted by the validator that is strictly better
than the current queued solution would be accepted.

The reason for having these thresholds is to limit number of solutions
submitted on-chain. However for unsigned submissions, the number of
solutions that could be submitted on average is limited even without
thresholding (calculation shown in the corresponding issue).

* `chain-spec-builder`: Improve output path example (paritytech#2693)

Example currently broken. 

It writes something to the given path, but not the full chain spec.

---------

Co-authored-by: Michal Kucharczyk <1728078+michalkucharczyk@users.noreply.github.com>

* Publicly expose inaccessible `pallet_uniques` state (paritytech#2727)

A small PR to publicly expose the `pallet_uniques` state that is not
accessible through the nonfungibles implementation.

Currently, this state is unreachable from chain extensions.

* Bump async-trait from 0.1.73 to 0.1.74 (paritytech#2730)

Bumps [async-trait](https://github.com/dtolnay/async-trait) from 0.1.73
to 0.1.74.
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Test dyn Trait containing async fn</li>
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Update actions/checkout@v3 -&gt; v4</li>
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* Relaxed clippy fixes/nits (paritytech#2661)

This PR contains just a few clippy fixes and nits, which are, however,
relaxed by workspace clippy settings here:
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/master/Cargo.toml#L483-L506

---------

Co-authored-by: Dmitry Sinyavin <dmitry.sinyavin@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: ordian <write@reusable.software>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <git@kchr.de>

* Bridges subtree update (paritytech#2736)

* BEEFY: expect_validator_set() small fix (paritytech#2737)

Follow-up on paritytech#2716

Sorry, small miss

* [ci] Fix node-bench-regression-guard job (paritytech#2732)

After GitLab update it started to remove artifacts from master if PR has
more than 20 commits. PR fixes this for `node-bench-regression-guard`
job

cc https://github.com/paritytech/ci_cd/issues/915

* subsystem benchmarks: add cpu profiling (paritytech#2734)

Ready-to-merge version of
paritytech#2601

- Added optional CPU profiling
- Updated instructions how to set up Prometheus, Pyroscope and Graphana
- Added a flamegraph dashboard
<img width="1470" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/assets/27277055/c8f3b33d-3c01-4ec0-ac34-72d52325b6e6">

---------

Co-authored-by: ordian <write@reusable.software>

* Bump dyn-clone from 1.0.13 to 1.0.16 (paritytech#2748)

Bumps [dyn-clone](https://github.com/dtolnay/dyn-clone) from 1.0.13 to
1.0.16.
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Fix documentation on no-std targets</li>
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Let rustdoc see std crate</li>
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Allow rustdoc to take care of intra-doc links</li>
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Remove 'remember to update' reminder from Cargo.toml</li>
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Test docs.rs documentation build in CI</li>
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* Bump actions/setup-node from 4.0.0 to 4.0.1 (paritytech#2746)

Bumps [actions/setup-node](https://github.com/actions/setup-node) from
4.0.0 to 4.0.1.
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* `UnionOf` types for merged `fungible` and `fungibles` implementations (paritytech#2033)

Introduces `UnionOf` types, crafted to merge `fungible` and `fungibles`
implementations or two `fungibles` implementations into a single type
implementing `fungibles`.

This also addresses an issue where `ItemOf` initiates a double drop for
an imbalance type, leading to inaccurate total issuance accounting.

Find the application of these types in this PR -
[link](paritytech#2031), places in
code -
[1](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/4ec7496fa2632385b08fae860fcf28a523a7b5de/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-kusama/src/lib.rs#L327),
[2](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/4ec7496fa2632385b08fae860fcf28a523a7b5de/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-kusama/src/lib.rs#L343).

---------

Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <liam.aharon@hotmail.com>
Co-authored-by: joe petrowski <25483142+joepetrowski@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <oliver.tale-yazdi@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: joepetrowski <joe@parity.io>

* [NFTs] Fix consumers issue (paritytech#2653)

When we call the `set_accept_ownership` method, we increase the number
of account consumers, but then we don't decrease it on collection
transfer, which leads to the wrong consumers number an account has.

* Rococo/Westend Coretime Runtime

New runtimes for the Coretime Chain (a.k.a. "Broker Chain") described in
RFC-1.

Replaces paritytech/cumulus#2889


- [x] Add Agile Coretime pallet
paritytech/substrate#14568
- [x] Generate chain specs for local and testnets
- [x] Deploy parachain on Rococo - Done:
[rococo-coretime-rpc.polkadot.io](https://polkadot.js.org/apps/?rpc=wss%3A%2F%2Frococo-coretime-rpc.polkadot.io#/explorer)

DevOps issue for Aura keygen:
https://github.com/paritytech/devops/issues/2725

Edit (Dónal): This PR is mainly for Rococo, the Westend runtime is a
shell with no `Broker` pallet. The Rococo runtime has the broker calls
filtered for initial deployment.

---------

Co-authored-by: Dónal Murray <donal.murray@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: 0xmovses <r.v.melkonian@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <liam.aharon@hotmail.com>
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Co-authored-by: Marcin S. <marcin@realemail.net>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <info@kchr.de>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Branislav Kontur <bkontur@gmail.com>

* Ref docs: runtime vs contracts (paritytech#2609)

closes paritytech/polkadot-sdk-docs#41

* SDK docs ref cli (paritytech#2741)

Closes paritytech/polkadot-sdk-docs#53

* pallet-uniques/nfts: Small optimizations (paritytech#2754)

Use `contains_key` to not require decoding the actual value.

* pallet-asset-conversion: Swap Credit (paritytech#1677)

Introduces a swap implementation that allows the exchange of a credit
(aka Negative Imbalance) of one asset for a credit of another asset.

This is particularly useful when a credit swap is required but may not
have sufficient value to meet the ED constraint, hence cannot be
deposited to temp account before. An example use case is when XCM fees
are paid using an asset held in the XCM executor registry and has to be
swapped for native currency.

Additional Updates:
- encapsulates the existing `Swap` trait impl within a transactional
context, since partial storage mutation is possible when an error
occurs;
- supplied `Currency` and `Assets` impls must be implemented over the
same `Balance` type, the `AssetBalance` generic type is dropped. This
helps to avoid numerous type conversion and overflow cases. If those
types are different it should be handled outside of the pallet;
- `Box` asset kind on a pallet level, unbox on a runtime level - here
[why](https://substrate.stackexchange.com/questions/10039/boxed-argument-of-a-dispatchable/10103#10103);
- `path` uses `Vec` now, instead of `BoundedVec` since it is never used
in PoV;
- removes the `Transfer` event due to it's redundancy with the events
emitted by `fungible/s` implementations;
- modifies the `SwapExecuted` event type;

related issue: 
- paritytech#105

related PRs:
- (required for) paritytech#1845
- (caused) paritytech#1717

// DONE make the pallet work only with `fungibles` trait and make it
free from the concept of a `native` asset -
paritytech#1842

---------

Co-authored-by: joe petrowski <25483142+joepetrowski@users.noreply.github.com>

* Add srtool GHA (paritytech#2755)

This PR introduces the `srtool` GHA which was used in the old `cumulus`
repo to build and check runtimes on the weekly basis schedule. The job
is triggered:
- every Monday at 2AM, automatically
- on each tag push or push to the release branch
- can be triggered manually as well

Addresses paritytech#1271

* Update schnorrkel to 0.11.4 (paritytech#2524)

* Fix bridges scripts to test Rococo <> Westend bridge locally (paritytech#2752)

I think I broke it in
paritytech#2139 - fees has
increased and amounts that we send are no longer enough to cover fees.
Also changed a consts (test + 33%) using latest weights.

---------

Co-authored-by: Branislav Kontur <bkontur@gmail.com>

* Bump chrono from 0.4.27 to 0.4.31 (paritytech#2761)

Bumps [chrono](https://github.com/chronotope/chrono) from 0.4.27 to
0.4.31.
<details>
<summary>Release notes</summary>
<p><em>Sourced from <a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/releases">chrono's
releases</a>.</em></p>
<blockquote>
<h2>0.4.31</h2>
<p>Another maintenance release.
It was not a planned effort to improve our support for UNIX timestamps,
yet most PRs seem related to this.</p>
<h3>Deprecations</h3>
<ul>
<li>Deprecate <code>timestamp_nanos</code> in favor of the non-panicking
<code>timestamp_nanos_opt</code> (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1275">#1275</a>)</li>
</ul>
<h3>Additions</h3>
<ul>
<li>Add <code>DateTime::&lt;Utc&gt;::from_timestamp</code> (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1279">#1279</a>,
thanks <a
href="https://github.com/demurgos"><code>@​demurgos</code></a>)</li>
<li>Add <code>TimeZone::timestamp_micros</code> (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1285">#1285</a>,
thanks <a
href="https://github.com/emikitas"><code>@​emikitas</code></a>)</li>
<li>Add <code>DateTime&lt;Tz&gt;::timestamp_nanos_opt</code> and
<code>NaiveDateTime::timestamp_nanos_opt</code> (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1275">#1275</a>)</li>
<li>Add <code>UNIX_EPOCH</code> constants (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1291">#1291</a>)</li>
</ul>
<h3>Fixes</h3>
<ul>
<li>Format day of month in RFC 2822 without padding (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1272">#1272</a>)</li>
<li>Don't allow strange leap seconds which are not on a minute boundary
initialization methods (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1283">#1283</a>)
This makes many methods a little more strict:
<ul>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_hms_milli</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_hms_milli_opt</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_hms_micro</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_hms_micro_opt</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_hms_nano</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_hms_nano_opt</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_num_seconds_from_midnight</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_num_seconds_from_midnight_opt</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDate::and_hms_milli</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDate::and_hms_milli_opt</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDate::and_hms_micro</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDate::and_hms_micro_opt</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDate::and_hms_nano</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDate::and_hms_nano_opt</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDateTime::from_timestamp</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDateTime::from_timestamp_opt</code></li>
<li><code>TimeZone::timestamp</code></li>
<li><code>TimeZone::timestamp_opt</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Fix underflow in <code>NaiveDateTime::timestamp_nanos_opt</code> (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1294">#1294</a>,
thanks <a
href="https://github.com/crepererum"><code>@​crepererum</code></a>)</li>
</ul>
<h3>Documentation</h3>
<ul>
<li>Add more documentation about the RFC 2822 obsolete date format (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1267">#1267</a>)</li>
</ul>
<h3>Internal</h3>
<ul>
<li>Remove internal <code>__doctest</code> feature and
<code>doc_comment</code> dependency (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1276">#1276</a>)</li>
<li>CI: Bump <code>actions/checkout</code> from 3 to 4 (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1280">#1280</a>)</li>
<li>Optimize <code>NaiveDate::add_days</code> for small values (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1214">#1214</a>)</li>
<li>Upgrade <code>pure-rust-locales</code> to 0.7.0 (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1288">#1288</a>,
thanks <a href="https://github.com/jeremija"><code>@​jeremija</code></a>
wo did good improvements on <code>pure-rust-locales</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Thanks to all contributors on behalf of the chrono team, <a
href="https://github.com/djc"><code>@​djc</code></a> and <a
href="https://github.com/pitdicker"><code>@​pitdicker</code></a>!</p>
<h2>0.4.30</h2>
<p>In this release, we have decided to swap out the
<code>chrono::Duration</code> type (which has been a re-export of time
0.1 <code>Duration</code> type) with our own definition, which exposes a
strict superset of the <code>time::Duration</code> API. This helps avoid
warnings about the [CVE-2020-26235] and [RUSTSEC-2020-0071] advisories
for downstream users and allows us to improve the <code>Duration</code>
API going forward.</p>
<!-- raw HTML omitted -->
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</details>
<details>
<summary>Commits</summary>
<ul>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/e730c6ac45649a6a636abf30b796304bc46ecd15"><code>e730c6a</code></a>
Bump version to 0.4.31</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/2afdde8f7f23f087b5027662e2882dba0663fef7"><code>2afdde8</code></a>
fix: underflow during datetime-&gt;nanos conversion</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/46ad2c2b2c901eb20e43a7fca025aac02605bda4"><code>46ad2c2</code></a>
Add <code>UNIX_EPOCH</code> constants</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/1df8db3a547bf50929d3d1774306f996b63e9e7c"><code>1df8db3</code></a>
Add TimeZone::timestamp_micros</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/861d4e12487181e71744478a320db20f56bd61af"><code>861d4e1</code></a>
Make TimeZone::timestamp_millis_opt use</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/3c4846a88235a38105a047b0acd34ce239a1cfb5"><code>3c4846a</code></a>
Upgrade pure-rust-locales to 0.7.0</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/6665804676e55e9e2375eed7c10cc9e0910abf11"><code>6665804</code></a>
Deny leap second if secs != 59 in
<code>from_num_seconds_from_midnight_opt</code></li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/61b7ffbb7a95df577c308eb0f2ab5c68e1566cf1"><code>61b7ffb</code></a>
Deny leap second if secs != 59 in <code>from_hms_nano_opt</code></li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/202af6cfda9bfdb195dc96377fcdeee7ed024b65"><code>202af6c</code></a>
Don't generate leap seconds that are not 60 in NaiveTime's Arbitrary
impl</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/60283ab55cbc9ea6caa86e19bf5da2c086cdf4bc"><code>60283ab</code></a>
Don't create strange leap seconds in tests</li>
<li>Additional commits viewable in <a
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* pallet-asset-conversion: Decoupling Native Currency Dependancy (paritytech#2031)

closes paritytech#1842

Decoupling Pallet from the Concept of Native Currency

Currently, the pallet is intrinsically linked with the concept of native
currency, requiring users to provide implementations of the
`fungible::*` and `fungibles::*` traits to interact with native and non
native assets. This incapsulates some non-related to the pallet
complexity and makes it less adaptable in contexts where the native
currency concept is absent.

With this PR, the dependence on `fungible::*` for liquidity-supplying
assets has been removed. Instead, the native and non-native currencies'
handling is now overseen by a single type that implements the
`fungibles::*` traits. To simplify this integration, types have been
introduced to facilitate the creation of a union between `fungible::*`
and `fungibles::*` implementations, producing a unified `fungibles::*`
type.

One of the reasons driving these changes is the ambition to create a
more user-friendly API for the `SwapCredit` implementation. Given that
it interacts with two distinct credit types from `fungible` and
`fungibles`, a unified type was introduced. Clients now manage potential
conversion failures for those credit types. In certain contexts, it's
vital to guarantee that operations are fail-safe, like in this impl -
[PR](paritytech#1845), place in
[code](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/20b85a5fada8f55c98ba831964f5866ffeadf4da/cumulus/primitives/utility/src/lib.rs#L429).

Additional Updates:
- abstracted the pool ID and its account derivation logic via trait
bounds, along with common implementation offerings;
- removed `inc_providers` on a pool creation for the pool account;
- benchmarks:
-- swap complexity is N, not const;
-- removed `From<u128> + Into<u128>` bound from `T::Balance`;
-- removed swap/liquidity/.. amount constants, resolve them dynamically
based on pallet configuration;
-- migrated to v2 API;
- `OnUnbalanced` handler for the pool creation fee, replacing direct
transfers to a specified account ID;
- renamed `MultiAssetId` to `AssetKind` aligning with naming across
frame crates;

related PRs:
- (depends) paritytech#1677
- (caused) paritytech#2033
- (caused) paritytech#1876

---------

Co-authored-by: joe petrowski <25483142+joepetrowski@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <liam.aharon@hotmail.com>

* use a single source for simple-mermaid dependency (paritytech#2760)

this breaks cargo vendor which is necessary for building polkadot with
nix

* Add Authorize Upgrade Pattern to Frame System (paritytech#2682)

Adds the `authorize_upgrade` -> `enact_authorized_upgrade` pattern to
`frame-system`. This will be useful for upgrading bridged chains that
are under the governance of Polkadot without passing entire runtime Wasm
blobs over a bridge.

Notes:

- Changed `enact_authorized_upgrade` to `apply_authorized_upgrade`.
Personal opinion, "apply" more accurately expresses what it's doing. Can
change back if outvoted.
- Remove `check_version` in favor of two extrinsics, so as to make
_checked_ the default.
- Left calls in `parachain-system` and marked as deprecated to prevent
breaking the API. They just call into the `frame-system` functions.
- Updated `frame-system` benchmarks to v2 syntax.

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

* Fix clippy lints behind feature gates and add new CI step all features (paritytech#2569)

Many clippy lints usually enforced by `-Dcomplexity` and `-Dcorrectness`
are not caught by CI as they are gated by `features`, like
`runtime-benchmarks`, while the clippy CI job runs with only the default
features for all targets.

This PR also adds a CI step to run clippy with `--all-features` to
ensure the code quality is maintained behind feature gates from now on.

To improve local development, clippy lints are downgraded to warnings,
but they still will result in an error at CI due to the `-Dwarnings`
rustflag.

---------

Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <liam.aharon@hotmail.com>

* Fix Coretime Master (paritytech#2765)

Should have merged master into paritytech#2682 before merging.

* update from master

---------

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Co-authored-by: claravanstaden <Cats 4 life!>
//! [`pallet_contracts`](../../../pallet_contracts/index.html) for WASM-based contracts or the
//! [`pallet_evm`](../../../pallet_evm/index.html) for EVM-compatible contracts. These pallets
//! enable Smart Contract developers to build applications and systems on top of a Substrate-based
//! blockchain.
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Suggestion: a diagram here that shows a substrate based chain, hosting pallet-evm, which itself is hosting a number of Solidity contracts. Should clearly show that by uploading/executing a new contract, you are not programming the blockchain itself. The blockchain is constant, smart contracts are being programmed.

//! #### Runtime in Substrate
//! The Runtime is the state transition function of a Substrate-based blockchain. It defines the
//! rules for processing transactions and blocks, essentially governing the behavior and
//! capabilities of a blockchain.
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Then a counterpart diagram here that shows that in the Runtime development model, you are programming the blockchain itself.

//!
//! Notes:
//! *TL;DR*: If you need to create a *Blockchain*, then write a runtime. If you need to create a
//! *DApp*, then write a Smart Contract.
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I have had numerous rants about the misuse of the word "DApp" in this space. So, I want to ask the author, what do you mean by DApp throughout this page?

Specifically, let's look at https://apps.acala.network/. Is this a DApp? Bear in mind that this page is purely interacting with a blockchain runtime, no smart contracts.

Once we conclude this discussion, it would be good to update the glossary as well.

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Maybe a bit late, and already resolved on another conversation.

But would love to drop my opinion here anyway.

As I see it DApps are applications with their logic in a decentralized and distributed system, for instance a blockchain. Whether this logic is part of a runtime or a smart contract doesn't play a differentiating role to me.

I'd argue https://staking.polkadot.network/ is a great DApp in the Polkadot ecosystem.

claravanstaden added a commit to Snowfork/polkadot-sdk that referenced this pull request Jan 23, 2024
* parachain-system: Do not take `self` for `last_relay_block_number` (#2720)

FRAME DSL is working in a static context.

* fix zombienet test (#2719)

Remove old version for `cli_args`, since this was fixed in the latest
version of zombienet and the `latest` version of polkadot introduce the
new flag `--insecure-validator-i-know-what-i-do`.

Fix jobs like
https://gitlab.parity.io/parity/mirrors/polkadot-sdk/-/jobs/4726174
Thx!

* [NPoS] Remove better solution threshold for unsigned submissions (#2694)

closes https://github.com/paritytech-secops/srlabs_findings/issues/78.

Removes `BetterUnsignedThreshold` from pallet EPM. This will essentially
mean any solution submitted by the validator that is strictly better
than the current queued solution would be accepted.

The reason for having these thresholds is to limit number of solutions
submitted on-chain. However for unsigned submissions, the number of
solutions that could be submitted on average is limited even without
thresholding (calculation shown in the corresponding issue).

* `chain-spec-builder`: Improve output path example (#2693)

Example currently broken. 

It writes something to the given path, but not the full chain spec.

---------

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* Publicly expose inaccessible `pallet_uniques` state (#2727)

A small PR to publicly expose the `pallet_uniques` state that is not
accessible through the nonfungibles implementation.

Currently, this state is unreachable from chain extensions.

* Bump async-trait from 0.1.73 to 0.1.74 (#2730)

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Update ui test suite to nightly-2023-09-24</li>
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* Relaxed clippy fixes/nits (#2661)

This PR contains just a few clippy fixes and nits, which are, however,
relaxed by workspace clippy settings here:
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/master/Cargo.toml#L483-L506

---------

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* Bridges subtree update (#2736)

* BEEFY: expect_validator_set() small fix (#2737)

Follow-up on https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2716

Sorry, small miss

* [ci] Fix node-bench-regression-guard job (#2732)

After GitLab update it started to remove artifacts from master if PR has
more than 20 commits. PR fixes this for `node-bench-regression-guard`
job

cc https://github.com/paritytech/ci_cd/issues/915

* subsystem benchmarks: add cpu profiling (#2734)

Ready-to-merge version of
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2601

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Fix documentation on no-std targets</li>
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Let rustdoc see std crate</li>
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Allow rustdoc to take care of intra-doc links</li>
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Test docs.rs documentation build in CI</li>
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* Bump actions/setup-node from 4.0.0 to 4.0.1 (#2746)

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* `UnionOf` types for merged `fungible` and `fungibles` implementations (#2033)

Introduces `UnionOf` types, crafted to merge `fungible` and `fungibles`
implementations or two `fungibles` implementations into a single type
implementing `fungibles`.

This also addresses an issue where `ItemOf` initiates a double drop for
an imbalance type, leading to inaccurate total issuance accounting.

Find the application of these types in this PR -
[link](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2031), places in
code -
[1](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/4ec7496fa2632385b08fae860fcf28a523a7b5de/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-kusama/src/lib.rs#L327),
[2](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/4ec7496fa2632385b08fae860fcf28a523a7b5de/cumulus/parachains/runtimes/assets/asset-hub-kusama/src/lib.rs#L343).

---------

Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <liam.aharon@hotmail.com>
Co-authored-by: joe petrowski <25483142+joepetrowski@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Oliver Tale-Yazdi <oliver.tale-yazdi@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: joepetrowski <joe@parity.io>

* [NFTs] Fix consumers issue (#2653)

When we call the `set_accept_ownership` method, we increase the number
of account consumers, but then we don't decrease it on collection
transfer, which leads to the wrong consumers number an account has.

* Rococo/Westend Coretime Runtime

New runtimes for the Coretime Chain (a.k.a. "Broker Chain") described in
RFC-1.

Replaces https://github.com/paritytech/cumulus/pull/2889


- [x] Add Agile Coretime pallet
https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/pull/14568
- [x] Generate chain specs for local and testnets
- [x] Deploy parachain on Rococo - Done:
[rococo-coretime-rpc.polkadot.io](https://polkadot.js.org/apps/?rpc=wss%3A%2F%2Frococo-coretime-rpc.polkadot.io#/explorer)

DevOps issue for Aura keygen:
https://github.com/paritytech/devops/issues/2725

Edit (Dónal): This PR is mainly for Rococo, the Westend runtime is a
shell with no `Broker` pallet. The Rococo runtime has the broker calls
filtered for initial deployment.

---------

Co-authored-by: Dónal Murray <donal.murray@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: 0xmovses <r.v.melkonian@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <liam.aharon@hotmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <git@kchr.de>
Co-authored-by: Marcin S. <marcin@realemail.net>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <info@kchr.de>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: Branislav Kontur <bkontur@gmail.com>

* Ref docs: runtime vs contracts (#2609)

closes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk-docs/issues/41

* SDK docs ref cli (#2741)

Closes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk-docs/issues/53

* pallet-uniques/nfts: Small optimizations (#2754)

Use `contains_key` to not require decoding the actual value.

* pallet-asset-conversion: Swap Credit (#1677)

Introduces a swap implementation that allows the exchange of a credit
(aka Negative Imbalance) of one asset for a credit of another asset.

This is particularly useful when a credit swap is required but may not
have sufficient value to meet the ED constraint, hence cannot be
deposited to temp account before. An example use case is when XCM fees
are paid using an asset held in the XCM executor registry and has to be
swapped for native currency.

Additional Updates:
- encapsulates the existing `Swap` trait impl within a transactional
context, since partial storage mutation is possible when an error
occurs;
- supplied `Currency` and `Assets` impls must be implemented over the
same `Balance` type, the `AssetBalance` generic type is dropped. This
helps to avoid numerous type conversion and overflow cases. If those
types are different it should be handled outside of the pallet;
- `Box` asset kind on a pallet level, unbox on a runtime level - here
[why](https://substrate.stackexchange.com/questions/10039/boxed-argument-of-a-dispatchable/10103#10103);
- `path` uses `Vec` now, instead of `BoundedVec` since it is never used
in PoV;
- removes the `Transfer` event due to it's redundancy with the events
emitted by `fungible/s` implementations;
- modifies the `SwapExecuted` event type;

related issue: 
- https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/105

related PRs:
- (required for) https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1845
- (caused) https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1717

// DONE make the pallet work only with `fungibles` trait and make it
free from the concept of a `native` asset -
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/1842

---------

Co-authored-by: joe petrowski <25483142+joepetrowski@users.noreply.github.com>

* Add srtool GHA (#2755)

This PR introduces the `srtool` GHA which was used in the old `cumulus`
repo to build and check runtimes on the weekly basis schedule. The job
is triggered:
- every Monday at 2AM, automatically
- on each tag push or push to the release branch
- can be triggered manually as well

Addresses #1271

* Update schnorrkel to 0.11.4 (#2524)

* Fix bridges scripts to test Rococo <> Westend bridge locally (#2752)

I think I broke it in
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2139 - fees has
increased and amounts that we send are no longer enough to cover fees.
Also changed a consts (test + 33%) using latest weights.

---------

Co-authored-by: Branislav Kontur <bkontur@gmail.com>

* Bump chrono from 0.4.27 to 0.4.31 (#2761)

Bumps [chrono](https://github.com/chronotope/chrono) from 0.4.27 to
0.4.31.
<details>
<summary>Release notes</summary>
<p><em>Sourced from <a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/releases">chrono's
releases</a>.</em></p>
<blockquote>
<h2>0.4.31</h2>
<p>Another maintenance release.
It was not a planned effort to improve our support for UNIX timestamps,
yet most PRs seem related to this.</p>
<h3>Deprecations</h3>
<ul>
<li>Deprecate <code>timestamp_nanos</code> in favor of the non-panicking
<code>timestamp_nanos_opt</code> (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1275">#1275</a>)</li>
</ul>
<h3>Additions</h3>
<ul>
<li>Add <code>DateTime::&lt;Utc&gt;::from_timestamp</code> (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1279">#1279</a>,
thanks <a
href="https://github.com/demurgos"><code>@​demurgos</code></a>)</li>
<li>Add <code>TimeZone::timestamp_micros</code> (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1285">#1285</a>,
thanks <a
href="https://github.com/emikitas"><code>@​emikitas</code></a>)</li>
<li>Add <code>DateTime&lt;Tz&gt;::timestamp_nanos_opt</code> and
<code>NaiveDateTime::timestamp_nanos_opt</code> (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1275">#1275</a>)</li>
<li>Add <code>UNIX_EPOCH</code> constants (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1291">#1291</a>)</li>
</ul>
<h3>Fixes</h3>
<ul>
<li>Format day of month in RFC 2822 without padding (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1272">#1272</a>)</li>
<li>Don't allow strange leap seconds which are not on a minute boundary
initialization methods (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1283">#1283</a>)
This makes many methods a little more strict:
<ul>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_hms_milli</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_hms_milli_opt</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_hms_micro</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_hms_micro_opt</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_hms_nano</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_hms_nano_opt</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_num_seconds_from_midnight</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveTime::from_num_seconds_from_midnight_opt</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDate::and_hms_milli</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDate::and_hms_milli_opt</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDate::and_hms_micro</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDate::and_hms_micro_opt</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDate::and_hms_nano</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDate::and_hms_nano_opt</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDateTime::from_timestamp</code></li>
<li><code>NaiveDateTime::from_timestamp_opt</code></li>
<li><code>TimeZone::timestamp</code></li>
<li><code>TimeZone::timestamp_opt</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Fix underflow in <code>NaiveDateTime::timestamp_nanos_opt</code> (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1294">#1294</a>,
thanks <a
href="https://github.com/crepererum"><code>@​crepererum</code></a>)</li>
</ul>
<h3>Documentation</h3>
<ul>
<li>Add more documentation about the RFC 2822 obsolete date format (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1267">#1267</a>)</li>
</ul>
<h3>Internal</h3>
<ul>
<li>Remove internal <code>__doctest</code> feature and
<code>doc_comment</code> dependency (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1276">#1276</a>)</li>
<li>CI: Bump <code>actions/checkout</code> from 3 to 4 (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1280">#1280</a>)</li>
<li>Optimize <code>NaiveDate::add_days</code> for small values (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1214">#1214</a>)</li>
<li>Upgrade <code>pure-rust-locales</code> to 0.7.0 (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/1288">#1288</a>,
thanks <a href="https://github.com/jeremija"><code>@​jeremija</code></a>
wo did good improvements on <code>pure-rust-locales</code>)</li>
</ul>
<p>Thanks to all contributors on behalf of the chrono team, <a
href="https://github.com/djc"><code>@​djc</code></a> and <a
href="https://github.com/pitdicker"><code>@​pitdicker</code></a>!</p>
<h2>0.4.30</h2>
<p>In this release, we have decided to swap out the
<code>chrono::Duration</code> type (which has been a re-export of time
0.1 <code>Duration</code> type) with our own definition, which exposes a
strict superset of the <code>time::Duration</code> API. This helps avoid
warnings about the [CVE-2020-26235] and [RUSTSEC-2020-0071] advisories
for downstream users and allows us to improve the <code>Duration</code>
API going forward.</p>
<!-- raw HTML omitted -->
</blockquote>
<p>... (truncated)</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary>Commits</summary>
<ul>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/e730c6ac45649a6a636abf30b796304bc46ecd15"><code>e730c6a</code></a>
Bump version to 0.4.31</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/2afdde8f7f23f087b5027662e2882dba0663fef7"><code>2afdde8</code></a>
fix: underflow during datetime-&gt;nanos conversion</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/46ad2c2b2c901eb20e43a7fca025aac02605bda4"><code>46ad2c2</code></a>
Add <code>UNIX_EPOCH</code> constants</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/1df8db3a547bf50929d3d1774306f996b63e9e7c"><code>1df8db3</code></a>
Add TimeZone::timestamp_micros</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/861d4e12487181e71744478a320db20f56bd61af"><code>861d4e1</code></a>
Make TimeZone::timestamp_millis_opt use</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/3c4846a88235a38105a047b0acd34ce239a1cfb5"><code>3c4846a</code></a>
Upgrade pure-rust-locales to 0.7.0</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/6665804676e55e9e2375eed7c10cc9e0910abf11"><code>6665804</code></a>
Deny leap second if secs != 59 in
<code>from_num_seconds_from_midnight_opt</code></li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/61b7ffbb7a95df577c308eb0f2ab5c68e1566cf1"><code>61b7ffb</code></a>
Deny leap second if secs != 59 in <code>from_hms_nano_opt</code></li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/202af6cfda9bfdb195dc96377fcdeee7ed024b65"><code>202af6c</code></a>
Don't generate leap seconds that are not 60 in NaiveTime's Arbitrary
impl</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/commit/60283ab55cbc9ea6caa86e19bf5da2c086cdf4bc"><code>60283ab</code></a>
Don't create strange leap seconds in tests</li>
<li>Additional commits viewable in <a
href="https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/compare/v0.4.27...v0.4.31">compare
view</a></li>
</ul>
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* pallet-asset-conversion: Decoupling Native Currency Dependancy (#2031)

closes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/1842

Decoupling Pallet from the Concept of Native Currency

Currently, the pallet is intrinsically linked with the concept of native
currency, requiring users to provide implementations of the
`fungible::*` and `fungibles::*` traits to interact with native and non
native assets. This incapsulates some non-related to the pallet
complexity and makes it less adaptable in contexts where the native
currency concept is absent.

With this PR, the dependence on `fungible::*` for liquidity-supplying
assets has been removed. Instead, the native and non-native currencies'
handling is now overseen by a single type that implements the
`fungibles::*` traits. To simplify this integration, types have been
introduced to facilitate the creation of a union between `fungible::*`
and `fungibles::*` implementations, producing a unified `fungibles::*`
type.

One of the reasons driving these changes is the ambition to create a
more user-friendly API for the `SwapCredit` implementation. Given that
it interacts with two distinct credit types from `fungible` and
`fungibles`, a unified type was introduced. Clients now manage potential
conversion failures for those credit types. In certain contexts, it's
vital to guarantee that operations are fail-safe, like in this impl -
[PR](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1845), place in
[code](https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/20b85a5fada8f55c98ba831964f5866ffeadf4da/cumulus/primitives/utility/src/lib.rs#L429).

Additional Updates:
- abstracted the pool ID and its account derivation logic via trait
bounds, along with common implementation offerings;
- removed `inc_providers` on a pool creation for the pool account;
- benchmarks:
-- swap complexity is N, not const;
-- removed `From<u128> + Into<u128>` bound from `T::Balance`;
-- removed swap/liquidity/.. amount constants, resolve them dynamically
based on pallet configuration;
-- migrated to v2 API;
- `OnUnbalanced` handler for the pool creation fee, replacing direct
transfers to a specified account ID;
- renamed `MultiAssetId` to `AssetKind` aligning with naming across
frame crates;

related PRs:
- (depends) https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1677
- (caused) https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2033
- (caused) https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1876

---------

Co-authored-by: joe petrowski <25483142+joepetrowski@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <liam.aharon@hotmail.com>

* use a single source for simple-mermaid dependency (#2760)

this breaks cargo vendor which is necessary for building polkadot with
nix

* Add Authorize Upgrade Pattern to Frame System (#2682)

Adds the `authorize_upgrade` -> `enact_authorized_upgrade` pattern to
`frame-system`. This will be useful for upgrading bridged chains that
are under the governance of Polkadot without passing entire runtime Wasm
blobs over a bridge.

Notes:

- Changed `enact_authorized_upgrade` to `apply_authorized_upgrade`.
Personal opinion, "apply" more accurately expresses what it's doing. Can
change back if outvoted.
- Remove `check_version` in favor of two extrinsics, so as to make
_checked_ the default.
- Left calls in `parachain-system` and marked as deprecated to prevent
breaking the API. They just call into the `frame-system` functions.
- Updated `frame-system` benchmarks to v2 syntax.

---------

Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

* Fix clippy lints behind feature gates and add new CI step all features (#2569)

Many clippy lints usually enforced by `-Dcomplexity` and `-Dcorrectness`
are not caught by CI as they are gated by `features`, like
`runtime-benchmarks`, while the clippy CI job runs with only the default
features for all targets.

This PR also adds a CI step to run clippy with `--all-features` to
ensure the code quality is maintained behind feature gates from now on.

To improve local development, clippy lints are downgraded to warnings,
but they still will result in an error at CI due to the `-Dwarnings`
rustflag.

---------

Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <liam.aharon@hotmail.com>

* Fix Coretime Master (#2765)

Should have merged master into #2682 before merging.

* Cleanup bridges tests: with-grandpa-chain case (#2763)

related to
https://github.com/paritytech/parity-bridges-common/issues/2739

Co-authored-by: Branislav Kontur <bkontur@gmail.com>

* Adds Snowbridge to Rococo runtime (#2522)

# Description

Adds Snowbridge to the Rococo bridge hub runtime. Includes config
changes required in Rococo asset hub.

---------

Co-authored-by: Alistair Singh <alistair.singh7@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: ron <yrong1997@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Vincent Geddes <vincent.geddes@hey.com>
Co-authored-by: claravanstaden <Cats 4 life!>

* Coretime Feature branch (relay chain) (#1694)

Also fixes: https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/1417

- [x] CoreIndex -> AssignmentProvider mapping will be able to change any
time.
- [x] Implement
- [x] Provide Migrations
- [x] Add and fix tests
- [x] Implement bulk assigner logic
- [x] bulk assigner tests
- [x] Port over current assigner to use bulk designer (+ share on-demand
with bulk): top-level assigner has core ranges: legacy, bulk
- [x] Adjust migrations to reflect new assigner structure
- [x] Move migration code to Assignment code directly and make it
recursive (make it possible to skip releases) -> follow up ticket.
- [x] Test migrations
- [x] Add migration PR to runtimes repo -> follow up ticket.
- [x] Wire up with actual UMP messages
- [x] Write PR docs

---------

Co-authored-by: eskimor <eskimor@no-such-url.com>
Co-authored-by: Bradley Olson <34992650+BradleyOlson64@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: BradleyOlson64 <lotrftw9@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Anton Vilhelm Ásgeirsson <antonva@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: antonva <anton.asgeirsson@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <git@kchr.de>
Co-authored-by: Marcin S. <marcin@realemail.net>
Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <info@kchr.de>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>

* Cleanup bridges tests: with-parachain case (#2772)

related to
https://github.com/paritytech/parity-bridges-common/issues/2739

* Bump AH and BH runtime versions (#2775)

After merging https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2522
asset-hub-rococo and bridge-hub-rococo runtime versions need to be
bumped for their deployment.

---------

Co-authored-by: joe petrowski <25483142+joepetrowski@users.noreply.github.com>

* Try to set `beacon-spec-mainnet` as default on runtime and not binary (#2777)

* frame-support: Print key as hex for corrupted state (#2779)

* pallet-sudo: Accept `Root` origin as valid sudo (#2783)

This changes `pallet-sudo` to also accept `Root` origin for
`ensure_sudo`. This can be useful for parachains who allow the relay
chain to have superuser rights to setup the sudo pallet for example.

* Update Safe Call Filters (#2786)

- Updates all safe call filters to allow `system::authorize_upgrade`.
- Updates Coretime safe call filter to allow `sudo` and
`system_set_storage`.
- Update Coretime teleports to allow teleportation with other system
chains.

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <info@kchr.de>

* Bump unsafe-libyaml from 0.2.9 to 0.2.10 (#2776)

Bumps [unsafe-libyaml](https://github.com/dtolnay/unsafe-libyaml) from
0.2.9 to 0.2.10.
<details>
<summary>Release notes</summary>
<p><em>Sourced from <a
href="https://github.com/dtolnay/unsafe-libyaml/releases">unsafe-libyaml's
releases</a>.</em></p>
<blockquote>
<h2>0.2.10</h2>
<ul>
<li>Fix write to improperly aligned pointer in 32-bit targets (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/dtolnay/unsafe-libyaml/issues/21">#21</a>)</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
</details>
<details>
<summary>Commits</summary>
<ul>
<li><a
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Release 0.2.10</li>
<li><a
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Clean up some redundant casts</li>
<li><a
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Merge pull request <a
href="https://redirect.github.com/dtolnay/unsafe-libyaml/issues/24">#24</a>
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<li><a
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Fix insufficient alignment of malloc's return value on 32-bit</li>
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Check arithmetic in malloc computations</li>
<li><a
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Merge pull request <a
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<li><a
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Check more arithmetic operations</li>
<li><a
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Delete cast to long followed by size_t</li>
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Clean up duplicated casting to size_t</li>
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* Final nits for bridge-hub-test-utils (#2788)

closes https://github.com/paritytech/parity-bridges-common/issues/2739

* incrementing sufficient accounts references with saturating_add for safety. (#2768)

Even though it is difficult to overflow the sufficients variable, since
an attacker that is willing to rapidly increase the number must every
time deposit a minimum deposit of a given asset, it is safer to use
saturating_add().

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <git@kchr.de>
Co-authored-by: joe petrowski <25483142+joepetrowski@users.noreply.github.com>

* fix overflow in `balance_to_point` conversion (#2706)

Closes #416

As I mentioned in the above issue `balance_to_points` conversion
currently overflows the `Balance` types even before computing the actual
points for the given tokens. This fixes that,

* Rococo & Westend People Chain (#2281)

Rococo and Westend runtimes for the "People Chain". This chain contains
the Identity pallet with plans to migrate all related data from the
Relay Chain.

Changes `IdentityInfo` to:

- Remove `additional_fields`.
- Add `github` and `discord` as first class fields. From scraping chain
data, these were the only two additional fields used (for the Fellowship
and Ambassador Program, respectively).
- Rename `riot` to `matrix`.

Note: This will use the script in
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2025 to generate the
genesis state.

TODO:

- [x] https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/1814 and
integration of the Identity Migrator pallet for migration.
- [x] Tests: https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2373

---------

Co-authored-by: Muharem <ismailov.m.h@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Michal Kucharczyk <1728078+michalkucharczyk@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Dónal Murray <donal.murray@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: Richard Melkonian <35300528+0xmovses@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <liam.aharon@hotmail.com>

* Coretime: Use `Superuser` for sending the transact calls (#2793)

* Improve `TryDecodeEntireState` output (#2724)

Found some areas for improvement while working on
https://github.com/polkadot-fellows/runtimes/pull/122.

## Improvements

- If multiple keys in a storage item (e.g. a map) are undecodable,
return all the undecodable keys rather than only the first one found
- Include the key of the undecodable storage in the INFO log
- Write output as hex string where appropriate
- Write INFO log on successful decoding

* Remove rustdocs allowances (#2797)

Closes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk-docs/issues/65

* Update rust docs link in README.md (#2794)

Co-authored-by: Liam Aharon <liam.aharon@hotmail.com>

* Fix typo in comments (#2807)

fix typos in the comments of `pallet-broker`

* xcm: Improve debuggability (#2799)

Adds more logging to the XCM execution for better debugging.

* Saner weights + lease calcuation fix. (#2778)

And have proper benchmarks.

---------

Co-authored-by: eskimor <eskimor@no-such-url.com>
Co-authored-by: command-bot <>
Co-authored-by: joe petrowski <25483142+joepetrowski@users.noreply.github.com>

* BEEFY: Support compatibility with Warp Sync - Allow Warp Sync for Validators (#2689)

Resolves https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/2627

Initializes voter _after_ headers sync finishes in the background.

This enables the BEEFY gadget to work with `--sync warp` (GRANDPA warp
sync).

Co-authored-by: Adrian Catangiu <adrian@parity.io>

* Fix slot_duration divide by zero panic in rococo-parachain runtime (#2612)

Adds the fix in https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2039 to
the rococo-parachain runtime.

* Bump the known_good_semver group with 2 updates (#2810)

Bumps the known_good_semver group with 2 updates:
[syn](https://github.com/dtolnay/syn) and
[serde_yaml](https://github.com/dtolnay/serde-yaml).

Updates `syn` from 2.0.41 to 2.0.43
<details>
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<ul>
<li>Insert trailing comma if not already present when printing a 1-tuple
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<li><a
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Release 2.0.43</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/dtolnay/syn/commit/7383e81b1ab6f9983692ebd9d6caa54aeff8fb85"><code>7383e81</code></a>
Merge pull request <a
href="https://redirect.github.com/dtolnay/syn/issues/1559">#1559</a>
from dtolnay/pattuple</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/dtolnay/syn/commit/712fde5a6fce0e7bee3615ab5c7545ce442bf034"><code>712fde5</code></a>
Fix ToTokens for PatTuple to insert trailing comma</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/dtolnay/syn/commit/ed9b94e3395cffb33db4254439e23dbc3a2e9e43"><code>ed9b94e</code></a>
Merge pull request <a
href="https://redirect.github.com/dtolnay/syn/issues/1558">#1558</a>
from dtolnay/tupletests</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/dtolnay/syn/commit/ec8517b33c137c48c38b74ba5be21815763a50f5"><code>ec8517b</code></a>
Add tuple comma tests</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/dtolnay/syn/commit/3cf16c76bdbe4e16261a167592a77edab853c6aa"><code>3cf16c7</code></a>
Merge pull request <a
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<li><a
href="https://github.com/dtolnay/syn/commit/553549ff12358a6ad95baaed2601a9dab541d693"><code>553549f</code></a>
Generalize snapshot parsing to types that do not implement Parse</li>
<li><a
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Merge pull request <a
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<li><a
href="https://github.com/dtolnay/syn/commit/131b40ba2904ec8755bb34466f369072dc34d588"><code>131b40b</code></a>
Debug impl for punctuated::Pairs superseded by Punctuated</li>
<li><a
href="https://github.com/dtolnay/syn/commit/3f12d652a8871955a7e27e0369933288bc387dd5"><code>3f12d65</code></a>
Include punctuation tokens in snapshot tests containing Punctuated</li>
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Updates `serde_yaml` from 0.9.27 to 0.9.29
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<h2>0.9.29</h2>
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<h2>0.9.28</h2>
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Release 0.9.29</li>
<li><a
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Merge pull request <a
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<li><a
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Fill in unsafe blocks inside unsafe functions</li>
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Turn on deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)</li>
<li><a
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Release 0.9.28</li>
<li><a
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Force unsafe-libyaml version that contains unaligned write fix</li>
<li><a
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Update name of blocks_in_if_conditions clippy lint</li>
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* Remove unused pallet-contracts-primitives (#2806)

* Broker pallet: fix interlacing (#2811)

With the current code, when a user interlaces their region, the end
result will be three regions in the state:
- the non-interlaced region
- first part of the interlaced region
- second part of the interlaced region

The existing implementation retains the non-interlaced region in the
state, leading to a problematic scenario:

1. User 1 acquires a region from the market.
2. User 1 then interlaces this region.
3. Subsequently, User 1 transfers one part of the interlaced regions to
User 2.
Despite this transfer, User 1 retains the ability to assign the entire
original non-interlaced region, which is inconsistent with the fact that
they no longer own one of the interlaced parts.

This PR resolves the issue by removing the original region, ensuring
that only the two new interlaced regions remain in the state.

* Development Environment Advice Reference Doc (#2759)

Closes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk-docs/issues/63

---------

Co-authored-by: Dónal Murray <donal.murray@parity.io>
Co-authored-by: PG Herveou <pgherveou@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: joe petrowski <25483142+joepetrowski@users.noreply.github.com>

* PVF: ensure job processes are cleaned up, add tests (#2643)

Fixes a potential memory leak.

`PR_SET_PDEATHSIG` is used to terminate children when the parent dies.
Note that this is subject to a race. There seems to be a raceless
alternative [here](https://stackoverflow.com/a/42498370/6085242), but
the concern is small enough that a bit more complexity doesn't seem
worth it. Left a bit more info in the code comment.

* core-fellowship: allow infinite demotion period (#2828)

* Extract PartialComponents into a type alias (#2767)

Pulling PartialComponents into a named `Service` type stops clippy
complaining about type complexity and also makes the type signatures a
little less scary to read.

There's two instances where we can't pull it out into a type because a
nightly feature has not yet been stabilised (E.g. the `imp Fn` isn't
stabilised in a type alias context here:
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/blob/d84e135bbfc366a17bb6b72d0fc9d09ee781ab8d/polkadot/node/service/src/lib.rs#L477
).

---------

Co-authored-by: Bastian Köcher <git@kchr.de>

* malus: use spawn_blocking (#2804)

Looks like using `spawn` instead of `spawn_blocking` in malus is leading
to a deadlock somehow. I'm not sure why exactly, but switching to
`spawn_blocking` fixes
https://github.com/paritytech/disabling-e2e-tests/issues/1, at least for
`suggest-garbage-candidate` (didn't check other variants).

Maybe my assumption here was wrong:
https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/pull/2184#discussion_r1403587674.

---------

Co-authored-by: Tsvetomir Dimitrov <tsvetomir@parity.io>

* Implement only sending one notification at a time as per RFC 56 (#2813)

cc https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk/issues/2812
cc https://github.com/polkadot-fellows/RFCs/pull/56

Since this is a one line of code change, and for the sake of this not
taking six months to be done, I've opted to open a PR myself.

---------

Co-authored-by: Aaro Altonen <48052676+altonen@users.noreply.github.com>

* Finish up polkadot doc (#2798)

Closes https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot-sdk-docs/issues/66

* Bump chevdor/srtool-actions from 0.9.1 to 0.9.2 (#2840)

Bumps
[chevdor/srtool-actions](https://github.com/chevdor/srtool-actions) from
0.9.1 to 0.9.2.
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Remove extra quotes</li>
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* Upgrade @polkadot/api and @polkadot/util package version to latest (#2821)

Otherwise I'm getting this error:
https://github.com/polkadot-js/api/pull/4952/files#diff-4cab1e3a83a624e52dc0c30047addb28184fdceac6acb930787af9c3aac50706L668
when running `./cumulus/scripts/bridges_rococo_westend.sh
init-bridge-hub-rococo-local` - guess it is related to recent Snowbridge
merge?

* Bump the known_good_semver group with 4 updates (#2845)

Bumps the known_good_semver group with 4 updates:
[serde](https://github.com/serde-rs/serde),
[serde_json](https://github.com/serde-rs/json),
[clap](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap) and
[serde_yaml](https://github.com/dtolnay/serde-yaml).

Updates `serde` from 1.0.193 to 1.0.194
<details>
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Ref docs for runtime_vs_smart_contract
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