feat(experimental): add migration logic with tests

[mfridman]

This PR adds the migration logic to the goose.Provider and implements all the methods. In future PRs would like to clean the TODOs, and start thinking how to make this public while ensuring this is a sane (and maintainable) project organization.

func (p *Provider) ApplyVersion(ctx context.Context, version int64, direction bool) (*MigrationResult, error) {}
func (p *Provider) Close() error {}
func (p *Provider) Down(ctx context.Context) ([]*MigrationResult, error) {}
func (p *Provider) DownTo(ctx context.Context, version int64) ([]*MigrationResult, error) {}
func (p *Provider) GetDBVersion(ctx context.Context) (int64, error) {}
func (p *Provider) ListSources() []*Source {}
func (p *Provider) Ping(ctx context.Context) error {}
func (p *Provider) Status(ctx context.Context) ([]*MigrationStatus, error) {}
func (p *Provider) Up(ctx context.Context) ([]*MigrationResult, error) {}
func (p *Provider) UpByOne(ctx context.Context) ([]*MigrationResult, error) {}
func (p *Provider) UpTo(ctx context.Context, version int64) ([]*MigrationResult, error) {}

There are a few new types that may interest folks:

type MigrationStatus struct {
	State     State
	AppliedAt time.Time
	Source    Source
}

type MigrationResult struct {
	Source    Source
	Duration  time.Duration
	Direction string
	Empty     bool
	Error     error
}

type Source struct {
	Type MigrationType
	Fullpath string
	Version int64
}

Testing

1. 83% coverage provider running -test.short. All tests use sqlite to test the underlying behaviour

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  STATUS │ ELAPSED │                    PACKAGE                    │ COVER │ PASS │ FAIL │ SKIP  │
│─────────┼─────────┼───────────────────────────────────────────────┼───────┼──────┼──────┼───────│
│  PASS   │  1.56s  │ github.com/pressly/goose/v3/internal/provider │ 83.0% │  55  │  0   │  1    │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

2. 85.5% coverage running all the above tests and the postgres session locker

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  STATUS │ ELAPSED │                    PACKAGE                    │ COVER │ PASS │ FAIL │ SKIP  │
│─────────┼─────────┼───────────────────────────────────────────────┼───────┼──────┼──────┼───────│
│  PASS   │ 14.91s  │ github.com/pressly/goose/v3/internal/provider │ 85.5% │  60  │  0   │  0    │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Note, that the end goal is not to get 100% coverage but to cover all the important business logic and features.